- ARCHITECTURE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES. TOWN PLANNING
- About the Museum complex "The Field of Kulikovo"
- Sergey V. GNEDOVSKY, e-mail: pnkb@list.ru
Architecture and cultural policy PNKB, Kosmodamianskaya nab., 52, korp. 10, Moscow, 115054, Russian Federation
- About the Renovation Program of Complex Living Environment of 1950-1960 years of Construction
- Yuriy P. GRIGOR'EV, e-mail: raasn@raasn.ru
Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, ul. B. Dmitrovka, 24, str. 1, Moscow 107031, Russian Federation
- REFERENCES
1. Grigor'ev Yu. P. Tasks and Problems of Development of Mass Housing Construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 7, pp. 40-43. (In Russian).
2. MGSN 2.01-99. Energosberezhenie v zdaniyakh. Normativy po teplozashchite i teplovodoelektrosnabzheniyu [Energy saving in buildings. Standards for thermal protection and teplovodosnabzhenie]. Moscow, 1999. (In Russian).
3. Duzinkevich M. S., Svetlakov M. V. To the Problems of Strength and Energy Resources of Houses of the First and Second Periods of Industrial House-Building Constructed According to MNIITEP's Projects. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 12, pp. 36-38. (In Russian).
4. Razrabotka i vnedrenie metodiki otsenki i prognozirovaniya ostatochnogo resursa stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy v razlichnykh usloviyakh rekonstruktsii i konservatsii ob"ektov: NI-5240-01 [Development and implementation of methods of assessment and forecasting of a residual resource of building structures of buildings and structures in various conditions of the reconstruction and conservation of objects]. GUP MNIITEP. Moscow, 2009. 230 p. (In Russian).
- For citation: Grigor'ev Yu. P. About the Renovation Program of Complex Living Environment of 1950-1960 years of Construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 6-9. (In Russian).
- Trekhgornoe Brewing Partnership: History and Prospects of Post-Industrial Development
- UDC 725.42:664:72.025.5
Dmitry S. CHAIKO, å-mail: chaiko-d@mail.ru
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, ul. Miklukho Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article is devoted to the brewery named after Badaev, one of the oldest Moscow historical objects, a monument of industrial architecture. The aim of the study is the preservation of industrial heritage as well as the search for new techniques of integration, further development and use of historical industrial sites in the present urban environment on the example one of Moscow's most famous factories of the XIX century. The development of industrial enterprises in Russia is analyzed, their current situation in the modern urban environment after the withdrawal of the production outside the city is shown, and the problem of isolation of the historical industrial heritage is also specified. The history of the brewery named after Badaev and main stages of its development are outlined, the detailed description of the unique architecture of its buildings is given. Several designs and interesting solutions concerning its post-industrial use for different functions, museum including, are presented. It is concluded that just the integration process in the reconstruction will make it possible to solve the isolation problem of historical industrial heritage in the urban environment.
Key words: brewery named after Badaev, reconstruction, industrial architecture, integration process, industrial heritage.
- REFERENCES
1. Shtiglic M. S. In the absence of a city strategy. Arhitektura restavracija dizajn i stroitel'stvo, 2010, no. 4 (47), pp. 8-13. (In Russian).
2. Snitko A. V. Ways of historical industrial enterprises architectural environment development. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 1, pp. 11-13. (In Russian).
3. Dubnov A. P. Industrial and culture in the twenty-first century. Problems of convergence. Sohranenie industrial'nogo nasledija: mirovoj opyt i rossijskie problemy. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii TICCIH (8-12 september) [The conservation of industrial heritage: world experience and Russian problems]. Ekaterinburg, IIA URO RAN Publ., 1994. Pp. 261-262. (In Russian).
4. Artjomov E. T., Postnikov S. P. Industrial heritage as a factor of actualization of historical memory. Ibid. Pp. 195-199. (In Russian).
5. Morozov V. Ju. Trends in the development of industrial brewing in Russia in 1880-1890 years. Available at: http://e-koncept.ru/2014/14068.htm (accessed 3.03.2016). (In Russian).
6. Grigorjan G. G. Russia and West Europe: interaction of industrial cultures, 1700 - 1950. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii. Nizhniy Tagil, 15-18 August. Ekaterinburg, Bank kul'turnoj informacii Publ., 1997. Pp. 137-138. (In Russian).
7. Snitko A.V. Historical evolution of the system targets the architectural formation of industrial buildings (for example, industrial enterprises in the Central Russia). Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 1, pp. 57-60. (In Russian).
8. Anisimov A. V. "Unidentified" objects of architecture. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 4, pp. 32-42. (In Russian).
9. Titova L. O. Evaluation criteria the values of industrial heritage. Fundamentnye i prikladnye nauki segodnja. Materialy VII mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. North Charleston, 21-22 december. Moscow, CreateSpace Publ., 2016. Pp. 1-3. (In Russian).
10. Titova L. O. Architectural lighting of factories in pre-revolutionary Moscow. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo Rossii, 2015, no. 10, pp. 38-40. (In Russian).
- For citation: Chaiko D. S. Trekhgornoe Brewing Partnership: History and Prospects of Post-Industrial Development. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 10-15. (In Russian).
- BUILDING STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
- Adjustment of Vibrations of the Retractable Football Pitch of the Stadium on Krestovsky Island in Saint-Petersburg
- UDC 624.014.04:725.826.053.3:628.517.4
Mikhail I. BOGDANOV, e-mail: mail@igiis.ru
Institute of Geotechnics and Engineering Surveys in Construction, ul. Elektrozavodskaya, 60, Moscow 107076, Russian Federation
Alexei G. SHASHKIN
Konstantin G. SHASHKIN
Maxim A. SHASHKIN, e-mail: mail@georec.spb.ru
Georeconstruction, Izmaylovsky pr., 4, St. Petersburg 190005, Russian Federation
Abstract. The retractable football pitch is a structural feature of the new stadium in St. Petersburg. There are no normative documents regulating the acceptable level of vibrations for such structures in the world and domestic practice. The paper analyzes the causes of emerging undesirable vibrations of the structures of the retractable football pitch. The criteria of a convenient level of oscillations are proposed and the methods of instrumental evaluation of the vibration parameters have been developed. Results of the in situ measurements of vibrations at the retractable and conventional football pitches are presented. Results of the calculations of vibrations parameters for the structure of the retractable pitch are outlined, and effective actions to adjust the level of oscillations to the convenient values have been determined on the basis of the backward calculation analysis. According to the conducted investigations, it is possible to get rid of undesirable vibrations via enhancing low eigen frequencies of vibrations of the system. It requires increasing the structural rigidity of the retractable pitch. There have been considered several possible options of technical solutions, and the most optimal solution for the given technical and organizational situation has been chosen. The effectiveness of the proposed measures has been confirmed at experimental sites. The material presented in the paper is an example of a practical solution of the complicated engineering problem with the use of geophysical methods of measurements and calculations of the structure for the dynamic impacts.
Key words: vibration, frequency, acceleration of oscillations, calculation of dynamic impacts, metal structures, retractable football pitch.
- REFERENCES
1. Vykatnoe pole "Zenit-Areny" neprigodno dlya chempionata mira [Field roll-out "Zenit Arena" for the world Cup]. IA REGNUM. Available at: https://regnum.ru/news/society/2200240.html (accessed 01.11.2016). (In Russian).
2. Ulitskiy V. M., Shashkin A. G., Shashkin K. G., Paramonov V. N. Software system for creating models and solving problems of construction and reconstruction using FEM "FEM models". Rekonstruktsiya gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 2000, no. 2, pp. 12-20. (In Russian).
3. Ulitskiy V. M., Shashkin A. G., Shashkin K. G., Shashkin V. A. Osnovy sovmestnykh raschetov zdaniy i osnovaniy [A basis for joint calculations of buildings and grounds]. St. Petersburg, Georekonstruktsiya Publ., 2014. 328 p. (In Russian).
4. Perel'muter A. V., Slivker V. I. Raschetnye modeli sooruzheniy i vozmozhnost' ikh analiza [Design models of structures and possibility of their analysis]. Moscow, SCAD Soft, DMK Press Publ., 2011. 709 p. (In Russian).
5. Perel'muter A. V., Kriksunov E. Z., Karpilovskiy V. S., Malyarenko A. A. Integrated system for calculation and design of bearing structures of buildings and facilities SCAD Ofiiice: new version, new features. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal, 2009, no. 2, pp. 10-12. (In Russian).
- For citation: Bogdanov M. I., Shashkin A. G., Shashkin K. G., Shashkin M. A. Adjustment of Vibrations of the Retractable Football Pitch of the Stadium on Krestovsky Island in Saint-Petersburg. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 16-24. (In Russian).
- Strengthening of Wooden Constructions with the Use of Twisted Cruciform Rods
- UDC 624.011.6
Victor I. ZHADANOV, e-mail: organ-2003@bk.ru
Maxim A. ARKAYEV, e-mail: arkaevrus@mail.ru
Georgy A. STOLPOVSKY, e-mail: stolpovskij@mail.ru
Orenburg State University, prosp. Pobedy, 13, Orenburg 460018, Russian Federation
Abstract. In the course of operation of wooden constructions made of solid wood there is often need of their restitution and strengthening. The simplest and efficient method is strengthening of structures by increasing the cross-sectional area. A composite cross-section is formed through the use of connections, at this, within strengthening of operating constructions, it is reasonable to use discrete mechanical connections of a rod type. Authors developed twisted cruciform rods with high bearing capacity when pulling out, speed of penetration as well as a high degree of fire resistance. A calculation algorithm of single and double-shear connections of wooden structures with the rod proposed is presented; features of the calculation due to their twisted form and cruciform cross-section are revealed. Specific formulas for determining the bearing capacity of twisted cruciform connections from conditions of wood crushing and bending of the rod itself are presented. Dependences for calculation of temporary resistance of wood to the destruction in openings of twisted cruciform rods along and across fibers have been obtained. Steel twisted rods can replace the known types of mechanical connections in standard strengthening nods of wooden constructions when repairing. Various options of beam structures strengthening including support zones of beams, racks and elements of trusses are proposed.
Key words: twisted cruciform rod, strengthening of wooden constructions, increase in cross-section square, wood bearing strength, options of strengthening.
- REFERENCES
1. Bol'shakov V.V. Rukovodstvo po ekspluatatsii i remontu derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Manual on operation and repair of wooden designs]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat, 1939. 204 p. (In Russian).
2. Bol'shakov V.V. Durability of wooden designs by experience of their application in construction engineering. Increase of effectiveness of constructional use of wood in construction engineering. Materialy vsesoyuznogo soveshchaniya. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1968. Pp. 45-49. (In Russian).
3. Gus'kov I. M. Remont derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Repair of wooden designs]. Moscow, VNIPIEIlesprom Publ., 1982. 60 p. (In Russian).
4. Arkaev M. A., Zhadanov V. I., Stolpovskiy G. A., Ukrainchenko D. A., Lisov S. V. Usilenie derevyannykh konstruktsiy ekspluatiruemykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Strengthening of wooden designs of the operated buildings and constructions]. Orenburg, IPK "Universitet" Publ., 2012. 176 p. (In Russian).
5. Arkaev M. A., Ogir A. Yu. Development the ways of strengthening of wooden designs. Universitetskiy kompleks kak regional'nyy tsentr obrazovaniya, nauki i kul'tury [University complex as a regional center of education, science and culture]. Materialy vserossiyskoy nauchno-metodicheskoy konferentsii. 29-31 Januar. Orenburg, OGU, IPK "Universitet" Publ., 2014. Pp. 582-587. (In Russian).
6. Arkaev M. A., Stolpovskiy G. A., Shmelev K. V., Sergeev M. I. Ways of strengthening of rod wooden structures of the operated buildings and constructions. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2013, no. 5, pp. 158-163. (In Russian).
7. Arkaev M.A., Ogir A.Yu. About disadvantages of mechanical connections of dowel type in wooden designs. Stroitel'naya nauka-2014: teoriya, obrazovanie, praktika, innovatsii: sbornik trudov mezhdunar. nauchno-tekhn. konf. [Construction science 2014: theory, education, practice, innovation]. Arkhangel'sk, Tipografiya "TOCHKA" Publ., 2014. Pp. 23-27. (In Russian).
8. Stolpovskiy G. A. Soedinenie derevyannykh elementov na vitykh krestoobraznykh sterzhnyakh, rabotayushchikh na vydergivanie [Connection of wooden elements on the twisted cruciform rod stock working for wrest]. Diss. kand. tekhn. nauk. Orenburg, 2011. 186 p. (In Russian).
9. Stolpovskiy G. A., Zhadanov V. I., Rudnev I. V. Connection of wooden structures elements on screw cruciform dowels in pre-fabricated buildings and constructions. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2010, no. 3, pp. 150-154. (In Russian).
10. Garipov V. S., Zhadanov V. I., Stolpovskiy G. A. Application of methods of experimental plan in searching of the optimum parameters of a screw core, influencing on its wrest from the massif of wood. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 4, pp. 109-116. (In Russian).
11. Arkaev M. A., Stolpovskiy G. A., Lisov S. V. Impact assessment of design parameters of a cruciform cross section twisted core on its bearing strength at wrest. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 6, pp. 130-136. (In Russian).
12. Kochenov V. M. Nesushchaya sposobnost' elementov i soedineniy derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Carrying capacity of elements and connections of wooden designs]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1953. 122 p. (In Russian).
13. Lenyashin A. V. Raschet nagel'nykh sopryazheniy [Calculation of dowel connections]. Sb. statey. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1934. Pp. 52-61. (In Russian).
14. Dmitriev P. A. Eksperimental'nye issledovaniya soedineniy elementov derevyan-nykh konstruktsiy na metallicheskikh i plastmassovykh nagelyakh i teoriya ikh rascheta s uchetom uprugovyazkikh i plasticheskikh deformatsiy [The pilot studies on connections of wooden designs elements on metal and plastic dowels and the theory of their calculation taking into account elastoviscous and plastic strains]. Dis. doktora tekhn. nauk. Novosibirsk, NISI Publ., 1975. 529 p. (In Russian).
15. Dmitriev P. A., Strizhakov Yu. D. Reseach of wood on a bearing strain in an opening across fibers at action of short-term and long-lived loadings. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura, 1969, no. 7, pp. 22-28. (In Russian).
16. Dmitriev P. A. Research of wood durability on a bearing strain in an opening at short-term and long-lived action of loadings. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura, 1965, no. 12, pp. 165-173. (In Russian).
17. Shvedov V. N. Soedinenie derevyannykh elementov na nagelyakh krestoobraznogo seche-niya, zabitykh ognestrel'nym sposobom [Connection of the wooden elements on the cruciform section dowels clogget in firearm way]. Dis. kand. tekhn. nauk. Novosibirsk, 1999. 185 p. (In Russian).
18. Shvedov V. N. Soprotivlenie drevesiny smyatiyu nagelyami krestoobraznogo secheniya [Resitance on bearing strain of wood to cruciform section dowels]. Tez. dokl. nauchn.- tekhn. konf. Novosibirsk, NISI Publ., 1990. P. 46. (In Russian).
19. Shvedov V. N. Resistance of wood to a bearing strain in an opening by cruciform cross section stamp. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo, 1992, no. 9-10, pp. 143-144. (In Russian).
20. Zhadanov V. I., Arkaev M. A., Rozhkov A. F. The accounting of a twisted form of cruciform dowel in calculation of the beam wooden constructions at their strengthening by increase in a transverse section. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy, 2016, no. 6, pp. 55-59. (In Russian).
- For citation: Zhadanov V. I., Arkayev M. A., Stolpovsky G. A. Strengthening of Wooden Constructions with the Use of Twisted Cruciform Rods. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 25-31. (In Russian).
- STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
- Study of Dynamic Loadings in Reinforced Concrete Structural System at Sudden Structural Reorganizations
- UDC 624.046.2
Natalia V. FEDOROVA, e-mail: klynavit@yandex.ru
Tatiana A. KHALINA, e-mail: belka2442@yandex.ru
Southwest State University, 50 let Oktyabrya, 94, Kursk 305040, Russian Federation
Abstract. Results of the study of one of the most important parameters determining the survivability of structures, the coefficient of dynamic loadings for different types of structural systems at sudden structural rearrangements are presented. It is established that the dynamic loading factor in the statically indeterminate structural systems, when the failure of one of the bearing elements takes place, significantly depends on the topology of the structural system itself, material and location of the design section. The dynamic loading factor also depends on the reinforcement percentage and the level of reinforcement pre-stressing for structural systems of a two-component material, such as reinforced concrete, at the sudden destruction of the concrete matrix. An example of the design calculation of dynamic loadings in a reinforced concrete truss with conventional reinforcement and pre-stressed reinforcement, caused by abrupt failure of one of the bearing bars of the truss, is presented. It is shown that the pre-stressing in elements of the structural system significantly increases dynamic loadings of elements at emergency situations and this should be taken into account when designing especially important objects.
Key words: survivability, reinforced concrete structural systems,, dynamic loading factor, pre-stressed reinforcement, topology, design calculation.
- REFERENCES
1. Geniev G.A., Vorob'ev E.D., Kljueva N. V. Strength of a bent reinforced concrete element in the standard section with a sudden force action. Sb. nauch. trudov Central'nogo regional'nogo otdelenija RAASN. Iss. 1. Moscow, Otdel INJeP. 2002. Pp. 3-7. (In Russian).
2. Geniev G. A., Kljueva N. V. Experimental-theoretical studies of semi-infinite beams during safe shutdown condition of components. Izvestija vuzov. Stroitel'stvo, 2000, no. 10, pp. 25-27. (In Russian).
3. Geniev G. A., Kljueva N. V., Kolchunov V. I. Determination of bowing in reinforced concrete elements of rod systems with dynamic effects. Rossijsko-pol'skij seminar "Teoreticheskie osnovy stroitel'stva". Moscow, MGSU Publ., 1999. Pp. 47-54. (In Russian).
4. Travush V. I., Kolchunov V. I., Kljueva N. V. Some directions of development of survivability theory of structural systems of buildings and structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 3, pp. 4-11. (In Russian).
5. Kodysh E. N., Trekin N. N., Chesnokov D. A. Protection of multistory buildings from progressing collapse. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 6, pp. 8-13. (In Russian).
6. Shapiro G. I., Gasanov A. A. Numerical solution of the problem of stability of the prefabricated building against progressive collapse. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering, 2016, vol. 12, iss. 2, pp. 158-166. (In Russian).
7. Kolchunov V. I., Tamrazyan A. G. Main directions of the development of structural safety theory and synthesis of reinforced concrete structural for buildings and structures. Beton i zhelezobeton - vzglyad v budushchee. Sb. nauch. tr. III Vserossiyskoy (II Mezhdunarodnoy) konferentsii po betonu i zhelezobetonu. [Concrete and reinforced concrete - glance at future]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2014. Vol. 7. Pp. 176-206. (In Russian).
8. Kolchunov V. I., Emel'janov S. G. Issues of calculation analysis and protection of large-panel buildings from progressive collapse. Zhilishhnoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 10, pp. 17-20. (In Russian).
9. Kolchunov V. I., Klyueva N. V., Androsova N. B., Bukhtiyarova A. S. Zhivuchest' zdaniy i sooruzheniy pri zaproektnykh vozdeystviyakh [Survivability of buildings and structures under beyond-design impacts]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2013. 218 p. (In Russian).
10. Geniev G. A., Kolchunov V. I., Klyueva N. V, et al. Prochnost' i deformativnost' zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy pri zaproektnykh vozdeystviyakh [Strength and deformability of reinforced concrete structures under beyond-design impacts]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2004. 216 p. (In Russian).
11. STO 008-02495342-2009. Predotvrashchenie progressiruyushchego obrusheniya zhelezobetonnykh monolitnykh konstruktsiy zdaniy [Preventing progressive collapse of reinforced concrete monolithic structures of buildings]. Moscow, TSNIIPromzdanii Publ., 2009. 23 p. (In Russian).
12. UFC 4-010-02. Minimum Antiterrorism Standoff Distances for Buildings. USA. 2009. 104 p.
13. UFC4-023-3. Design of buildings to resist progressive collapse. USA. 2003. 245 p.
- For citation: Fedorova N. V., Khalina T. A. Study of Dynamic Loadings in Reinforced Concrete Structural System at Sudden Structural Reorganizations. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 32-36. (In Russian).
- BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
- Flammability and Performance Properties of Nano-Modified Resole Phenolic Foams
- UDC 614.841.4:691.17
Valentin A. USHKOV, e-mail: VA.Ushkov@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The influence of the concentration and chemical nature of salts of fluoride, fluoboric, fluorosilicate, and rhodanic acids on the technological and physical-mechanical properties, combustibility and heat resistance of nano-modified resole phenolic foam is considered. It is shown that the investigated compounds make it possible to regulate the macrostructure, technological and physical-mechanical properties of phenolic foams and to use the substandard materials for the thermal insulation products manufacture. It is ascertained that the metal fluorides reduce the flammability of phenolic foams. Besides, the fluorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals reduce, and fluorides of transition metals (variable valence) have practically no effect on the thermal stability of phenolic foams. It is revealed that AlF3 reduces the concentration of phenol in the prepolymer DAF-1A and resole phenolic foams. The use of thiocyanate compounds increases the induction period and duration of foaming of phenol compositions. The application of nano-modifiers makes it possible to regulate the multiplicity and conditions of foaming as well as hardening of resole phenolic foams.
Key words: nano-modified resole phenolic foams, flammability, density, strength, heat resistance, phenol, fluorine and thiocyanic compounds.
- REFERENCES
1. Klempner D. Polimernye peny i tekhnologii vspenivaniya [Polymer foams and foaming technologies]. St. Petersburg, Profession Publ., 2009. 600 p. (In Russian).
2. Kuleshov I. V., Torner R. V. Teploizolyatsiya iz vspenennykh polimerov [Insulation of foamed polymers]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1987. 144 p. (In Russian).
3. Chistyakov A. M. Legkie mnogosloynye ograzhdayushchie konstruktsii [Lightweight multilayer walling]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1987. 241 p. (In Russian).
4. Valgin V. D. Domestic energy-saving technology of heat insulation of building structures using new generation foams. Plasticheskie massy, 2007, no. 10, pp. 44-48. (In Russian).
5. Ushkov V. A., Sokoreva E. V., Slavin A. M., Orlova A. M. Fire hazard of resole phenolic foams and rigid polyurethane foams. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 5, pp. 65-68. (In Russian).
6. A. S. 872532. Kompozitsiya dlya polucheniya penofenoplasta [The composition for phenolic foams]. Aseeva R. M., Ushkov V. A., Bruyako M. G., Lomakin S. M., et al. 1981. (In Russian).
7. Patent RF 2495891. Kompozitsiya dlya polucheniya penofenoplasta [The composition for phenolic foams]. Bruyako M. G., Vasiliev M. A., Kiselev O. V., Orlova A. M., et al. 2013. 160 p. (In Russian).
- For citation: Ushkov V. A. Flammability and Performance Properties of Nano-Modified Resole Phenolic Foams. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 37-40. (In Russian).
- Advantages of PENOPLEX® as a Filler for Deformation Joints
- Andrey V. ZHEREBTSOV
OOO "PENOPLEX SPB", Saperny per., 1A, Saint-Petersburg 191014, Russian Federation
- ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, MARKETING
- Leasing as an Organizational Form of Operation of Construction Equipment
- UDC 69:338.45
Zalina R. TUSKAEVA, e-mail: tuskaevazalina@yandex.ru
North-Caucasian Mining and Metallurgical Institute, ul. Nikolaeva, 44, Vladikavkaz 362021, Russian Federation
Abstract. For the stable functioning of the construction companies, the level of construction machinery equipment has the particular importance. But in recent decades the aging of construction machinery fleet and deterioration of its qualitative structure is observed that leads to the significant reduction in the capacity of building organizations. The reason for this is a sharp increase in the value of machinery and complex financial situation of the majority of organizations that doesn't allow many of them to acquire the necessary equipment and, respectively, to develop their production base. It is shown that under the conditions of outdated fleet of construction equipment and an acute shortage of its many types, the leasing is the only organizational form of exploitation creating the possibility for the acquisition and operation of modern domestic and imported construction machinery. The article substantiates the prospects for the development of two types of leasing: financial and operational. This justification is based on the fact that at the market of construction works a variety of the construction formations different concerning capacity and equipment appliances is functioning, their ratio changes depending on different macroeconomic conditions. It is established that the operative leasing is the most suitable for small construction organizations, the financial leasing - for large integrated structures.
Key words: financial and operating leasing, organizational form of exploitation, construction machinery, equipment of construction complex.
- REFERENCES
1. Rossiya v tsifrakh [Russia in figures]. Kratkiy statisticheskiy sbornik. Moscow, Rosstat, 2013. 573 p. (In Russian).
2. Pankratov E. P., Pankratov O. E. Problemy increase the productive capacity of construction companies. Economica stroitelstva, 2015, no. 3 (33), pp. 4-17. (In Russian).
3. Tuskaeva Z. R. Technical equipment in the building: problems and ways to improve. Vestnik MGSU, 2015, no. 11, pp. 90-101. (In Russian).
4. Tuskaeva Z. R. Innovative mechanisms for effective technical equipment in construction management. Novosibirsk, TSRNS Publ., 2015. 108 p. (In Russian).
5. Asaul A. N., Starovoytov M. K. Faltinsky R. A. Upravlenie zatratami v stroitel'stve [Upravlenie costs in construction]. St. Petersburg, IPEV Publ., 2009. 392 p. (In Russian).
6. Babaeva D. G. Analysis of the basic production assets in the industry. Vestnik Dagestanskogo instituta narodnogo khozyaystva, 2006, vol. X, pp. 76-81. (In Russian).
7. Buttaeva S. M. Status and trends to ensure the reproduction of fixed assets. Uchenye zapiski Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo sotsial'nogo universiteta, 2007, no. 2 (54), pp. 119-130. (In Russian).
8. Pankratov E. P., Pankratov O. E. On the state and upgrade production and technical capacity building complex. Ekonomika stroitel'stva, 2005, no. 5, pp. 2-16. (In Russian).
9. Latypov V.R. How to improve the efficiency of the use of fixed assets? Avtomatizirovannye sistemy v upravlenii, 2003, no. 5, pp. 86-93. (In Russian).
10. Rikoshinsky A. Commercial vehicles and road - building in modern conditions. Osnovnye sredstva, 2009, no. 1, pp. 38-39. (In Russian).
11. Tuskaeva Z. R. Formation of the technical equipment of the center building. Vestnik MGSU, 2016, no. 9, pp. 75-85. (In Russian).
12. Hadong Z. M. Organizatsiya, planirovanie i upravlenie stroitel'nym proizvodstvom [Organization, planning and management of building production]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010. 559 p. (In Russian).
13. Adamov N. A., Tilov A. A. Lizing: pravovye i ekonomicheskie osnovy, osobennosti bukhgalterskogo ucheta i nalogooblozheniya [Leasing: the legal and economic framework, particularly accounting and taxation]. Moscow, ID Piter Publ., 2005. 128 p. (In Russian).
14. Belyaev M. K., Zamaraeva O. V. The methodical approach to the management of leasing operations in building construction. Ekonomika stroitel'stva, 2014, no. 2 (26), pp. 56-61. (In Russian).
15. Korniychuk G. A. Dogovory arendy, nayma i lizinga [Leases, hiring and leasing]. Moscow, Dashkov I Ko Publ., 2008. 65 p. (In Russian).
16. Lazin A. I., Nikolaev S. N. Osobennosti razvitiya arendy stroitel'noy tekhniki v SShA [Features of the lease of construction equipment in the United States]. Moscow, Lizingstroymash Publ., 2009. 13 p. (In Russian).
17. Tuskaeva Z. R. Leasing - a promising method for updating the material and technical base of construction. Nedvizhimost': ekonomika, upravlenie, 2015, no. 1, pp. 32-35. (In Russian).
- For citation: Tuskaeva Z. R. Leasing as an Organizational Form of Operation of Construction Equipment. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 46-50. (In Russian).
- BASES AND FOUNDATIONS, UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES
- Technological and Strength Efficiency of Geopolymeric "Daubing Itself" Technology when Piling
- UDC 624.154.4
Anatoli S. BUSLOV, e-mail: a.buslov@yandex.ru
Alexandra A. BAKULINA, e-mail: bakulina.smus@yandex.ru
Elena N. BURMINA, e-mail: elenakalacheva17.ya@yandex.ru
Nikolai V. SHESHUNOV, e-mail: bayanist3@mail.ru
Igor A. MUROG, e-mail: smu@rimsou.ru
Moscow Polytechnic University, The Branch in Ryazan, ul. Pravo-Lybedskaia, 26/53, Ryazan 390046, Russian Federation
Abstrct. Currently, the curing process of polymers is the most developed, but their properties as materials to reinforce soils has been studied not enough. In connection with the extensive use of piles in construction, the issue of the influence of polymer coatings on the increase in pile bearing capacity after their driving has been poor studied, though this problem is quite relevant. The experience in the use of geo-polymer technology when constructing pile foundations, namely the principle "daubing itself" of the pile immersed in loess soil by the resin TSD-9 to reduce the time of its driving and increase the bearing capacity is considered. To compare the results, testing of piles with the coating and without coating both in dry and soaked soils has been conducted. According to test results, graphs of the dependence of "load-settlement" for the piles tested in the dry and soaked soils were constructed. After curing of the resin there is an increase in the bearing capacity of piles on average up to 2 times that it is especially noticeable when they are tested in soaked soil. The efficiency of the use of a polymer solution as a means of accelerating the submersion of piles into the soil is assessed according to the number of strikes for piling.The use of resin TSD-9 made it possible to reduce the time of pile insertion in loess soils by 20 percent and more.
Key words: geopolymer technology, bearing capacity of piles, construction of pile foundations, friction piles, loess soils.
- REFERENCES
1. Gumenskij B.M. Pogruzhenie svaj s pomoshh'ju obmazok sinteticheskimi smolami i glinami [Piles with coating of a synthetic resin and clays] Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1969. 164 p. (In Russian).
2. Platonov A. P., Pershin M. N. Kompozicionnye materialy na osnove gruntov [Composite materials on the basis of soils]. Moscow, Himija Publ., 1987. 144 p. (In Russian).
3. Beljaev V. F., Pjastolov A. V. Mehanicheskie i fiziko-himicheskie sposoby ukreplenija gornyh porod [Mechanical and physical-chemical methods of strengthening of rocks]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1967. 116 p. (In Russian).
4. Rzhanicyn B.A. Himicheskoe zakreplenie gruntov v stroitel'stve [Chemical grouting in construction]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1986. 264 p. (In Russian).
5. Artemov M. S. On the possibility of using nanoactive to strengthen foundation soils roads. Transportnoe stroitel'stvo, 2010, no. 4, pp. 16-17. (In Russian).
6. Litov Ju. N. The use of polymers to speed up the piling. Osnovanija, fundamenty i mehanika gruntov, 1965, no. 5, pp. 44-46. (In Russian).
7. Savchenko V. A. Enhance the bearing capacity of piles in sandy soils. Promyshlennoe stroitel'stvo i inzhenernye sooruzhenija, 1966, no. 5, pp. 12-15. (In Russian).
8. Muljukov Je. I., Zubairov S. G., Perov E. P. Techno-economic feasibility of pile driving in "shirt". Osnovanija, fundamenty i mehanika gruntov, 1981, no. 1, pp. 4-5. (In Russian).
9. Buslov A. S., Korzh I. V. Nesushhaja sposobnost' svajnyh fundamentov v lessovyh prosadochnyh gruntah [Bearing capacity of pile Foundation in collapsible loess soils]. Tashkent, FAN Publ.,1983. 105 p. (In Russian).
- For citation: Buslov A. S., Bakulina A. A., Burmina E. N., Sheshunov N. V., Murog I. A. Technological and Strength Efficiency of Geopolymeric "Daubing Itself" Technology when Piling. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 51-56. (In Russian).
- TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION
- Design of Rational Organizational-Technological Decisions for Erecting Transformable Low-Rise Buildings on the Basis of Multi-Criteria Evaluation
- UDC 69.057.12
Elena À. KOROL, å-mail: KorolEA@mgsu.ru
Aleksand A. PLESHIVCEV, e-mail: perspektiva-aa@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineer, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Improvement of technologies of construction of low-rise residential buildings is aimed at reducing the complexity, duration and cost of construction, increasing the degree of mechanization and reducing inefficient manual operations and processes. There have been developed the competitive technology for the construction of transformable low-rise buildings of sandwich panels with rational technological parameters which makes it possible to increase the pace of construction year-round, reduce the complexity and cost of construction of low-rise buildings. Performed multi-criteria evaluation of the construction of the complex of 15 transformable low-rise buildings contributes to the choice of rational organizational-technological option according to the criteria of Wald, Savage and the risk factor by Gurvitz.
Key words: rational choice; multicriteria evaluation; cyclograms; performance indicators; criteria for optimality of indicators for construction of transformable low-rise buildings ; complex of objects of transformable low-rise buildings.
- REFERENCES
1. Abramov I. L. Modeling of technological processes of construction of low-rise residential buildings. Zhilishchnoe stroitelstvo, 2007, no. 5, pp. 1-3. (In Russian).
2. Kievsky L. V., Tikhomirov S. A., Kuleshova E. I., Shcheglov V. A. Methodical issues of development of process charts in construction for a modular house on the basis of timing observations. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2016, no. 11, pp. 41-49. (In Russian).
3. Korol E. A., Komissarov S. V., Kagan P. B., Arutiunov S. G. Solving of Problems of organizational-technological simulation of building processes. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2011, no. 3, pp. 43-45. (In Russian).
4. Nikolskii M. S., Kazakov Iu. N. The rational constructive - technological solutions for pre-fabricated cottages country houses based on wooden panelsi. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov, 2009, no. 4, pp. 61-67. (In Russian).
5. Oleinik P. P., Brodsky V. I. Methods for determining the duration of construction of objects. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2012, no. 12, pp. 30-32. (In Russian).
6. Patent RF 2445423. Bystrovozvodimoe samomontiruemoe maloetazhnoe skladyvaemoe zdanie s mansardoi [Foldable self-erecting prefabricated low-rise building with a loft] / Nanazashvili I. Kh., Pleshivtsev A. A., Nanazashvili V. I., Davydov A. N. Published 20.03.2012. (In Russian).
7. Sychev S. A. Study of changes in labor costs of installation of high-speed volumetric modular construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2015, no. 11, pp. 67-70. (In Russian).
- For citation: Korol E. À., Pleshivcev A. A. Design of Rational Organizational-Technological Decisions for Erecting Transformable Low-Rise Buildings on the Basis of Multi-Criteria Evaluation. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 57-61. (In Russian).
- ENGINEERING SURVEYS FOR CONSTRUCTION
- Research in Secondary Consolidation of Soils
- UDC 624.131.37:624.131.526
Vladimir V. KAPUSTIN, e-mail: vovak1919@gmail.com
Vladimir V. HAUSTOV, e-mail: okech@mail.ru
Vladimir K. KAPUSTIN, e-mail: sula_rom@mail.ru
Southwest State University, ul. 50 Let Oktyabrya, 94, Kursk 305040, Russian Federation
Abstract. The problem of ensuring the strength, durability, and safety of unique facilities, when designing and constructing them, remains the priority one. Its solution largely depends on the correct assessment of settling caused by the soil consolidation. If there are clay soils in ground bases, the sediment of structures can develop during the whole time of operation. To provide the possibility of predicting the age-old sediments at the stage of engineering surveys, laboratory tests of soils in the odometer are conducted. Such tests do not fully reflect the processes occurring in the foundation bases of limited dimensions. For a more reliable prediction of age-old sediments, laboratory experiments are proposed to conduct not in the odometer, but in a special die installation. This unit makes it possible to conducts tests on the creep of clay soils when the realization of shearing strain is possible. This is impossible with the traditional equipment for compression test of soils. The coefficient of the secondary consolidation of clay soils, which makes it possible to more correctly assess the change in the speed of age-old sediments of buildings and structures in time, has been calculated with the help of the proposed methods of laboratory tests. Results of the long experiment with a sample of the Callovian clay of an undisturbed structure and comparison with field observations are presented.
Key words: soil, foundation, base, compressibility, sediment, creep.
- REFERENCES
1. Ter-Martirosjan Z. G., Ter-Martirosjan A. Z. The bases, foundations and soil mechanics. Osnovaniia, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov, 2014, no. 6, pp. 6-10. (In Russian).
2. Ter-Martirosjan Z. G., Ter-Martirosjan A. Z., Nguen Khui Khiep. Consolidation and creep bases of finite width. Vestnik MGSU, 2013, no. 4, pp. 38-52. (In Russian).
3. Altynbaev R. A., Gzogjan S. R., Mel'nikova N. D. The use of the Callovian clays in the production of iron ore pellets. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii biulleten' (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal), 2001, no. 4, pp. 10-17. (In Russian).
4. Kapustin V. V., Shpil'ko A. A., Kapustin V. K. Determination of coefficients of consolidation of the Callovian clay test in the odometer. Budushchee nauki-2016. Sbornik nauchnykh statei 4-i Mezhdunarodnoi molodezhnoi nauchnoi konferentsii (14-15 aprelia 2016 goda), v 4-kh tomakh [The future of science-2016. Collection of scientific articles of the 4th International youth scientific conference (April 14-15, 2016), 4 vols.], Kursk, Universitetskaia kniga Publ., 2015, vol. 3, pp. 157-160. (In Russian).
5. Kapustin V. K. Geotechnical monitoring of the ground base of Zaporizhzhya NPP. Izvestiia IuZGU. Seriia Tekhnika i tekhnologii, 2012, no. 2, part 3, pp. 222-225. (In Russian).
6. Sedin V. L., Bausk E. A., Golovko S. I. Evaluation of technical state and extension of operating of the foundation of the protective shell of the reactor compartment of VVER-1000. Vestnik PGASA, 2010, no. 9, pp. 39-45. (In Russian).
- For citation: Kapustin V. V., Haustov V. V., Kapustin V. K. Research in Secondary Consolidation of Soils. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 62-66. (In Russian).
- FIRE AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
- Settlement-Analytical Method for Evaluating Smoke-Forming Ability of Floorings
- UDC 614.841.083.7
Evgeny M. ALEKHIN, e-mail: kpost1@yandex.ru
Margarita P. GRIGORYEVA, e-mail: margarita_theone@mail.ru
Tatiana Yu. EREMINA, e-mail: main@stopfire.ru
Natalia I. KONSTANTINOVA, e-mail: konstantinova_n@inbox.ru
State Fire Academy of Emercom of Russia, Borisa Galushkina ul., 4, Moscow 129301, Russian Federation
Abstract. This article describes how to predict the smoke-forming ability of flooring material used on the evacuation routes during thermal oxidative decomposition (smoldering), under the condition of fire-hazard situation. The settlement-analytical method, based on the application of non-linear models of the multifactor experiment with the aim of their interpretation, determining the shape of the response surface and produce extreme functions is proposed. The use of matrix algebra and the method of complete factor experiment made it possible to create the method for evaluating the smoke-forming ability of floorings at thermo-oxidative decomposition; the basis of this method is a complex of mathematical models of smoke formation for the most common groups of floorings (polyvinylchloride floorings of homogeneous and heterogeneous types, carpet coverings on the basis of polypropylene, polyamide, nylon and wool). As a result of research, the special program for processing any factorial experiment has been developed. The obtained complex of mathematical models makes it possible to determine the coefficient of smoke formation with fair accuracy.
Key words: multivariate experiment, floorings, smoke-forming ability, computer programs, mathematical model, response surface, fire hazard.
- REFERENCES
1. Adler Ju. P., Markova E. V., Granovskiy Ju. V. Planirovaniye eksperimenta pri poiske optimal'nykh usloviy [Planning of experiment when searching optimal conditions]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1976. 275 p. (In Russian).
2. Ermakov S. M. Matematicheskaya teoriya planirovaniya eksperimenta [The mathematical theory of experiment planning]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1983. 392 p. (In Russian).
3. Grigoryeva M. P., Eremina T. Yu., Konstantinova N. I. The study of smoke forming ability of floorings. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 3, pp. 25-31. (In Russian).
4. Grigoryeva M. P. Smoke emission by thermal oxidative decomposition of floorings. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferenciy "Problemy tehnosfernoy bezopasnosti". Moscow, Academy of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, 2016. Pp. 184-187. (In Russian).
5. Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registracii programmy dlja JeVM ¹ 2016616715. Programma dlya rascheta parametrov pozharnoy opasnosti polimernykh materialov s primeneniem metodov faktornogo analiza [The program for calculating the parameters of fire hazard of polymeric materials with application of methods of factor analysis]. E. M. Alekhin, M. P. Grigoryeva. 17.06.2016. (In Russian).
6. Murtaf B. Sovremennoe lineynoe programmirovaniye [Modern linear programming]. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1984. 224 p. (In Russian).
7. Batishev A. A., et al. Sovremennoe zdanie. Konstrukcii i materialy [The modern building. Designs and materials]. St. Petersburg, Novoe Publ., 2006. 620 p. (In Russian).
8. Förster E., Rönz B. Metody korreljacionnogo i regressionnogo analiza [Methods of correlation and regression analysis]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika Publ., 1983. 304 p. (In Russian).
9. Lankaster P. Teoriya matric [Matrix theory]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973. 280 p. (In Russian).
10. Novickiy P. V., Zograf I.A. Ocenka pogreshnosti rezul'tatov izmereniy [The estimation of uncertainty of measurement results]. Leningrad, Jenergoatomizdat, Publ., 1991. 304 p. (In Russian).
11. Hirschler M. M. Smoke and heat release and ignitability as measures of fire hazard from burning of carpet tiles. Fire Safety, 1992, vol. 18, pp. 305-324.
- For citation: Alekhin E. M., Grigoryeva M. P., Eremina T. Yu., Konstantinova N. I. Settlement-Analytical Method for Evaluating Smoke-Forming Ability of Floorings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 67-71. (In Russian).
- HEAT SUPPLY, VENTILATION, AIR CONDITIONING, LIGHTING
- Aeroionic Conditions in Rooms with Plenum and Exhaust Mechanical Ventilation
- UDC 628.854
Andrey G. RYMAROV, e-mail: rymarov@yandex.ru
Daria V. ABRAMKINA, e-mail: dabramkina@ya.ru
Valeriy U. KRAVCHUK, e-mail: valerik_kravchuk@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The degree of air ionization significantly affects the human health and well-being. In mechanical ventilation systems occurs the denaturation of ambient air. The presence of reactive oxygen species in the air of the working zone intensifies the redox processes of the human body, increases efficiency and resistance to various diseases. Reducing the concentration of positive and negative small ions in the inner air space below the sanitary-hygienic standard causes human fatigue and drowsiness, while long-term stay in this room provokes the development of chronic diseases. Thus, the ventilation system should provide not only required internal temperature and humidity, but also the concentration of ions in the room. Mechanisms of the change in the concentration of light aeroins are considered: their polar recombination, diffusion and adsorption on aerosol particles and internal enclosing structures of premises. Within the study, there has been made the non-stationary calculation of the aeroionic mode in the insulated room with impenetrable enclosing structures equipped with the mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation. It is assumed that at the initial time, the concentration of ions is within the sanitary-hygienic norms. The aim of the calculation is to determine the dynamics of aeroions concentration and the onset of equilibrium. According to the results of the study, recommendations for achieving and maintaining the required level of ionization of the indoor air in the premise are proposed.
Key words: aeroionic mode, intensity of ions generation, mechanical ventilation, air denaturation, ion recombination, ion diffusion, ion adsorption.
- REFERENCES
1. Gubernskij Ju. D., Leshhikov V. A., Rahmanin Ju. A. Ekologicheskie osnovy stroitel'stva zhilyh i obshhestvennyh zdanij [Ecological basis for the construction of residential and public buildings]. Moscow, MGU Publ., 2004. 253 p. (In Russian).
2. Abdrahimov Ju. R., Vadulina N. V., Fedosov A. V. Conducting the certification of workplaces equipped with PC (on the example of JSC Design Institute "Bashkirgradzhanproekt")]. Neftegazovoe delo, 2012, no. 4, pp. 250-255. (In Russian).
3. Zaharchenko M. P., Bovtjushko V. G., Havinson V. H., Gubernskij Ju. D. Ionizacija vozdushnoj sredy i zdorov'e [Air ionization and health]. St. Petersburg, Nordmedizdat Publ., 2002. 200 p. (In Russian).
4. Rymarov A. G. Formation of aeroionic mode of a building. Santehnika, otoplenie, kondicionirovanie, 2010, no. 4, pp. 68-71. (In Russian).
5. Hõrrak U., Salm J., Komsaare K, Luts A., Vana M., Tammet H. Problem of Ionization Rate in the Research of Atmospheric Aerosols. XV international conference on atmospheric electricity, 15-20 June 2014, Norman, Oklahoma, USA, pp. 1-6.
6. Hõrrak U. Air ion mobility spectrum at a rural area. PhD thesis, University of Tartu, Estonia, 2001. 80 p.
7. Smuhnin P. N., Kazancev B. A. Kurs otoplenija i ventiljacii [Course of heating and ventilation]. Moscow, VIA im. V. V. Kujbysheva Publ., 1951. 484 p. (In Russian).
8. Fletcher L. A., Noakes C. J., Sleigh P. A., Beggs C. B. Air ion behaviour in ventilated rooms. Indoor and Built Environment, 2008, no. 17(2), pp. 173-182.
9. Noakes C. J., Sleigh P. A., Beggs C. B. Modelling the air cleaning performance of negative air ionisers in ventilated rooms. Proc. of the 10th international conference on air distribution in rooms - Roomvent 2007. 13-15 June 2007, Helsinki. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303547423 (accessed 2.03.2017).
10. Lysenko A. V., Tajutina T. V., Nedoruba E. A. Impact assessment of the degree of ionization of the air environment on the functional state of the organism of athletes. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovanija, 2014, no. 4, pp. 252-260. (In Russian).
- For citation: Rymarov A. G., Abramkina D. V., Kravchuk V. U. Aeroionic Conditions in Rooms with Plenum and Exhaust Mechanical Ventilation. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 72-75. (In Russian).
- ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF CONSTRUCTION AND MUNICIPAL FACILITIES
- Field Surveys of Residential Development on the Subject of Energy Impact of Buildings on Microclimatic Conditions of Courtyard Space
- UDC 69.003:658.011.8
Yuri A. SUMERKIN, e-mail: sumerk1n@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Due to the high rate of urbanization and densification of urban development, the extraordinary importance of the identification of environmental problems of the urban environment, the physical phenomena which accompany the daily activities of a person, is acquired. One of these phenomena, which still does not have a proper assessment in urban planning, is the ability of anthropogenic surfaces reflects and generates radiation, providing thermal effects on humans. The lack of environmental substantiation allows the uncontrolled and often incorrect use of different materials in construction and landscaping. The effect of "urban heat Islands" creates a special microclimate of suburban territories, courtyard spaces particularly. To determine the least and the most dangerous areas of the yard in the warm season, instrumental studies have been conducted. The factors, which make the major contribution to the magnitude of thermal effects on humans, were determined. The influence of anthropogenic surfaces on the quantitative characteristic of thermal impact has been instrumentally recorded. An ecological problem for characteristic areas of courtyard associated with the formation of their microclimate which does not meet hygienic norms for the same external effects (air temperature, humidity, wind speed) has been identified.
Key words: environmental safety, urban planning, microclimate of residential courtyard, identification of environmental problems, index of thermal impact of environment.
- REFERENCES
1. Okhrana okruzhayushchey prirodnoy sredy: prakticheskoe posobie [The protection of the environment: a practical guide]. FGUP "TsENTRINVESTproekt". Moscow, 2006. (In Russian).
2. Krasnoshokova N. S. Resource conservation and formation of a natural skeleton in the General plans of cities: theory, methodology, practice. Resource and energy conservation as a factor of sustainable development of cities and territories. Moscow, 2004. Pp. 164-173. (In Russian).
3. Akhmedova E. A., Yakovlev I. N. Planning aspects perspective transformation of agglomerations. Academia. Architectura i stroitelstvo, 2009, no. 1, pp. 40-45. (In Russian).
4. Isakov S. V., Shklyaev V. A. Summary Definition of the influence of antropogennoizmennyh surfaces on the emergence of urban heat island effect "using geographic information systems. Vestnik OGU, 2014, no. 1 (162), pp. 178-182. (In Russian).
5. Gijasov À. Investigation of heat wind processes at model cities housing estates with hot-calm climate condition. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura, 1989, no. 6, pp. 43-47. (In Russian).
6. Konstantinov P. I. Change microclimate in Moscow in the first half of the twenty-first century when global climate change and variety of scenarios built metropolis. Problemy regional'noy ekologii, 2010, no. 2, pp. 111-114. (In Russian).
7. How a London skyscraper melted a Jaguar, and the American hotel burned tourists. Available at: http://tverdyi-znak.livejournal.com/1341097.html (accessed 12.11.2016). (In Russian).
8. Sumerkin J. A., Telichenko V. I. Parameters of evaluation of environmental safety of infill development when reconstructing existing urban areas. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 2, pp. 82-87. (In Russian).
9. R 2.2.2006-05. Gigiena truda. Rukovodstvo po gigienicheskoy otsenke faktorov rabochey sredy i trudovogo protsessa. Kriterii i klassifikatsiya usloviy truda [Occupational health. Guide on hygienic assessment of factors working environment and labor process. Criteria and classification of working conditions]. Available at: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200040973. (accessed 12.11.2016). (In Russian).
- For citation: Sumerkin Y. A. Field Surveys of Residential Development on the Subject of Energy Impact of Buildings on Microclimatic Conditions of Courtyard Space. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel 'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 5, pp. 76-80. (In Russian).