- JUBILEE OF ORGANIZATION
- To the 90-th Anniversary of Chair of Architecture of Civil and Public Buildings of MISI-MGSU
- Feofanova A. I., Sokolova I. V., Stratiy P. V., Plotnikov A. A.
- Scientist, Teacher, Organizer, Social Activist
- Maklakova T. G.
- Main Directions of Practical Implementation of Research Work of the Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings of MGSU
- UDC 378.669(47-25):725.001.5:69
Pavel V. STRATIY, e-mail: limited@list.ru
Tatiana N. SHCHELOKOVA, e-mail: t.shchelova@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article tells about the origins of the department, about the change of its leaders and the formation of leading research activities of the department - studies in the field of lighting technology and sun exposure, visibility and visual perception, acoustics and sound insulation, protection from noise and vibration, thermal physics and climatology, durability and reconstruction of buildings and structures, establishment of the movement patterns of human flows. The article gives a description of the practical application of the research activities of the department, in part of the study of design and reconstruction of buildings and structures. The article also describes the specific objects, set tasks and works conducted at each object. These works served as the basis for candidate of technical sciences' theses and development of patents on scientific inventions of the chair's employees, reports and presentations of students and staff at the scientific conferences.
Key words: Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings, research areas of Department activities, practical application, survey, design of buildings and structures, enveloping structures.
- REFERENCES
1. Solov'ev A. K. Hollow tubular light conductors and their application for natural lighting of buildings. Svetotekhnika, 2011, no. 5, pp. 41-47. (In Russian).
2. Solov'ev A. K. Assessment of lighting of rooms with application of the theory of the light field. Svetotekhnika, 2013, no. 4, pp. 66-68. (In Russian).
3. Murav'eva N. A., Solov'ev A. K. Researches of nature of distribution of natural cylindrical illumination in rooms with side natural lighting. Svetotekhnika, 2015, no. 6, pp. 27- 30. (In Russian).
4. Solov'ev A. K., Sun' Ifen. Influence of characteristics of a svetoproyem on energy consumption of office building in a climatic zone with hot summer and in the cold winter in China. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 9, pp. 31-38. (In Russian).
5. Murav'eva N. A., Solov'ev A. K. System of determination of the required parameters of the natural light environment in rooms by criterion of a saturation natural light. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 132-137. (In Russian).
6. Stetskii S. V., Larionova K. O. Shadowing effect of surrounding buildings in case of natural overhead lighting systems of civil buildings. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 9, pp. 44-47. (In Russian).
7. Stetskiy S. V., Larionova K. O. Natural light design in premises with roof natural lighting system with consideration of lighting effects of the surrounding housing. Vestnik MGSU, 2014, no. 12, pp. 20-30. (In Russian).
8. Stetskiy S. V., Larionova K. O. Lighting properties of surrounding development when calculating the natural illumination in premises of embedded buildings with natural upper lighting system. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 3, pp. 69-73. (In Russian).
9. Stetskii S. V., Larionova K. O. Impact of surrounding development on daylight levels in premises of embedded buildings with natural upper lighting systems. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 11, pp. 77-80. (In Russian).
10. Larionova K. O. Lighting engineering influence of surrounding buildings in rooms with natural overhead lighting. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 14, pp. 94-98. (In Russian).
11. Larionova K. O. Field and theoretic studies of natural lighting in spaces with overhead lighting system with the consideration of light engineering influence of surrounding buildings. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 13, pp. 58-62. (In Russian).
12. Stetskiy S. V., Guanlun Chen'. Optimal constructive, planning and geometrical solutions of light wells for multystoried production buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 12, pp. 84-86. (In Russian).
13. Stetskiy S. V., Guanlun Chen'. Constructive and planning solutions of multystoried production buildings when providing in them natural lighting through light wells. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 3, pp. 70-72. (In Russian).
14. Stetskiy S. V. Stationary sun-protection means as a factor of architectural expressiveness of buildings and providing the comfortable microclimatic internal modes in their rooms for conditions of hot solar climate. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2014, no. 7-2, pp. 572-579. (In Russian).
15. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Multiple-factor approach to an assessment of quality of the design solution of designs of an external wall and window filling. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 14, pp. 54-59. (In Russian).
16. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Creation and assessment of comfort of internal inhabited habitat. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka, 2012, no. 4(159), pp. 50-52. (In Russian).
17. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Physical and mathematical analogies of distribution of a sound, heat and light. Rossiyskiy nauchnyy zhurnal, 2014, no. 3(41), pp. 272-277. (In Russian).
18. Nikonova E. V. Using layered elastic strips to insulate noise impact in the construction of floors. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 21, pp. 85-88. (In Russian).
19. Gerasimov A. I., Nikonova E. V. Revised method for calculating impact sound insulation by intermediate floor with floor on elastic strips coated with rolled materials. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 19, pp. 67-71. (In Russian).
20. Gerasimov A. I., Nikonova E. V. Designing the sound insulation of inserted floor constructions in residential houses. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2014, no. 7-1, pp. 108-112. (In Russian).
21. Gerasimov A. I., Nikonova E. V. Soundproofing multilayer partitions considering the wavelength constants of sound-absorbing material made of ISOVER mineral fiber. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 142-145. (In Russian).
22. Plotnikov A. A., Stratiy P. V. Numerical-analytical method of calculating insulated double-glazed units deflection under climatic (internal) load. Vestnik MGSU, 2014, no. 12, pp. 70-76. (In Russian).
23. Stratiy P. V. Influence of geometric parameters of double-glass panes on glass deformations under climatic load. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 185-189. (In Russian).
24. Plotnikov A. A., Stratiy P. V. Calculation of climatic load exerted on a double-glass pane based on the example of Moscow. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 190-194. (In Russian).
25. Stratiy P. V., Boriskina I. V., Plotnikov A. A. Climate load on igu. Vestnik MGSU, 2011, no. 2-2, pp. 262. (In Russian).
26. Plotnikov A. A. Architectural and engineering principles and innovations in the construction of glass-facade buildings. Vestnik MGSU, 2015, no. 11, pp. 7-15. (In Russian).
27. Belkin A. N., Dormidontova V. V. Organic decentralization by Eliel Saarinen and the modern city. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 12, pp. 40-43. (In Russian).
28. Belkin A. N., Gol'tsov I. N., Filippov E. V. Ecohouse: energy efficiency and ecological compatibility. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 7, pp. 41-43. (In Russian).
29. Belkin A. N. The perspective direction of development of town-planning culture in Russia. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa - Lesnoy vestnik, 2015, no. 5, vol. 19, pp. 17-22. (In Russian).
30. Belkin A. N. History and modernity in the architecture of an orthodox christian temple. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 8, pp. 164-167. (In Russian).
31. Solov'ev K. A., Dragushin N. S. Town-planning, development and reconstruction of contemporary cities. Arkhitektura i stroitel'stvo Rossii, 2014, no. 5, pp. 22-29. (In Russian).
32. Solov'ev K. A. Town planning and historical and cultural environment of a russian city. Sotsiologiya goroda, 2013, no. 2, pp. 24-33. (In Russian).
- ARCHITECTURE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES. TOWN PLANNING
- Improving the Educational System and Scientific-Design Activity on the Basis of Methodology of Spatial Organization of Settlements
- UDC 711:378.669
Yury V. ALEKSEEV, e-mail: alexeev_grado@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Among the reasons for problems in educational, scientific, design activity that affect the construction industry and therefore the professions of city planner, architect, and builder, it is necessary to note shortcomings of higher education and organization of scientific-design activity. One of the methods to overcome these problems is to create conditions providing the liquidation of the gap between the understanding and solution of problems peculiar to urban development, architectural, and construction professions. Such conditions include the development of educational and scientific-design base for training of bachelors, masters, post-graduates, improving their qualification on the basis of methodology of the spatial organization of settlements which provides a common understanding of tasks when forming training plans, working programs, scientific-methodical literature etc. The model, which conventionally represents the designed environment of settlements, buildings and structures and includes four interconnected and interacting objects determining the order of transformation and intervention in nature, has been developed. The progress in the acquisition and accumulation of scientific knowledge on the basis of methodology of spatial organization of settlements makes it possible to plan the quality of living environment at established directions and temps of improving the territorial-spatial development and components of the model's objects.
Key words: management and organization of urban planning activity, components of spatial objects, model of spatial organization of urban planning structures, methodology of spatial organization of settlements.
- REFERENCES
1. Karavaeva E. V. The recommended algorithm for the design of higher education programmes. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2014, no. 8-9, pp. 5-15. (In Russian).
2. Mosicheva I. A. Implementation of Executive education programmes in terms of improving the regulatory framework of vocational education. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2011, no. 8-9, pp. 31-44. (In Russian).
3. Bednyy B. I. Role and structure of educational training in graduate school of a new type. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2013, no. 12, pp. 78-89. (In Russian).
4. Alekseev Yu. V., Pronin E.S. Architectural preparation in construction higher education institution. Sel'skoe stroitel'stvo, 1992, no. 6, pp. 30-32. (In Russian).
5. Alekseev Yu. V. Gradostroitel'nye osnovy razvitiya i rekonstruktsiya zhiloi zastroiki [Town-planning bases of development and reconstruction of a housing estate]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009. 640 p. (In Russian).
6. Tatur Yu. G. How to increase the objectivity of the measurement and evaluation of educational outcomes. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2010, no. 5, pp. 23-34.
- Architecture as an Art Form and Scope of World Culture
- UDC 72.01+72.03
Kirill A. SOLOVIEV, e-mail: k.solovev@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article considers topical issues of development of architectural thought as an art form. It is noted that the architecture creates the aesthetic environment of the society, also the architecture is an important tool of creation of the spatial environment. On the one hand, the architecture is an important element of the material and spatial environment of human, and on the other hand, the architecture is a set of results of material (buildings and facilities) and intangible (ideals, values, human knowledge and experience) activity of people. Different architectural styles and directions determine the epoch, social-economic level of the country development; they are important elements of the cultural development of the society. Closely associated with different forms of construction activity, the architecture is the only art form, which works can change the face of the planet, the earth as a place of human habitation, adapting the reality of natural forms to material and spiritual human needs, which can cause deep feelings and emotions.
Key words: architecture, construction, spatial environment of society, construction activities, art features, tectonic imagery of architecture.
- REFERENCES
1. Mark Vitruviy Pollion. Desyat knig ob arkhitekture [Mark Vitruvius Pollion. Ten books on architecture] Moscow, Lenard Publ., 2015. 320 p. (In Russian).
2. Gegel G. V. F. Lektsii po estetike [Lectures on aesthetics] St. Petersburg, Nauka-Spb Publ., 2007. Vol. 2. 680 p. (In Russian).
3. Nekrasov A. I. Teoriya Arkhitektury [Theory of Architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1991. Pp. 280-281.(In Russian).
4. Arkhitektura kak vid iskusstva. [Architecture as art form] http://build.rin.ru/cgi-bin/arch/ arch_elem_gal.pl?id=49&id_razd=18 (accessed 25.03.2016). (In Russian).
5. Belkin A. N. Dormidontova V. V. Organic decentralization by Eliel Saarinen and the modern city. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 12, pp. 40-43. (In Russian).
6. Belkin A. N. History and modernity in the architecture of an orthodox christian temple. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 8, pp. 164-167. (In Russian).
7. Belkin A. N. Ob obraze pravoslavnogo khrama [About the image of the orthodox temple]. Nauka, obrazovanie i eksperimental'noe proektirovanie : doklady mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. Moscow, MarkhI Publ., 2014. Pp. 222-223. (In Russian).
8. Pankratova A. A., Solov'ev A. K. Problems of preservation and use of historical building in a modern city architecture. Vestnik MGSU, 2015, no. 7, pp. 7-16. (In Russian).
9. Solov'ev K. A. Assumption Cathedral of the city of Dmitrov-500 years of history. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta, 2013, no. 3, pp. 11. (In Russian).
10. Solov'ev K. A. Town planning and historical and cultural environment of the Russian city. Sotsiologiya goroda, 2013, no. 2, pp. 24-33. (In Russian).
- Reconstruction Of Cinemas In Moscow
- UDC 72.025.5
Alexander N. BELKIN, e-mail: an.belkin@mail.ru
Maria A. ZHEREBINA, e-mail: m.a.zherebina@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstracts. The article is devoted to the started reconstruction of 39 movie theaters of Moscow constructed during the semi-centennial period of 1938-1988. The main idea of reconstruction consists in creation of the local centers of gravity for areas useful to inhabitants and commercially expedient. The importance of reconstruction as a natural, logical stage in the life of the building is emphasized. The first round of the competitive program involved two movie theaters - "Varshava" and "Voskhod", it was won by a consortium of three architectural bureaus - the Spectrum + EMBT + A2OM, and the Russian-Dutch bureau SVESMI. The second round included "Sofiya", "Angara", "Mechta", and "Kirgiziya", the victory was won here by the British bureau of Amanda Livit in cooperation with the Russian bureau ABD architects headed by Boris Levyant. Historical, functional and composite features of the reconstructed buildings are shown. Critical assessment is given to the architectural concepts proposed by competition winners from the point of view of the functional content, quality of architectural composition, compliance with the urban planning environment and the historical and cultural importance of objects of reconstruction.
Key words: reconstruction, cinemas, public-cultural center, trading center, urban environment, architecture, Moscow.
- REFERENCES
1. Aurov V. V. Obshchestvennye zdaniya [Public buildings] (Rekonstruktsiya i modernizatsiya zdaniy i kompleksov). Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1987. 128 ð. (In Russian).
2. Belkin A. N. Three facades of the TSUM. Razvitie i ekonomika, 2011, no. 1, pp. 74-76. (In Russian).
3. Bulgakov S. N. Rekonstruktsiya zhilykh zdaniy [Reconstruction of residential buildings]. Moscow, GUP TsPP Publ., 1999. 248 p. (In Russian).
4. Startoval konkurs na redevelopment dvukh moskovskikh kinoteatrov "Varshava" i "Voskhod" [Started competition for the redevelopment of two Moscow cinema "Varshava" and "Voskhod"]. Novosti Arkhsoveta Moskvy. Available at: http://archsovet.msk.ru/article/ konkursy/startoval-konkurs-na-redevelopment- dvuh-moskovskih-kinoteatrov-varshava-i-voshod (accessed 09.10.2015). (In Russian).
5. Mironov V. "Stil'nyy demokratizm": kak budut vyglyadet' kinoteatry "Voskhod" i "Varshava" ["Style democracy": what will look like the cinema "Voskhod" and "Varshava"]. RBK Nedvizhimost'. Available at: http://realty.rbc.ru/articles/27/01/ 2016/562949999394108.shtml (accessed 27.01.2016). (In Russian).
6. Redevelopment moskovskikh kinoteatrov: chetyre pilotnykh proekta [Redevelopment of Moscow's theaters: four pilot project]. Novosti Arkhsoveta Moskvy. Available at: http://archsovet.msk.ru/article/ gorod/redevelopment-moskovskih-kinoteatrov- chetyre-pilotnyh-proekta (accessed 09.03.2016). (In Russian).
7. Ob"yavleny itogi 1 etapa konkursa na redevelopment kinoteatrov "Varshava" i "Voskhod" [Announced results of phase 1 of the competition for the redevelopment of the cinema "Varshava" and "Voskhod"]. Novosti Arkhsoveta Moskvy. Available at: http://archsovet.msk.ru/article/ konkursy/ob-yavleny-itogi-1-etapa-konkursa-na- redevelopment-kinoteatrov-varshava-i-voshod. (accessed 27.11.2015). (In Russian).
8. Ob"yavleny pobediteli konkursa na redevelopment kinoteatrov [Winners announced for the redevelopment of the cinemas]. Novosti Arkhsoveta Moskvy. Available at: http://archsovet.msk.ru/article/ konkursy/ob-yavleny-pobediteli-konkursa-na- redevelopment-kinoteatrov (accessed 27.01.2016). (In Russian).
9. Moiseev Yu. M., Shimko V. T. Obshchestvennye tsentry [Public centers] (Ser. Rekonstruktsiya i modernizatsiya zdaniy i kompleksov). Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1987. 96 p. (In Russian).
- Problems of Design of Transport-Interchange Hubs Taking into Account Organization of Movement of Human Flows
- UDC 711.553:625.712.34
Alexander S. DMITRIYEV, e-mail: yalac24@gmail.com
Victor D. YEVSTIGNEYEV, e-mail: victor88112@gmail.com
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. This work is a part of the program research on the problem of functional bases of design of buildings, structures and their complexes with due regard for the organization of movement of human flows which are carried out within several decades at the Department of Architecture of MGSU. Research topics are devoted to considering the motivation behavior of a person and a human flow as a whole in the course of movement on pedestrian ways in complexes of buildings and structures. Regularities of the movement process, key parameters and dependences between them which are a basis for simulating the process of human movement in pedestrian and communication complexes of an urban environment are investigated. The result of research effort is a combined methodology and rationing of pedestrian ways which is recommended for application in practice of architectural and construction design.
Key words: transfer hubs, human flows, system approach, ergonomics, regularities of movement, pedestrian communications, combined calculation method.
- REFERENCES
1. Predtechenskii V. M., Milinskii A. M. Proektirovanie zdanii s uchetom organizatsii dvizheniya lyudskikh potokov [Design of buildings taking into account the organization of the movement of human streams]. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1982. 386 p. (In Russian).
2. Avdot'in L. N. System approach to actual problems of the town-planning theory. Arkhitektura SSSR, 1968, no. 10, pp. 21-26. (In Russian).
3. Pavlova L. I. Model of placement of the centers of inclination of people. On buildings of Russia, 1973, no. 1, pp. 14-17. (In Russian).
4. Romm A. P. Quantitative methods of creation of viable ways of the movement. Proektirovshchik, 1969, no. 2, pp. 8-12. (In Russian).
5. Dmitriev A. S., Aleksakov G. N. Analog modeling in the solution of some problems of architectural and construction design. Materialy regional'noi konferentsii "Osobennosti proektirovaniya i stroitel'stva zhil'ya dlya raionov Zapadnoi Sibiri" [The materials of regional conference "Peculiarities of design and construction of housing to areas of Western Siberia"]. Novokuznetsk, SMI Publ. , 1990, pp. 20-22. (In Russian).
6. Dmitriev A. S. The combined method of calculation of the movement of human streams in peshekhodno-communication complexes. Materialy III mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii "Tendentsii razvitiya stroitel'stva, teplogazosnabzheniya i energoobespecheniya" [Proceedings of the III Intern. scientific-practical conference "Development Trends of construction, heat and energy supply"]. STAU im. N. I. Vavilova. 17-18 marta 2016 g. Saratov, STAU Publ., 2016. Pp. 86-90. (In Russian).
7. Dmitriev A. S., Feofanova A. I. Formation of the modern environment of activity taking into account the organization of process of the movement of people on city communications. Materialy III mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii "Tendentsii razvitiya stroitel'stva, teplogazosnabzheniya i energoobespecheniya" [Proceedings of the III Intern. scientific-practical conference "Development Trends of construction, heat and energy supply"]. STAU im. N. I. Vavilova. 17-18 marta 2016 g. Saratov, STAU Publ., 2016. Pp. 91-96. (In Russian).
- Computational-Experimental Studies of Wind Effects for Residential Complexes in Moscow
- UDC 711.581:721.001
Olga I. PODDAEVA, e-mail: unpl@mgsu.ru
Ilya V.DUNICHKIN, e-mail: ecse@bk.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The actual issues of computational and experimental studies of wind effects on the example of high-rise residential complexes in Moscow objects for substantiation of design solutions are considered. The comparison of results of the study of architectural and construction aerodynamics conducted at the Chair of architecture of civil and industrial buildings of MISI-MGSU has been made. Various criteria of comfort, which are used as recommendations for designing of a residential development, are presented. Results of the physical study in the Big gradient wind tunnel at the Educational Research and Production Laboratory of Aerodynamic and Aero-acoustic Tests of Building Constructions as well as numerical simulation of wind effects and bioclimatic comfortability are also presented. In addition, the methodology of computational-experimental studies of wind effect on the areas of urban development and developed design solutions for integrated improvement for compensation of bioclimatic discomfort are shown.
Key words: aeration, architectural and construction aerodynamics, bioclimatic comfort, development density, windproof designs, small architectural forms, velocity field, weighted average velocity.
- REFERENCES
1. Dunichkin I. V., Zhukov D. A., Zolotarev A. A. Influence of aerodynamic parameters of high-rise development on microclimate and aeration of urban environment. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 9, pp. 39-41. (In Russian).
2. Egorychev O. O., Dunichkin I. V. The issues of forecasting the climate of the urban environment to assess potential wind power development. Vestnik MGSU, 2013, no. 6, pp. 123-131. (In Russian).
3. Kovalenko P. P., Orlova L. N. Gorodskaya klimatologiya [Urban climatology]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1993. 134 p. (In Russian).
4. Myagkov M. S. Example of modeling of microclimatic conditions for Volgograd. Vestnik VolgGASU. Ser. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura, 2013, iss. 32(51), pp. 220-228. (In Russian).
5. Myagkov M. S., Alekseeva L. I. Features wind conditions typical forms of urban development. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies, 2014, no. 1(26), pp. 4 (In Russian).
6. Ilvitskaya S. V., Polyakov I. A. Stages of development of architecture and nature as a single system. Journal of Natural and Technical Sciences, 2014, no. 11-12(78), ðp. 443-444. (In Russian).
7. Churin P. S., Poddaeva O. I., Egorychev O. O. Designing of models unique buildings and structures in experimental aerodynamics. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik Povolzh'ya, 2014, no. 5, pp. 332-335. (In Russian).
8. Gagarin V. G., Guvernyuk S. V., Kubenin A. S., Sinyavin A. A. Questions of application of modern computer technology to solve practical problems of building aerodynamics. Bulletin of the Department of Civil Engineering of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Building Sciences, 2014, no. 18, pp. 151. (In Russian).
9. Egorychev O. O., Churin P. S., Poddaeva O. I. Eõðårimental study of aerodynamic loads on high-rise buildings. Advanced Materials Research, 2015, vol. 1082, pp. 250-253.
- BUILDING STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
- «Passive Houses» and Energy Efficiency of Their Architectural and Structural Elements
- UDC 699.86
Alexey K. SOLOVEV, e-mail: kafedraarxitektury@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. "Passive" houses are buildings in which architectural and construction means of improving their energy efficiency are used. An analysis of different elements of a "passive house" which provide the economy of energy for heating by means of methods of architectural and structural design without the use of engineering equipment is presented. It is noted that such methods of design of energy efficient "passive buildings" under climatic conditions of Russia give significant energy saving for heating. But for significant saving of "primary" energy, i. e. energy used for all household needs, it is necessary to use the active systems of utilization of non-traditional energy sources. The greatest effect can be reached, when "passive" and "active" systems work together. Separately, such elements of the passive use of solar energy for house heating, as the "Tromb-Michel wall" and attached winter garden - greenhouse, as well as atriums are considered. It is shown that the energy saving for heating of buildings with the use of these elements is achieved not only because of heating by the sun, but also by creating the "buffer zone", which ensures the balance between outside and inside environment. As a result, a definition of "passive" house, which makes it possible to use of this notion in architectural design purposefully, is formulated.
Key words: passive house, energy efficiency, engineering equipment, primary energy, active systems, non-traditional sources of energy.
- REFERENCES
1. Solov'ev A. K. Hollow tubular light conductors and their application for natural lighting of buildings. Svetotekhnika, 2011, no. 5, pp. 41-47. (In Russian).
2. Stetskii S. V., Larionova K. O. The shading influence of surrounding building at system of the top natural lighting of civil buildings. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 9, pp. 44-47. (In Russian).
3. Larionova K.O. The lighting influence surrounding buildings in rooms with system of the top natural lighting. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 14, pp. 94-98. (In Russian).
4. Stetskii S. V., Larionova K. O. To a question of calculation of natural illumination in rooms with system of the top natural lighting taking into account lighting influence of surrounding building. Vestnik MGSU, 2014, no. 12, pp. 20-30. (In Russian).
5. Stetskii S. V., Larionova K. O. Lighting properties of the resisting building when calculating natural illumination of the buried rooms with system of the top natural lighting. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 3, pp. 69-73. (In Russian).
6. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Multiple-factor approach to an assessment of quality of the design solution of designs of an external wall and window filling. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 14, pp. 54-59. (In Russian).
7. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Creation and assessment of comfort of internal inhabited habitat. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka, 2012, no. 4(159), pp. 50-52. (In Russian).
8. Gagarin V. G. Macroeconomic aspects of justification of energy saving actions at increase of a heat-shielding of the protecting designs. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2010, no. 3, pp. 8-16. (In Russian).
9. Kusnetsov A. L., Oseledets E. Ju., Solovyov A. K., Stolyarov M. V. Experience of application of hollow tubular light guides for natural illumination in Russia. Light &Engineering, 2012, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 40-49.
10. Passive House Institute. Darmstadt [Ïàññèâíûé èíñòèòóò äîìà]. URL: http://passive.de (accessed 02.06.2015).
11. Khokhlova L. P. Cottages with solar power supply. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2005, no. 8, pp. 14-19. (In Russian).
12. Solov'ev A. K. Solar architecture (comfort and economy of energy). Krasivye doma, 2000, no. 1, pp. 29-31. (In Russian).
- Reducing the Distorting Curvature of Glass Packets Due To Partial Rarefaction of Internal Air
- UDC 692.829
Pavel V. STRATIY, e-mail: limited@list.ru
Egor A. LUCHKIN, e-mail: egor.luch@gmail.com
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Now, as translucent structures for facade glazing of public and civil buildings, glass packets are most often used. However, a double-glazed window, because of its tightness, is subjected to deformation as a consequence of climatic load. Due to its design features the glass packet operates as a vessel with flexible walls, that's why the variation of pressure or air temperature leads to the appearance of distorting curvature. The article describes mechanical properties of the pre-stressed glass packet due to the partial rarefaction of indoor air in order to reduce the distorting curvature and possibilities of its application in facade systems. The calculation of the pre-stressed glass packet with two different calculation schemes with the use of the finite element method in the program complex LIRA-SAPR 2013R3 is made. The stress-strain state of the glass plate in the most dangerous sections is analyzed, critical stresses are defined according to the energy theory of Huber-Hencky Mises. It is concluded that the creation of glass packet is possible with the use of spacers providing the even distribution of forces in the glass that leads to reducing the distorting curvature.
Key words: pre-stressed glass packet, distorting curvature, air rarefaction, mechanical characteristics of glass packet, climatic load.
- REFERENCES
1. Boriskina I. V., Plotnikov A. A., Zakharov A. V. Proektirovanie sovremennykh okonnykh sistem grazhdanskikh zdaniy [Design of modern window systems of civil buildings]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2003. 320 p. (In Russian).
2. Arkhitekturnye konstruktsii [Architectural design]. Pod red. A. V. Kuznetsova Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo Akademii Arkhitektury SSSR Publ., 1940. 722 p. (In Russian).
3. Behr R. A. Architectural glass to resist seismic and extreme climatic events. Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press, 2009. 260 p.
4. Stratiy P. V., Plotnikov A. A. Climate load windows. Vestnik MGSU, 2011, no. 2, vol. 2, pp. 262-267. (In Russian).
5. Stratiy P. V., Plotnikov A. A. The calculation of climate loads on the glazing on the example of Moscow. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 276-280. (In Russian).
6. Stratiy P. V., Plotnikov A. A. Influence of geometric parameters of glass on glass deformation under load climate. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 271-275. (In Russian).
7. Güsgen J., Sedlacek G., Blank K. Mechanical fundamentals for the design of structural glass members. Stahlbau, 1998, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 281-292.
8. Plotnikov A. A., Stratiy P. V. A method of manufacturing glass. Patent RF 2530857. 2014. Available at: http://www.freepatent.ru/patents/ 2530857 (accessed 19.03.2016). (In Russian).
9. Stratiy P. V. Numerical-analytical method of calculation of the deflections of the glass panes sealed climate (internal) load. Vestnik MGSU, 2014, no. 12, pp. 70-76. (In Russian).
10. Spravochnik po teorii uprugosti (dlya inzhenerov-stroiteley) [The Guide to the theory of elasticity (for civil engineers)]. Pod red. P. M. Varvarka, A. F. Ryabova, Kiev, Budivel'nik Publ., 1971. 418 p. (In Russian).
11. Krasnopol'skiy B. I., Chesnokov A. G., Chesnokov S. A. Numerical simulation and calculation of the strength properties of glass. Available at: http://glassinfo.ru/articles/2005_05_ modelirovanie_prochnosti_stekla.pdf (accessed 19.03.2016). (In Russian).
- Influence of Frequency Characteristics of Dynamic Rigidity of Rolled Materials on Improvement of Impact Noise Insulation with Overlapping
- UDC 699.844
Anatoly I. GERASIMOV, e-mail: GerasimovAI@mgsu.ru
Ekaterina V. NIKONOVA, e-mail: NikonovEV@mgsu.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. An actual problem of improving the impact noise insulation with floors with rolled and carpet coverings which are widely used in housing construction is considered. The ability of the floor covering to isolate impact noise is largely determined by physical-mechanical parameters of the material such as dynamic rigidity and loss factor. As practice shows linoleums and carpet materials can have permanent and variable plasticity that influences on the insulation of impact noise and accordingly on the internal micro-climatic environment of a premises. The proposed method for the insulation of impact noise with floors made of rolled materials makes it possible to make algorithm for performing calculations with the purpose to obtain dependences of relation of dynamic rigidity at the resonant frequency to its value at the current frequency. Unlike the traditional method this calculation method makes it possible to assess most fully the degree of sound insulation of structures of intermediate floors and choose the efficient option.
Key words: sound insulation, resonance, unit dynamic stiffness, impact sound level, physical and mechanical properties.
- REFERENCES
1. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Ñomplex characteristic of soundproofing of inserted floors in residential buildings. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2012, no. 5, pp. 375-385. (In Russian).
2. Bocman L. N., Tarasenko V. N. Some aspects of sound insulation enhancement in private housing construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 8, pp. 43-46. (In Russian).
3. Polevshikov A. S. Sound insulation of intermediate floors in residential buildings. Zhilishnoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 7, pp. 55-57. (In Russian).
4. Zaharov A. V. Discrete models of passage of waves for calculation of sound insulation in buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 11, pp. 50-53. (In Russian).
5. Saltykov I. P. Combined effect of the airborne and impact noise produced onto the sound insulation of inserted floors of residential buildings: theoretical aspects. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 10, pp. 45-50. (In Russian).
6. Gerasimov A. I., Nikonova E. V. Revised method for calculating impact sound insulation by intermediate floor with floor on elastic strips coated with rolled materials. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 19, pp. 67-71. (In Russian).
7. Cukernikov I. E., Tihomirov L. A., Solomatin E. O., Saltykov I. P., Kochkin N. A. Solution of building acoustic problems as a factor ensuring safety and comfort of habitation in buildings. Zhilishnoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 6, pp. 49-52. (In Russian). 8. Red'ko Yu. B. Measuring of impact noise insulation by internal enclosing structures in natural conditions. Krovel'nye i izoljàcionnye materialy, 2013, no. 2, pp. 24-27. (In Russian).
9. Gorin V. A., Klimenko V. V. To the assessment of impact noise insulation intercommunication overlaps with floors of wooden materials. Vestnik MGSU, 2011, no. 3-1, pp. 66-72. (In Russian).
- INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN CONSTRUCTION
- Software Package for Solution of Non-Stationary Thermo-Physical Problems by Enthalpy Method with Due Regard for Phase Transitions of Bound Moisture
- UDC 004.4:699.8
Alexander A. PLOTNIKOV, e-mail: plaa@zmail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The software package "TEMPA", developed at the Department of Architecture and the Department of Soil Mechanics, bases and foundations of IISS-MGRS, is considered. This software complex is intended for solving non-stationary thermo-physical problems with due regard for phase transitions of bound moisture in the spectrum of temperatures. The basic physical-mathematical model underlying the calculations is described. The list of basic research projects and pilot projects executed with the help of the software package "TEMPA" is presented. Options to solve engineering problems of calculating the temperature regime of frozen base of a residential house with cold piles, maximum snow thickness on the surface of translucent wall and thermal-technical calculation of the wall with thin-wall metal structures are shown. Presented examples of the calculation of thermal-physical problems in engineering-building design show wide possibilities to use the software package both in scientific studies and for solution of specific tasks, especially for construction in areas of the Extreme North.
Key words: enthalpy calculation method, frozen ground, "cold pile", snow on translucent roof, light steel thin-walled structures.
- REFERENCES
1. Shamsundar I., Sperrou E.M. Sparrow application of the method to the analysis of the enthalpy a multi-dimensional problem of heat conduction in the presence of a phase transition. Teploperedacha, 1975, no. 3, pp. 14-23. (In Russian).
2. Makarov V. I., Plotnikov A. A., Chumaevskii B. F. Construction of apartment buildings on stilts in the cold city of Mirny. III Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya po merzlotovedeniyu [III International Conference on Permafrost]. Ottava, 1978. Vol. 1. Pp. 820-825. (In Russian).
3. Plotnikov A. A. The calculation of the temperature regime of permafrost grounds. Energeticheskoe stroitel'stvo. 1978, no. 8, Pp. 70-73. (In Russian).
4. Plotnikov A. A. Chislennoe reshenie zadach teploprovodnosti v merzlykh gruntakh ental'piinym metodom. Termodinamicheskie aspekty mekhaniki merzlykh gruntov [Thermodynamic aspects of the mechanics of frozen soils]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1988. (In Russian).
5. Makarov V. I., Plotnikov A.A. K voprosu o primenenii zhidkostnykh termosifonov v severnom fundamentostroenii. Geokriologicheskie issledovaniya v Zapadnoi Yakutii. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1980. Pp. 26-40. (In Russian).
6. Plotnikov A. A. Temperaturnyi rezhim gruntov osnovaniya zhilogo doma s kholodnymi pomeshcheniyami pod zdaniem. Geokriologicheskie issledovaniya v Zapadnoi Yakutii. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1980. Pp. 102-107. (In Russian).
7. Konstantinov A. P. The process of snow accumulation at the exploited glass domes. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2010, no. 11, pp. 38-40. (In Russian).
8. Konstantinov A. P. Snow on translucent roofs of heated buildings. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 4, pp. 51-55. (In Russian).
9. Kornilov T. A., Gerasimov G. N. Some errors in design and construction of low-rise houses made of light steel thin-walled structures under conditions of the far north. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 3, pp. 41-45. (In Russian).
10. Tusnina V. M. Prospects of construction of affordable and comfortable housing on the basis of steel frameworks. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 6, pp. 43-46. (In Russian).
- Computer Technologies in Architectural and Construction Design
- UDC 004.92
Michael À. RYLKO, e-mail: misha11n@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Current technologies in architectural-construction design and the practice of their application in the educational process are considered. Information about the major software products and the types of computer models of designing objects and methods for their realization are presented. The evolution of ArchCAD from the programs of two-dimensional drawing to the completely integrated applications of information simulation of buildings is shown. The main attention is focused on capabilities of ArchCAD system which realizes the main concept of modern computer design in architecture BIM (Building Information Modeling). Data on extensions embedded in the installed program or operating in conjunction with ArchCAD as well as about the complex of programs Archi Suite, which make it possible to solve various problems arising in the course of computer simulation of buildings, are given. The practice of the use of the ArchiCAD program in the educational process of MGRS at Departments of architecture and building design as well as examples of student works are presented.
Key words: computer technologies, virtual model, information model, CAD, BIM-technology, educational process.
- REFERENCES
1. Talapov V. V. Tekhnologiya BIM. Sut i osobennosti vnedreniya informatsionnogo modelirovaniya zdanii [BIM technology. Essence and features of introduction of information modeling of buildings]. Moscow, DMK-Press Publ., 2015. 410 p. (In Russian).
2. Ryl'ko M. A. Vozmozhnosti primeneniya sistemy komp'yuternogo proektirovaniya ArchiCAD v praktike studencheskogo proektirovaniya [The possibility of applying the system of computer-aided design ArchiCAD student in the practice of design] : sb. nauch. tr. Instituta stroitel'stva i arkhitektury. Iss. 2. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2009. Pp. 91-92. (In Russian).
3. Mikhailin M. V. Sozdanie v sisteme ArchiCAD virtual'nykh modelei utrachennykh pamyatnikov arkhitektury Moskvy na primere Krasnykh vorot [Creation in the ArchiCAD system of virtual models of the lost monuments of architecture of Moscow on the example of Red gate]. Proc. konf. Moscow, MGSU, 2005. Pp. 23-24. (In Russian).
- HEAT SUPPLY, VENTILATION, AIR CONDITIONING, LIGHTING
- Sun Protection of Premises in Industrial Buildings with Natural Lighting through the System of Lighting Wells
- UDC 628.9:725.4
Sergey V. STETSKY, e-mail: AGPZ@mgsu.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article considerås the problems of sun protection in multi-storey industrial buildings with daylighting wells, as a source of natural illumination of interiors. Research was conducted under real natural conditions in the course of upgrading of the existing factory multi-storey block at the south-west of China under sub-tropical conditions. It was determined, that lighting wells which are a modification of roof zenith lights, besides improving the light environment in the premises, have some negative consequences and significantly increase the time of their insolation. This leads to additional overheating of premises, uncomfortable luminance and glares that requires the implementation of effective sun protection that is the use of natural (passive) methods of interior climate control. Artificial (active) methods of control, such as air-conditioning, were not considered due to the high cost of electricity and its preferred use for industrial needs only. A number of design schemes and tables in the article contain necessary data for choice of sun protection devices, their geometrical parameters, and the values of daylight factor in case of their use. It is noted that the most effective sun-protective devices in the case considered are adjustable ones that guarantees the provision of desired daylight factors levels at diffuse outdoor lighting and in most cases of outdoor sun lighting.
Key words: day lighting wells, natural lighting, adjustable sun-protective devices, natural daylight factor, quality of internal microclimatic environment.
- REFERENCES
1. Stetskiy S. V., Guanlun Chen'. Optimal design, planning and geometric solutions for light wells of multi-story industrial buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 12, pp. 84-86. (In Russian).
2. Stetskiy S. V., Guanlun Chen'. Structural and planning decisions of multi-story industrial buildings with natural light supply through the light wells. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 3, pp. 70-72. (In Russian).
3. Larionova K. O. The lighting influence surrounding buildings in rooms with system of the top natural lighting. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 14, pp. 94-98. (In Russian).
4. Larionova K. O. Natural and theoretical researches of natural lighting in rooms with system of a ceiling light taking into account lighting influence of surrounding building. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2015, no. 13, pp. 58-62. (In Russian).
5. Stetskiy S. V. Stationary sun-protection means as a factor of architectural expressiveness of buildings and providing the comfortable microclimatic internal modes in their rooms for conditions of hot solar climate. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2014, no. 7-2, pp. 572-579. (In Russian).
6. Murav'eva N. A., Solov'ev A. K. System of determination of the required parameters of the natural light environment in rooms by criterion of a saturation natural light. Nauchnoe obozrenie, 2013, no. 9, pp. 132-137. (In Russian).
7. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Physical and mathematical analogies of distribution of a sound, heat and light. Rosiyskiy nauchnyy zhurnal, 2014, no. 3(41), pp. 272-277. (In Russian).
8. Gerasimov A. I., Saltykov I. P. Creation and assessment of comfort of internal inhabited habitat. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka, 2012, no. 4(159), pp. 50-52. (In Russian).
9. Solov'ev A. K. Assessment of lighting of rooms with application of the theory of the light field. Svetotekhnika, 2013, no. 4, pp. 66-68. (In Russian).
10. Murav'eva N. A., Solov'ev A. K. Researches of nature of distribution of natural cylindrical illumination in rooms with side natural lighting. Svetotekhnika, 2015, no. 6, pp. 27-30. (In Russian).
11. Solov'ev A. K., Sun' Ifen. Influence of characteristics of a svetoproyem on energy consumption of office building in a climatic zone with hot summer and in the cold winter in China. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 9, pp. 31-38. (In Russian).
- CRITICISM AND BIBLIOGRAPHYA