- BUILDING STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
- Influence of Deformation Characteristics of Concrete on Bearing Capacity of Flexible Reinforced Concrete Elements
- UDC 624.072.012.45
Vladimir M. POPOV, e-mail: popov_vladimir_m@mail.ru
Mikhail G. PLUSNIN, e-mail: apraiser3@yandex.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. The aim of this work is to analyze the impact of the variability of deformation characteristics of concrete on the bearing capacity of flexible reinforced concrete elements. The urgency of this issue is due to the widespread use of a nonlinear deformation model for the calculation of reinforced concrete structures. The peculiarity of calculations with the use of the non-linear deformation model is in the need for joint use of strength and deformation characteristics of concrete. At that, the current rules contain the average values of these characteristics and there is no information on their variability in the rules. As a result of numerical experiments the significant impact of the variability of deformation characteristics of concrete on the bearing capacity of a flexible reinforced concrete element at large percentage of reinforcement has been revealed. The influence of deformation characteristics on the values of marginal rate of reinforcement and limit height of the compressed zone has also been defined. Thus, the application of average values of deformation characteristics of concrete in calculations with the use of the nonlinear deformation model leads to a significant reduction in the reliability of heavily reinforced concrete structures.
Key words: probabilistic method, ratio of reinforcement, deformation characteristics, flexible reinforced concrete element.
- REFERENCES
1. Rajzer V. D. Teoriya nadezhnosti sooruzheniy [Reliability theory of structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010. 384 p. (In Russian).
2. Skladnev N. N. On the methodological principles of probabilistic calculation of building structures. Stroitel'naja mehanika i raschjot sooruzhenij, 1986, no. 3, pp. 1-6. (In Russian).
3. Shpete G. Nadezhnost' nesushchikh stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy [The reliability of load-bearing building structures]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1994. 288 p. (In Russian).
4. Mordovskij S. S. Clarification of the calculations as a way to improve the safety of buildings and structures. Vestnik SGASU. Gradostroitel'stvo i arhitektura, 2013, no. 3(11), pp. 26-28. (In Russian).
5. Karpenko S. N., Chepizubov I. G. The influence of the deformability of the concrete, the strength of the coupling of the reinforcement in concrete structures. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. Ser. Stroitelstvo i arhitektura, 2013, no. 31(50), pt. 2. Stroitel'nye nauki, pp. 35-41. (In Russian).
6. Mayilian D. R., Mkrtchyan A. M. Aksenov V. N., Blyagoz A. M., Smorgunova M. V. Peculiarities of construction properties of high-strength concrete. Novye tehnologii. 2013, no. 3, pp. 135-143. (In Russian).
7. Mayilian D. R., Mkrtchyan A. M. The influence of various factors on the work of reinforced concrete columns of high-strength concrete. Internet-zhurnal Naukovedenie 2013, no. 5(18), pp. 117. Available at: http://naukovedenie.ru/PDF/05trgsu513.pdf (accessed 10.06.2015). (In Russian).
8. Mkrtchyan A. M., Aksenov V. N. Analytical description of the diagram of deformation of high-strength concrete. Inzhenernyj vestnik Dona. 2013, vol. 26, no. 3(26), pp. 127. Available at: http://ivdon.ru/ ru/magazine/archive/n3y2013/1818 (accessed 10.06.2015). (In Russian).
9. Popov V. M., Gerfanova O. A. Calculation technique on durability of normal sections of concrete T shaped element strengthened with fiber reinforced polymers. Vestnik grazhdanskih inzhenerov, 2013, no. 3(38), pp. 73-80. (In Russian).
10. Popov V. M., Plyusnin M. G. Assessment of bearing ability of ferroconcrete designs under natural conditions of the cold climate. Vestnik grazhdanskih inzhenerov, 2014, no. 2(43), pp. 42-47. (In Russian).
11. Shapiro D. M., Tyutin A. P. Non-linear deformation spatial calculation of reinforced road spans. Structural mechanics and structures, 2012, no. 1(6), pp. 102-108. (In Russian).
12. Kovalenko G. V., Zherdeva S. A., Dudina I. V. Quality control and evaluation of reliability of precast concrete structures with combined stress state. Quality control. 2014, no. 3(23), pp. 161-167. (In Russian).
13. Plevkov V. S., Malinovskij A. P., Baldin I. V. Evaluation of strength and crack resistance of reinforced concrete structures according to russian and international standards. Vestnik TGASU, 2013, no. 2, pp. 144-152. (In Russian).
14. Makhno A. S. Nadjozhnost' izgibaemyh zhelezobetonnyh jelementov po normal'nym sechenijam, usilennyh betonom i armaturoj. Diss. kand. tekhn. nauk [Reliability of flexible reinforced concrete elements in normal cross-section, reinforced concrete and rebar. Phd degree in eng]. Moscow, 2005. 174 p. (In Russian).
15. Ivanenko A. N., Ivanenko N. A., Peresypkin E. N. Crack resistance of reinforced concrete structures as a function of the marginal elasticity of concrete. Inzhenernyj vestnik Dona, 2014, no. 3. Available at: http://ivdon.ru/uploads/article/pdf/ IVD_86_Ivanenko.pdf_d0159fc8f4.pdf. (accessed 10.06.2015). (In Russian).
16. Pinus B. I. Obespechenie dolgovechnosti zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij pri nizkotemperaturnyh vozdejstvijah. Diss. dokt. tekhn. nauk [Durability of reinforced concrete structures under low temperature effects. Dr. eng. sci. dis.]. Irkutsk, 1986. 382 p. (In Russian).
17. Pinus B. I., Pinus Zh. N., Homjakova I. V. Change in concrete structural properties under cooling and freezing. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta, 2015, no. 2(97), pp. 111-116. (In Russian).
18. Popov V. M., Homjakova I. V. Features the work of concrete structures under conditions of freezing and thawing. Gornyj informacionno-analiticheskij bjulleten'. Regional'nyy vypusk "Yakutiya", 2005, no. 4, pp. 241-258. (In Russian).
19. Popov V. M., Homjakova I. V. The level of reinforcement on the bending strength of reinforced concrete elements. Gornyj informacionno-analiticheskij bjulleten'. Regional'nyy vypusk "Yakutiya", 2006, no. 1, pp. 215-217. (In Russian).
- Floors of Multi-Storey Buildings with Steel Frames
- UDC 624.016.7:69.025.22/222
Alexandr R. TUSNIN, å-mail: valeksol@mail.ru,
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. Some structural conceptions of precast and monolithic reinforced concrete floors which are used in the construction of multi-storey building are considered. Floors transmit the load on vertical bearing structures, form horizontal disks which combine columns with vertical connections, as well as influence on horizontal movements and vibrations of the frame. A pre-fabricated design of the floor makes it possible to assemble ready-made elements at the construction site. Floors made at the construction site as monolithic slabs give the designer the opportunity to select variants: to use a profile flooring as a permanent formwork or as a reusable formwork fixed at the design level before the concrete pouring. The development of optimal design of floors meets modern trends of designing and makes it possible to select the best design solution for specific conditions of construction and operation of the building.
Key words: steel frame, multi-storey building, floor made of pre-fabricated reinforced concrete slabs, monolithic reinforced concrete floor.
- REFERENCES
1. Volkov A. A., Vasil'kin A. A. Development of a methodology of finding design solutions for the design and construction of steel structures. Vestnik MGSU, 2014, no. 9, pp. 123-137. (In Russian).
2. Danilov A. I. Concept of control over destruction process of a building object. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 8, pp. 74-77. (In Russian).
3. Konstrukcii grazhdanskih zdanij [Design of civil buildings]. Moscow, Arhitektura-S Publ., 2007. 240 p. (In Russian).
4. Solov'yov A. K., Tusnina V. M. Arhitektura zdanij [The architecture of the buildings ]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2014. 336 p. (In Russian).
5. Zamaliev F. S. Taking into account nonlinear properties of materials and deformability of layers when calculating the strength of steel-reinforced concrete floors. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 5, pp. 38-41. (In Russian).
6. Zamaliev F. S. Identification of pre-operational stress and deformation of steel beams - ribs of steel-concrete composite floors. Vestnik MGSU, 2013, no. 7, pp. 33-39. (In Russian).
7. Zamaliev F. S. To assess the bearing capacity of steel-concrete composite slabs based on their spatial work. Nauka i obrazovanie, 2013, no. 3, pp. 153-157. (In Russian).
- To Calculation Of Bearing Capacity Of Wall And Roof Sandwich Panels
- UDC 69.022.32:69.024.1:691.714-419
Tatiana M. GUREVICH, e-mail: char@kmtn.ru
Elena I. PRIMAKINA, e-mail: ei.primakina@mail.ru
Roman O. TOROPOV
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. The analysis and systematization of methods for calculation of three-later wall and roof sandwich panels with metal sheeting are made. The basic loadings and impacts influencing on the stress-strain state of sheeting and filler, and also their calculated combinations are considered. Own weight, snow weight and erection load (for roof panels), and also the active component of wind pressure (for wall panels) are accepted as the main loads. Calculations of roof panels take into account the influence of temperature and filler creep, and calculations of wall sandwich panels - the temperature influence only. Criteria for evaluating the bearing capacity of sandwich panels are specified. Tables indicating the main criteria of bearing capacity estimation for wall and roof panels with different quantity of spans are presented. Tables are generated as a result of the automated calculations by the method specified in this article. The systematic method for estimating the bearing capacity is recommended to be used by specialists of the enterprises engaged in the manufacture of sandwich panels.
Key words: profile sheeting, flat sheeting, core, resistance to core shear, local stability of sheeting, influence of temperature, bearing capacity, criteria of estimation of bearing capacity.
- REFERENCES
1. Gough G. S., Elam C. F., De Bruyne N. A. The stabilization of a thin sheet by a continious supporting medium. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, 1940, vol. 44, no. 349, pp. 12-43.
2. Prochnost', ustoychivost', kolebaniya. Spravochnik [Strength, stability, vibrations, a Handbook]. T. 2. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1968. Pp. 245-346. (In Russian).
3. Kobelev V. N., Kovarskiy L. M., Timofeev S. I. Raschet trekhsloynykh konstruktsiy. Spravochnik [Calculation of sandwich structures, a Handbook]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1984. 304 p. (In Russian).
4. Petrov S. M., Ildyarov E. V., Popkov N. V., Kholopov I. S., Mosesov M. D., Soloviev A. V. Experimental studies of three-layer, roofing sandwich panels. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2009, no. 6, pp. 44-47. (In Russian).
5. Kholopov I. S., Petrov S. M. Optimum design of three-layer panels with due regard for shear deformation of a middle layer. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 2, pp. 36-40. (In Russian).
6. Lightweight sandwich construction. Edited by J. M. Davies. The University of Manchester, UK, 2001. 384 p.
7. European standard prEN 14509:2005 (E). Self-supporting double skin metal faced insulating panels. Factory made products - specifications: Final draft. Brussels, CEN, 2006. 147 p.
8. Rzhanitsyn A. R. Sostavnye sterzhni i plastinki [Composite rods and plates]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986. 306 p. (In Russian).
- BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
- Heat and Mass Transfer in a Multi-layer Glued Wooden Beam: Formulation of the Problem
- UDC 624.011.1:674.028.9
Ksenia V. ZAITSEVA1, e-mail: kseniya_zaiceva@mail.ru
Andrey A. TITUNIN1
Lubov Yu. GNEDINÀ2
Alexander M. IBRAGIMOV1, e-mail: igasu_alex@mail.ru
1 Kostroma State Technological University, Dzerzhinsky ul., 17, Kostroma 156005, Russian Federation
2 Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. The formulation of the problem of heat and mass transfer in a multilayer wooden glued laminated lumber is presented. The system of differential equations in private derivatives is considered. The equations describe the non-stationary process of heat, mass and baro-transfer under really possible conditions of operation of enclosing structures. It is revealed that the thermo-technical calculation is the defining parameter when designing enclosing structures made of wooden glued beam. Wood is a natural material which incorporates both a knot-free part, and parts with knots with the high heat conductivity. A mathematical model of the process of heat transfer is offered. The equation of heat conductivity of Fourier, entry and boundary conditions at the joint of lamellas of a wooden glued beam, and also at the joint of knotty and knot-free wood within one lamella is a cornerstone of this model. The model makes it possible to define the heat conductivity coefficient for separate parts of a beam. The solution of the problem of heat conductivity on the basis of the method of finite elements and mathematical model reflecting the interrelation of a macrostructure of wood and its heat conductivity will be considered in the subsequent publications.
Key words: multilayered glued wooden beam, lamella, heat and mass transfer.
- REFERENCES
1. Yaroshenko A. The Russian forest sector is set for a decline in production in 2015. LesPromInform, 2015, no. 1. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/ connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics. (accessed 22.07.2015). (In Russian).
2. Tsarev V. A. Proizvodstvo i tovarooborot osnovnykh vidov produktsii iz drevesiny v Rossii [The production and trade of major products from wood in Russia]. Sovremennye tekhnologicheskie protsessy polucheniya materialov i izdelii iz drevesiny. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii, posvyashchennoi 50-letiyu fakulteta tekhnologii derevoobrabotki GOU VPO "Voronezhskaya gosudarstvennaya lesotekhnicheskaya akademiya". Voronezh, VGLTA Publ., 2010. Pp. 358-361. (In Russian).
3. Levinskiy Yu. B., Onegin V. I., Chernykh A. G. Derevyannoe domostroenie [Wooden housing construction]. Saint-Petersgburg, SpbGLTA Publ., 2008. 343 p. (In Russian).
4. Rossiiskii statisticheskii ezhegodnik [Russian statistical Yearbook]. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/ wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics. (accessed 22.07.2015). (In Russian).
5. Lykov A. V. Teoreticheskie osnovy stroitel'noy teplofiziki [Theoretical fundamentals of construction thermophysics]. Minsk, AN BSSR Publ., 1961. 520 p. (In Russian).
6. Titunin A. A., Karavaykov V. M., Sirotkina K. V. Heat conductivity of wooden glued constructions. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2007, no. 10, pp. 66-67. (In Russian).
7. Fedosov S. V., Kotlov V. G., Aloyan R. M., Yasinskiy F. N., Bochkov M. V. Simulation of heat - mass transfer in the gas-solid at dowel joints of timber structures elements. Part 2. Dynamics of temperature fields at arbitrary law of changes of air environment temperature. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2014, no. 8, pp. 73-79. (In Russian).
8. Fedosov S. V., Gnedina L. Yu. Nestatsionarnyy teploperenos v mnogosloynoy ograzhdayushchey konstruktsii. [Unsteady heat transfer in multi-layer cladding]. Problemy stroitel'noy teplofiziki sistem obespecheniya mikroklimata i energosberezheniya v zdaniyakh [Problems of thermal physics of systems of microclimate and energy conservation in buildings]: sbornik dokladov chetvertoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii 27-29 aprelya 1999. Moscow, NIISF Publ., 1999. Pp. 343-348. (In Russian).
- Determination Of Design Moisture Of Building Materials
- UDC 699.82
Vladimir G. GAGARIN, e-mail: gagarinvg@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Pavel P. PASTUSHKOV, e-mail: pavel-one@mail.ru
Research Institute for Building Physics (NIISF RAASN), Locomotive proezd, 21, 127238 Moscow, Russian Federation
Abstract. Concepts of design and operational moisture of building materials are defined; the relevance of the problem of determining the calculated moisture is justified including by results of field investigations. An analysis of alternative methods for determining the operational moisture is made. The dependence of heat conductivity of building materials on the moisture content is considered; the methodology for appointment of the calculated moisture of building materials using the sorption isotherm is also described. References to normative documents, concerning the use of methods necessary for numerical calculations of moisture characteristics of building materials, are given. A new formula for calculating the operational moisture according to the results of field investigations of moisture of enclosing structures, which improves the accuracy of the research, has been obtained. The results of field and laboratory studies with the aim to determine the design moisture content of building materials are presented. The discrepancy of the results of field investigations with laboratory data is shown, thus the inadequacy of method for destination of the design moisture of building materials according to the sorption isotherm is proved. It is proposed, as the most promising method, to determine the moisture content by numerical calculations with verification of the data with the results of field studies.
Key words: design moisture, operational moisture, building materials, thermal conductivity, field investigations, moisture behavior, unsteady calculation method, the sorption isotherm.
- REFERENCES
1. Pastushkov P. P., Grinfel'd G. I., Pavlenko N. V., Bespalov A. E., Korkina E. V. Rated operational definition of moisture AAC in different climatic zones of construction. Vestnik MGSU, 2015, no. 2, pp. 60-70. (In Russian).
2. Grinfeld G. I., Kuptaraeva P. D. Masonry of AAC with external insulation. Features moisture conditions in the initial period of operation. Inzhenerno-tehnicheskij zhurnal. 2011, no. 8, pp. 41-50. (In Russian).
3. Mamontov A. A., Jarcev V. P., Strulev S. A. Analysis of different humidity insulation in the building envelope when operating in the heating period. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 4, pp. 117-119. (In Russian).
4. Chernyshov E. M., Slavcheva G. S. Humidity condition and regularities of manifestation of structural properties of building materials during the operation. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2007, no. 4, pp. 70-77. (In Russian).
5. Pastushkov P. P., Pavlenko N. V., Korkina E. V. Using the definition of estimated operational moisture of thermal insulation materials. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstrukcija, 2015, no. 4(60), pp. 168-172. (In Russian).
6. Vasil'ev B. F. Naturnye issledovaniya temperaturno-vlazhnostnogo rezhima zhilykh zdanii [Field investigations of temperature and humidity of residential buildings]. Moscow. Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1957. 214 p. (In Russian).
7. Franchuk A. U. Teploprovodnost' stroitel'nyh materialov v zavisimosti ot vlazhnosti [The thermal conductivity of building materials, depending on the moisture]. Moscow, Leningrad, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1941. 108 p. (In Russian).
8. Cammerer W. F. Der Feuchtigkeitseinflub auf die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Bau- und Wärmedämmstoffen. Bauphysik. 1987. Jr. 9. H. 6. S. 259-266.
9. Kreft O., Shoh T. The influence of moisture on the thermal conductivity of AAC. ALITinform. Mezhdunarodnoe analiticheskoe obozrenie, 2010, no. 1, pp. 60-65. (In Russian).
10. Gagarin V. G. Teorija sostojanija i perenosa vlagi v stroitel'nyh materialah i teplozashhitnye svojstva ograzhdajushhih konstrukcij zdanij. Diss. dokt. tekhn. nauk [The theory of the state and moisture transfer in building materials and thermal insulation properties of building envelopes. Doct. diss. (Engineering)]. Moscow, 2000. 396 p. Available at: http://dlib.rsl.ru/01000300256 (accessed 2.06.2015) (In Russian).
11. Künzel H. Gasbeton. Wärme- und Feuchtigkeitsverhalten. Wiesbaden, Berlin, Bauverlag, 1970. 120 p.
12. Gagarin V. G., Pastushkov P. P., Reutova N. A. On the question of the appointment of the calculated moisture of building materials for sorption isotherm. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstrukcija. 2015, no. 4(60), pp. 152-155. (In Russian).
13. Fokin K. F. Calculation consistent dampening materials in outdoor enclosures. Voprosy stroitel'noi fiziki v proektirovanii. Moscow, Leningrad, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1941. Pp. 2-18. (In Russian).
14. Isaev S. A., Guvernyuk S. V., Zubin M. A., Prigorodov Yu. S. Numerical and physical modeling of a low-velocity air flow in a channel with a circular vortex cell. Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics, 2000, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 337-344.
15. Kiselev I. Ya. The method of calculation of the equilibrium sorption humidity of building materials. Vestnik MGSU, 2011, no. 3-2, pp. 92-99. (In Russian).
16. Kornienko S. V. The characteristics of the moisture in the materials of building envelopes. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2007, no. 4, pp. 74-78. (In Russian).
17. Perehozhencev A. G., Gruzdo I. Ju. Investigation of the diffusion of moisture in porous building materials. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. Ser. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura, 2014, iss. 35(54), pp. 116-120. (In Russian).
- The Influence of Fine Ground Copper Smelting Slag on the Process of Cement Stone Structure Formation
- UDC 666.943
Alexey V. KRAVTSOV, e-mail: kravtsov1992@yandex.ru
Ekaterina A. VINOGRADOVA, e-mail: vinogradowa.kate2015@yandex.ru
Sergey V. TSIBAKIN, e-mail: sv44kostroma@yandex.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. Problems of the use of copper smelting manufacturing waste, as a fine ground mineral additive, for producing the concrete with technogenic waste are considered. This area of research is relevant because of growing rates and scales of construction. In particular, in the course of concrete works execution, the use of new complex additives on the basis of industrial waste is an important factor influencing on their efficiency. Copper slag dumps located in the Ural Federal District haven't been widely used in construction or in other industrial branches. Rational utilization of copper smelting manufacturing waste makes it possible to solve ecological problems of many regions of Russia. Results of the study of the period of concrete mix structure formation with the use of ultrasonic and thermal methods are presented. The diagram of thermal variations of concrete mix with fine ground admixture within 24 hours of hardening under normal condition which reflect the passage of chemical reactions and the formation of new products of the hydration of mixed binding systems is shown in this article. The data obtained make it possible to predict the positive and significant impact of this additive on strength and operational characteristics of concrete and, as a result, organize the rational utilization of copper smelting slag for concrete manufacturing.
Key words: cooper smelting slag, utilization of technogenic waste, fine ground mineral admixture, concrete with technogenic waste, mixed binders, forming period of concrete structure, ultrasonic study.
- REFERENCES
1. Shadrunova I. V., Radchenko D. N., Matyushenko G. A. The features of the granulated slag technological properties of copper smelting Karabash copper-smelting combine. Gornyy informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten' , 2004, no. 2, pp. 338-341 (In Russian).
2. Kotel'nikova A. L., Ryabinin I. F., Korinevskaya G. G., Khalezov B. D., Reutov D. S., Muftakhov V. A. On the rational use of waste copper slag. Nedropol'zovanie XXI vek, 2014, no. 6(50), pp. 14-19. (In Russian).
3. Chumanov V. I., Chumanov I. V., Kirsanova A. A., Amosova Yu. E. On the complex processing of steel slags and their use in the construction. Vestnik YuUrGU. Seriya "Metallurgiya", 2013, no. 1, pp. 56-60. (In Russian).
4. Yushkov B. S., Semenov S. S. The use of metallurgical waste for concrete production. Modernizatsiya i nauchnye issledovaniya v transportnom komplekse, 2014, no. 1, pp. 556-558. (In Russian).
5. Shapovalov N. A., Zagorodnyuk L. Kh., Tikunova I. V., Shchekina A. Yu., Shkarin A. V. Metallurgical production slag - effective feedstock for production of dry construction mixtures. Fundamental'nye issledovaniya, 2013, no. 1, pp. 167-172. (In Russian).
6. Khiris N. S., Akchurin T. K. Analysis of the influence of slag micro filler on the processes of structure formation of the highly filled fine concrete. Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya "Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura", 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 97-101. (In Russian).
7. Khiris N. S., Akchurin T. K. The formation of the internal structure of fine-grained concrete of high density and strength with filling metallurgical slag and two-frequency vibration compaction. Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya "Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura", 2014, no. 35 (54), pp. 101-125. (In Russian).
8. Mikhaylov G. G., Trofimov B. Ya., Gamaliy E. A. Frost resistance of concrete steamed on the slag-cement. Vestnik YuUrGU. Seriya "Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura", 2012, no. 14, pp. 42-47. (In Russian).
9. Chazov A. V., Shishmakova M. S. Slag-alkaline materials in road construction. Vestnik PNIPU. Seriya "Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura", 2012, no. 1, pp. 114-117. (In Russian).
10. Karpenko N. I., Yarmakovskiy V. N., Shkol'nik Ya. Sh. Status and prospects of applying of technogenic formations processing products in the construction industry. Ekologiya i promyshlennost' Rossii, 2012, no. 10, pp. 50-54. (In Russian).
- To the Issue of Improving Efficiency of Wall Ceramic Materials
- UDC 693.22
German I. GORBUNOV, e-mail: gorbunov.toim@mail.ru
Olimdzhon R. RASULOV, e-mail: olimjon.rasulov.1977@mail.ru
Alexey D. SEROV, e-mail: gigantmisly@mail.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. This article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of improving physical properties of ceramic wall materials. The existing options of used efficient enclosing structures, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The negative effects of the usage of the most effective wall ceramic products in the form of porous-hollow stones of a large format are noted. The article also describes the method for obtaining highly porous ceramic products due to the use of rice straw as a combustible addition, which, when burning in a reducing environment, can form any significant amount of amorphous silica which is able to interact with the products of roasting and improve the structure, properties, and performance characteristics of ceramic crock. The study of the influence of rice straw addition in the clay composition on the change in its thermal conductivity were carried out in the ISA MGSU Laboratory of Building Physics by measuring the rate of change of temperature during heating the cylindrical probe immersed in the sample of material of a certain form, in accordance with GOST 30256-94. The results obtained show that the introduction of combustible addition of up to 10% of fluffed straw into the clay reduces the density of annealed samples and coefficient of thermal conductivity, i.e. their thermal conductivity values are converted from class ineffective to effective class of wall ceramic materials.
Key words: wall ceramic materials, rice straw, amorphous silica, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, large porous hollow products.
- REFERENCES
1. Ananiev A. A, Lobov O. I. Ceramic brick and its place in modern construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 10, pp. 62-65. (In Russian).
2. Lobov O. I., Ananiev A. I., Ananiev A. A. Energy efficiency, durability and safety of the exterior walls of buildings made of ceramic materials. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2010, no. 4, pp. 10-15. (In Russian).
3. Burmistrov V. N., Gudkov Y. V. Methods of improving the manufacture of products of wall ceramics. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2005, no. 2, pp. 14-15. (In Russian).
4. Gorbunov G. I., Ezersky V. A., Krolevetsky D. V. Methods of improvement of the efficiency of wall ceramic materials. Sbornik materialov yubileynykh chteniy "Razvitie teorii i tekhnologii v oblasti teploizolyatsionnykh i otdelochnykh materialov" [Collection of materials commemorative readings "Development of the theory and technology in the field of thermal insulation and finishing materials"]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 69-73. (In Russian).
5. Gorbunov G. I., Ezersky V. A., Krolevetsky D. V. Technology features for ceramic foam wall and insulation products. Krovel'nye i izolyatsionnye materialy, 2005, no. 2, pp. 56-58. (In Russian).
6. Gorbunov G. I., Rasulov O. R. Problems of rational recycling of rice straw. Vestnik MGSU, 2013, no. 9, pp. 106-112. (In Russian).
7. Zemnuhova L. A., Fedorischeva G.A. A method of obtaining silica dioxide. Patent RU ¹ 2394764. 2010. Bull. 20. (In Russian).
8. Moncef Sh. R., Khripunov A. K. Study of component composition of IRI rice straw and properties derived from cellulose. Materialy III Vserossiyskoy konferentsii [Proceedings of the III all-Russian conference]. Barnaul: izd-vo Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Publ., 2007, pp. 53-55. (In Russian).
9. Vurasko A. V., Driker B. N., Galimov A. R., Mertin E., Chistyakov K. N. A method for producing pulp from rice straw. Patent RU ¹ 2418122. 2011. Bull. ¹ 13. (In Russian).
10. Kotlyar V. D., Ustinov A.V., Kovalev V. Yu. Efficiency of siliceous rocks and gaize-like flotation of coal benefication of waste coal sludge. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2013, no. 4, pp. 44-46. (In Russian).
11. Talpa B. V., Kotlyar V. D., Terekhina Yu. V. Evaluation of siliceous gaize rocks for the production of ceramic bricks. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2014, no. 4, pp. 20-23. (In Russian).
- Investigation of Strength Properties of Fine-Grained Concrete with Polypropylene Fiber for Road Construction
- UDC 691.328:678.742.3
Alexandr N. ZOTOV, å-mail: alex-russkii@mail.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article describes the theoretical data on the use of fine-grained road concretes, highlights the main problems of their application and features of designing their compositions. Particular importance is given to the study of the sand and cement ratio in the mixture as an important parameter of optimizing structures and change in the volume of cement paste with an increase in the proportion of sand. Results of the study of fine-grained concretes and fiber-reinforced concretes, including dependences for calculation and prediction of structural, technological and strength characteristics at different ratios of sand and cement are presented. Peculiarities of the application of polypropylene fiber as an effective multifunctional additive, which contributes to the improvement of strength properties of concrete, are analyzed. It is confirmed that the increase in fiber consumption leads to the reduction in the concrete compressive strength and increase in its flexural strength. An integrated approach to the study of fine-grained concretes made it possible to estimate the consumption of mixture components and parameters of their variations, obtain mathematical models and prove the influence of the content of sand, cement and fiber on the main indicators of quality of concretes. Dependencies obtained can be used to analyze and predict the properties of concretes and fibrous concretes on the basis of different types of cement and multi-component and mixed binders.
Key words: fine fibrous concrete, structure, polypropylene fiber, strength, density.
- REFERENCES
1. Morozov N. M. Khokhryakov O. V, Morozova N. N, Khozin V. G. Fine-grained concrete for the repair of concrete bases of oil-producing plants. Izvestija KazGASU, 2006, no. 1 (5), pp. 28-29 p. (In Russian).
2. Sobolev G. M. Kuznetzova E. F. Komarova A. F. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie v planirovanii experimenta v tehnologii betona [Mathematical modeling and design of experiments in concrete technology]. Aktual'njie problemi nauki v agropromjishlennom komplekse [Actual problems of science in agriculture]. sb. stateji 65 mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticyeskoi konferentzii. Karavaevo, Kostromskaja GSHA Publ., 2014. Vol 2. 224 p. (In Russian).
3. Bazhenov Yu. M, Alimov L. A, Voronin V. V. Structure i svoistva betonov s nanomodificatorami na osnove tehnogennih othodov [The structure and properties of concrete with nanomodifiers based on man-made waste: monograph]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2013. 204 p. (In Russian).
4. Bazhenov Yu. M. Tekhnologiya betona [Technology of concrete production]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2002, 500 p. (In Russian).
5. Rabinovich F. N. Dispersno armirovannie betony [Dispersion reinforced concrete]. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1989. 177 p. (In Russian).
6. Kelly À. Interface Effects and the Work of Fracture of a Fibrous Composite. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A 319 95-116. 1970.
7. Hughes B. P. and Fattuhi N. I. Stress-strain curves for fiber reinforced concrete in compression. Cement and Concrete Research, 1977, no. 7, pp. 173-183.
8. Zotov A. N. Prochnostnie svoistva melkozernistyh betonov s modifitshirovannoy polypropilenovoi fibroi [Mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete with modified polypropylene fiber]. Tekhnika i tekhnologii: rol' v razvitii sovremennogo obshchestva [Equipment and technology: role in the development of modern society]: Materials of IV International scientific-practical conference. Collection of scientific works. Krasnodar, 2015. 132 p. (In Russian).
9. Berg O. Ja, Shcherbakov E. N., Pisanko G. N. Visokoprochniji beton [High-strength concrete]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1971. 208 p. (In Russian).
10. Nagornov A. G. Treschinostojikost' betonov v svjazi s ih strukturoi [The fracture toughness of concrete due to their structure]: diss. kand. tehn. nauk. Tbilisi, GGPI, 1987. 178 p. (In Russian).
- ARCHITECTURE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES. TOWN PLANNING
- Resettlement and Urban Development of the Upper Volga Region in the XIX Century
- UDC 711.42(470.317):728
Alexander S. KOKSHAROV, e-mail: koksharov.kos@yandex.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. Features of the urban formation of urban groups of the Upper Volga Region in the XIX century are considered on the example of Kostroma, Tver and Yaroslavl Governorates. Main factors of the formation of cities in the form of groups and their location in governorates and the Upper Volga region as a whole are revealed. The analysis of statistical data on population of cities in the provinces is presented on the basis of documents and literary sources. The role of trade, fairs, trade routes and the role of the Volga in the town-forming of the region is considered. Graphical schemes with groups of cities in each of the three provinces, on the basis of which the analysis of developed situation in resettlement and town formation has been made, as well as the summary scheme of resettlement in the towns of the Upper Volga region are presented. On example of the Kostroma Governorate, features of factors of resettlement depending on geography, climate, administrative regulations, development of crafts and trade are shown.
Key words: group resettlement, urban development, cities group, factors of city planning and settlement, trade, trade routes, the Volga, group resettlement schemes.
- REFERENCES
1. Makovetskiy I. V. Pamyatniki narodnogo zodchestva Verkhnego Povolzh'ya [The monuments of folk architecture of the Upper Volga region]. Moscow, Akademii nauk SSSR Publ., 1952. 131 p. (In Russian).
2. Lazareva I. V., Lazarev V. V. Gradostroitel'nye i arkhitekturnye tradition Rusi - Rossi. Novatsii XXI veka [Urban and architectural traditions of Russia, Russia. Innovations of the XXI century]. Moscow, TsNIIP gradostroitel'stva RAASN Publ., 2008. 128 p. (In Russian).
3. Arsen'ev K. Nachertanie statistiki Rossiyskogo gosudarstva [The outline of Russian state statistics]. Moscow, Kniga po Trebovaniyu Publ., 2011. 277 p. (In Russian).
4. Malkov V. D. Volga. Ot istoka do Astrakhani. Istoriya, legendy, predaniya, byli [Volga. From source to Astrakhan. History, legends, legends]. Rybinsk, Format-print Pudl., 2007. 236 p. (In Russian).
5. Tikhomirov M. N. Drevnerusskie goroda [Ancient Russian city]. St. Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 2008. 352 ñ. (In Russian).
6. Pavlova O. K. Otechestvennaya istoriya. Rossiyskoe predprinimatel'stvo i blagotvoritel'nost [Native history. Journal of Russian entrepreneurship and philanthropy]. St.Petersburg, SpbGPU Publ., 2004. 17 p. (In Russian).
7. Golikova N. B. Torgovye svyazi gorodov Podmoskov'ya v kontse XVII - nachale XVIII v. [Trade links cities in the Moscow region in the late XVII - early XVIII century]. Russkiy gorod [Russian town]. Moscow, MGU Publ., 1976. 77 p. (In Russian).
8. Shumilkin S. M. Yarmarki v russkom gradostroitel'stve XVII - XIX vekov [Fairs in the Russian town-planning of the XVII - XIX centuries]. Arkhitekturnoe nasledstvo [Architectural heritage]. Iss. 54. Moscow, LIBROKOM Publ., 2011. 167 p. (In Russian).
9. Volkov M. Ya. Goroda Verkhnego Povolzh'ya i Severo-Zapada Rossii. Pervaya chetvert' XVIII v. [Cities of the Upper Volga region and North-West Russia. First quarter of the XVIII century]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1994. 230 p. (In Russian).
10. Shkvarikov V. A. Planirovka gorodov Rossii XVIII - nachala XIX veka [Planning of cities of Russia XVIII - early XIX century]. Moscow, Vsesoyuznoya akademiya arkhitektury Publ.,1939. 256 p. (In Russian).
11. Gradostroitel'stvo Rossii serediny XIX - nachala XX veka [The building in Russia in the mid XIX - early XX century]. Moscow, Progress-Traditsiya Publ., 2001. 340 p. (In Russian).
12. Moskva i slozhivshiesya russkie goroda XVIII - pervoy poloviny XIX vekov [Moscow and Russian towns established in XVIII - first half XIX centuries]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1998. 440 p. (In Russian).
13. Lakhtin V. N. Sistema rasseleniya i arkhitekturno-planirovochnaya struktura gorodov Urala [Settlement system of the architectural and planning structure of cities in the Urals]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1977. 126 p. (In Russian).
14. Koksharov A. S. Genezis planirovki i zastroyki malykh gorodov i sel Kostromskoy oblasti [The Genesis of the planning and development of small towns and villages of Kostroma region]. Kostromskaya zemlya v zhizni velikoy Rossii [Kostroma, the land life of the great Russia]. Materialy mezhregional'noy nauchno-prakt. konf. Kostroma, KGU im. N. A. Nekrasova, 2014. Pp. 31-33. (In Russian).
15. Alekseev S. I. Goroda i kreposti XII-XVIII v. [The town and fortress of the XII-VIII century]. Arkheologiya Kostromskogo kraya [Archaeology of Kostroma region]. Kostroma, 1997. Pp. 197-249. (In Russian).
16. Shumilkin S. M. Torgovye tsentry evropeyskoy chasti Rossii vtoroy poloviny XIX - nachala XX v. [Shopping centers of the European part of Russia of second half XIX - beginning of XX century]. Nizhniy Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2013. Pp. 15-17. (In Russian).
17. Koksharov A. S. Planning and development of trading cities in Kostroma-Volga region XIX century. Privolzhskiy nauchnyy zhurnal, 2011, no. 3, pp. 117-123. (In Russian).
18. Lubchenko Yu. N. Goroda Rossii [Russian city]. Moscow, Belyy gorod Publ., 2006. 178 p. (In Russian).
19. Atlas Kostromskoy oblasti [Atlas of the Kostroma region]. Moscow, GUGK Publ., 1975. Pp. 17-22. (In Russian).
- Architectural-Spatial Structure of Factory Complexes of Kostroma Governorate, the middle of XIX - early XX centuries
- UDC 725.4:711.554
Olga V. LAPINA, e-mail: olga.germash@yandex.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. Peculiarities of the development of factory complexes of Kostroma Governorate, the middle of XIX - early XX centuries, are presented. Their two main zones are revealed. They are industrial one and public-residential. The public-residential zone can include five groups of public buildings. The first group - residential buildings; the second group includes the building of educational purpose (nurseries, kindergartens, schools, colleges); the third group is the buildings of health (hospitals, infectious barracks, dispensaries, maternity homes, pharmacies); the fourth group - culture and leisure, and religious buildings (people's houses, libraries, teahouses, temples), and the fifth group - buildings servicing the population (stores, stalls, shops, canteens, bathhouses). Considering the architectural-spatial structure of the factory complexes in Kostroma Governorate of the indicated period, we can distinguish three main types of factory complexes. The first type is complexes having only an industrial zone. The complexes of the second type includes buildings of industrial and public-residential zones which don't have the complete composition (not all five groups of buildings listed above are presented). The third group includes industrial complexes with industrial and public-residential zones, moreover, the public-residential zone is presented in full, and consists of all five groups.
Key words: factory complexes of Kostroma Governorate, industrial buildings, public buildings, industrial and public-residential zone.
- REFERENCES
1. Vladimirsky N. N. Kostromskaya oblast'. Istoriko-jekonomicheskij ocherk [Kostroma region. Historical-economical]. Kostroma: Kostromskoe knizhnoe izd-vo Publ., 1959. 855 p. (In Russian).
2. Russkoe gradostroitel'noe iskusstvo. Gradostroitel'stvo Rossii serediny XIX -nachala XX veka [Russian town planning. Town planning Russian mid XIX - early XX century]. Book three. Ìoscow, Progress-Tradition Publ., 2010. 616 p. (In Russian).
3. Russkoe gradostroitel'noe iskusstvo. Gradostroitel'stvo Rossii serediny XIX - nachala XX veka [Russian town planning. Town planning Russian mid XIX - early XX century]. Book two. Ìoscow, Progress-Tradition Publ., 2003. 560 p. (In Russian).
4. Pamyatniki arkhitektury Kostromskoy oblasti : katalog [Architectural monuments of the Kostroma region : catalog]. Iss. 1, Ch. 2. Kostroma, 1997. 310 p. (In Russian).
5. Sizintseva, L. I. The kingdom of red brick. Pamyatniki Otechestva, 1991, no. 1, pp. 87-94. (In Russian).
6. Krzhivoblodsky Y. Kostromskaya guberniya. Materialy dlya geografii i statistiki Rossii, sobrannye ofitserami general'nogo shtaba [Kostroma Province. Materials for Geography and statics Russia, collected by officers of the General Staff]. St. Petersburg, 1861. 636 p. (In Russian).
7. Scheboleva, E.G. Kupecheskoe stroitel'stvo Ivanovskoy oblasti [Tradesman construction Ivanovo region]. Ìoscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2004. Iss. 2. 247 p. (In Russian).
8. Svod pamyatnikov arkhitektury i monumental'nogo iskusstva Rossii [Set of monuments and monumental art in Russia]. Vol. 3 : Ivanovo region. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2000. 813 p. (In Russian).
9. Germash O. V. Architectural-planning solution the largest working village Bonyachki at the factory Konovalovs. Arkhitektura. Sotsial'no-gumanitarnye nauki [Architecture. Social-humanities Science]. Sb. tr. Vol. 2. N. Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2014, pp. 6-10. (In Russian).
10. Germash O. V. Development of Large Kostroma Linen Manufactory until 1917. Arkhitektura. Nauka o Zemle. Ekologiya [Architecture. Earth Science. Ecology]. N. Novgorod, NNGASU Publ., 2012, pp. 32-35. (In Russian).
11. Sel'skie poseleniya Rossii : istoricheskiy i sotsiokul'turnyy analiz [Rural settlement Russia: historical and socio-cultural analysis]. Ìoscow, Rossiyskiy institut kul'turologii Publ., 1995. 168 p. (In Russian).
- The Originality of Pile and Crib Structures of Kostroma Lowland
- UDC 72.03(470.317)
Sergey A. PILYAK, å-mail: s.pilyak@mail.ru
Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
Abstract. Pile and crib structures of the Kostroma lowland, as works of folk architecture, are notable for constructive reasonableness and individuality of each structure. Created on the areas which are flooded at the time of spring flood, these structures are an example of developing these sites adverse from the point of view of natural features. Piling buildings of the Kostroma lowland, the lost Church of the Transfiguration 91713) in particular, became the object for exploring by outstanding researchers of the Russian wooden architecture. Monuments of the Kostroma lowland became the core of the architectural collection of the Kostroma Museum of Wooden Architecture. Results of the analysis of structural and architectural features of the construction of "hanging" villages of the Kostroma lowlands are presented in this article. The options of pile and crib structures for footings of timber constructions are considered. Examples of the most characteristic monuments of wooden architecture of the lowland, explored and transported in the Kostroma Museum of Wooden Architecture, are given.
Key words: wooden architecture, "hanging" villages, pile foundation.
- REFERENCES
1. Ushakov Y. S. Ansambl v narodnom zodchestve russkogo Severa (prostranstvennaya organizatsiya, kompozitsionnyye priyomy, vospritatiye) [The ensemble of the folk architecture of the Russian North (spatial organization, compositional techniques and perception]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1982. 168 p. (In Russian).
2. Îpolovnikov À. V. Muzei derevyannogo zodchestva [Museums of wooden architecture]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ, 1968. 119 p.
3. Makovetski I. V. Pamyatniki narodnogo zodchestva Verkhnego Povolzhya [Monuments of folk architecture of the Upper Volga region]. Moscow, Akademii nauki SSSR Publ., 1952. 131 p.
4. Krasovsky M. V. Kurs istorii russkoy arkhitektury. Ch. I. Derevyannoye zodchestvo [A course on the history of Russian architecture. Part I. Wooden architecture]. St. Petersburg, Partnership R. Golike and A. Vilborg Publ., 1916. 402 p.
5. Îrfinski V. P., Grishina I. Å. Tipologiya derevyannogo kultovogo zodchestva Russkogo Severa [The typology of the wooden religious architecture of the Russian North]. Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk State University Publ., 2004. 280 p.
6. Melekhov V. I., Shapovalova L. G. Sokhranenie nesushchei sposobnosi pamyatnikov derevyannogo zodchestva [Maintaining the carrying capacity of the monuments of wooden architecture]. Folk architecture: interuniversity collection. Petrozavodsk, Petrozavodsk State University Publ., 2004. 368 p.
7. Korozin V. B. Katalog pamyatnikov arkhitektury Kostromskoy oblasti [Catalogue of the monuments of architecture of the Kostroma region]. Kostroma : Komitet po okhrane i ispolzovaniyu istoriko-kulturnogo nasledia administratsii Kostromskoy oblasti, 1998. Is. 1. Part III. 159 p.
8. Kudryashov E. V. Î vremeni postroiki tserkvi Spasa Preobrazheniya iz sela Spas-Vezhi Kostromskoy oblasti [About the time of construction of the Church of Transfiguration of the Saviour from the village of Spas-Veigy Kostroma region]. Pamyatniki russkoy arkhitektury i monumentalnogo iskusstva. Materialy i issledovaniya. Moscow, Nauka Publ.1980. 248 p.
9. Ashchepkov Å. À. Russkoye derevyannoye zodchestvo [Russian wooden architecture]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo arkhitektury i gradostroitel'stva Publ., 1950. 102 p.
10. Gushchina V. À. Î kolokolne Kizhskogo architecturnogo ansamblya (vremya sozdaniya i vospriyatiya obraza) [The bell-tower of the Kizhi architectural ensemble (the time of creation and perception of the image)]. Kizhskiy vestnik. Petrozavodsk, Museum-reserve "Kizhi" Publ., 2009. Iss. 12. P. 212-231.
11. Grabar I. E. Istoriya russkogo iskusstva [History of Russian art]. Vol. I. Architecture. Moscow, Izdanie I. Knebel Publ., 1909. 479 p.
12. Moskalyova L. V. ": I sovershisha tserkov : velmi chudnu :". Materials and research works. Collection of articles. Kostroma: Kostroma architectural-ethnographic and landscape museum-reserve "Kostroma sloboda", 2010. P. 5-47.
13. Smirnov V. I. Pile construction of the Kostroma region. Soviet ethnography, 1940, no. 4, pp. 149-167.
- TECHNOLOGY AND BUILDING ORGANIZATION
- Efficiency Enhancement Potential In Residential Buildings Design And Construction Process
- UDC 624.05
Leonid V. KIEVSKIY, e-mail: mail@dev-city.ru
Research and Design Center "CITY DEVELOPMENT", Prospect Mira ul., 19, bld 3, 129090 Moscow, Russian Federation
Alexey S. SERGEEV, e-mail: sergeev.as@gmail.com
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The issue of increase of reserves of the urban development process efficiency, in particular of public housing objects, has not been systematically analyzed In Russian and foreign practice. Among the factors determining the efficiency of the organization, labor performance is one of the basic indicators of characteristics variety to determine the economy status, particularly in the construction industry. The cost-based approach was used to value labor performance, which is regarded as triple economic characteristics. The normative settled object value is counted as a targeted investment program in accordance with the structure confirmed in construction cost estimate summary. The actual value corresponds to the payments of state organization customer net the damage amount identified during the retreat of the actual organization of the urban planning regulations process. This research shows the author's method of labor performance growth reserves analysis. It is based on a comparison of the normative and the practical models of urban development process, evaluation of potential damages caused by the terms of performance stages in these models derivation. Labor performance growth reserves are determined by comparing the actual and regulatory performance.
Key words: performance efficiency growth reserves, urban development process, normative and practical models of urban development process, labor performance, estimated damages.
- REFERENCES
1. Gruzinov V. P., et al. Jekonomika predprijatija [Business economics]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika Publ., 2007. 459 p. (In Russian).
2. Morozov E. V. Labor efficiency intension and its main components. Problemy i perspektivy upravlenija jekonomikoj i marketingom v organizacii, 2003, no. 3, p. 49. (In Russian).
3. Levkin S. I., Kievskiy L. V. Program-oriented and goal-oriented approach to urban planning policy. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 8, pp. 6-9. (In Russian).
4. Levkin S.I., Kievskiy L.V., Shirov A.A. Multiplicative effect of Moscow building complex. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 3, pp. 3-9. (In Russian).
5. Kievskiy L. V. From construction management to investment process in construction management. City development: collection of proceedings 2006-2014. Moscow, SvR-ARGUS Publ., 2014, pp. 205-221. (In Russian).
6. Kievskiy L. V. Planirovanie i organizacija stroitel'stva inzhenernyh kommunikacij [Planning and management of engineering services construction]. Moscow, SvR-ARGUS Publ., 2008. 464 p. (In Russian).
7. Zhadanovskij B. V., Sinenko S. A., Kuzhin M. F. Practical organizational and technological diagrams of construction and erection work development in condition of operating enterprise reconstruction. Tehnologija i organizacija stroitel'nogo proizvodstva, 2014. no. 1, pp. 38-40. (In Russian).
8. Malyha G. G., Sinenko S. A., Vajnshtejn M. S., Kulikova E. N. Structural modeling of data: requisites of data object in construction modeling. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 4, pp. 226-230. (In Russian).
9. Malojan G. A. From the city to agglomeration. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2010, no. 1, pp. 47-53. (In Russian).
10. Malojan G. A. Urban conglomeration forming problems. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 2, pp. 83-85. (In Russian).
11. Jushkova N. G. Urban development management: government and market cooperation. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2010, no. 1, pp. 66-69. (In Russian).
12. Chuvilova I. V., Kravchenko V. V. Multimeter method of large-scale housing development capital and tenant improvements. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 3, pp. 94-100. (In Russian).
13. Semenov A. A. Current status of housing construction in Russia. Zhilishhnoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 4, pp. 9-12. (In Russian).
14. Managing Asian Cities: Sustainable and Inclusive Urban Solutions. Asian Development Bank, Manila, 2008, p. XIV. Available at: http://www.adb.org/Documents/ Studies/Managing-Asian-Cities/part02-07.pdf (accessed 19.06.2015).
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16. Ilyichev V. A., Karimov A. M., Kolchunov V. I., et al. Propositions to the project of the doctrine of urban development and settlement (strategic city planning). Housing Construction, 2012, no. 1, pp. 2-10.
17. Matreninskiy S. I. Methodological approach to the classification of compacthousing development areas for making decisions on their maintenance and reorganization. Scientific Herald of the Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2013, no. 1, pp. 49-57.
18. Dodman D., Dalal-Clayton B., McGranahan G. Integrating the environment in urban planning and management: key principles and approaches for cities in the 21century. International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) United Nations Environment Programme, 2013.
19. Sergeev A. S. Risc assessment in construction projects evaluation. Modernization of investment-building and housing-municipal complexes. International collection of proceedings. Moscow: MGAKHiS Publ., 2011, pp. 538-541. (In Russian).
20. Bogachev S. N., Shkol'nikov A. A., Rozentul R. Je., Klimova N. A. Construction risc ant its minimizing possibilities. Academia. Arhitektura i stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 1, pp. 88-92. (In Russian).
- BASES AND FOUNDATIONS, UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES
- Design of Efficient Impervious Structures Constructed by Slurry Wall Method
- UDC 624.15.04:626.86
Vladimer M. MARGOLIN, e-mail: vlad-margolin@yandex.ru
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
Abstract. The practical application of the design techniques of basic parameters of impervious structures of a "wall" that is implemented in the calculated complex of a computer is analyzed. To use the results obtained in engineering calculations, tables and charts, which make it possible, varying structural parameters for initial data, to define the technical efficiency of impervious structures, have been compiled. Examples of the calculation, determination of the "wall" width, characteristics of the filler material, loss of pressure in the soil body, in the section before the "wall", permissible water inflow, technical efficiency under the given constraints, are presented. Prediction of these parameters, distribution of pressures beyond the contour of the pit and water inflow will make it possible to avoid negative consequences, deformations of buildings and structures adjacent to the construction site.
Key words: impervious structures, calculation of basic parameters, technical efficiency.
- REFERENCES
1. Margolin V. M. Study of key parameters of impervious structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 12, pp. 73-76.
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- BUILDING MECHANICS
- About the Stress-Strain State of Elements of a Contact Node of «Metal-Concrete» Type When Isotropic Concrete Samples Are Put to Compress Test
- UDC 691:620.1
Lev M. ABRAMOV1, e-mail: levabramov@yandex.ru
Igor L. ABRAMOV2, e-mail: levabramov@yandex.ru
Marina A. GALKINA1, e-mail: aviapetra@mail.ru
1 Kostroma State Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Uchebnyy gorodok, 34, pos. Karavaevo, Kostromskoy rayon, Kostromskaya obl. 156530, Russian Federation
2 PrintBoks, prospekt Kalinina, 17, Tver 170001, Russian Federation
Abstract. A number of factors that significantly affect the conditions of deformation of concrete samples during the test are considered. To improve the objectivity of test results, it is first necessary to minimize the value of the abrasive component of an integral force. With this purpose, the methodology, according to which a visco-plastic element was installed between the contact surface of the sample and the plate of the testing machine, has been developed. To analyze the stress-strain state of an isotropic concrete sample under loading, a model of the elasto-plastic body, which is recommended for calculating concrete and reinforced concrete structures according to limit states of the first group, was used. Boundary conditions were defined in terms of displacements, the value of which does not exceed the limit elastic values calculated by the value of elastic limit deformation. Results of the numerical solution with the use of the software ANSYS are presented. The overall picture of the stress-strain state makes it possible to conclude that contact pressures are extremely uneven distributed on the contact surface at the maximum value of the friction coefficient.
Key words: Poisson's ratio, isotropic concrete sample, compression, displacement, strain, visco-elastic layer, model of elasto-plastic body.
- REFERENCES
1. Bazhenov Yu. M. Tekhnologiya betona [Technology of concrete]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2002. 500 p. (In Russian).
2. Abramov L. M. Estimation of the effect of the friction forces in the determination of the compressive strength to control samples. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2014, no. 1, pp. 6-9. (In Russian).
3. Abramov L. M., Galkina M. A., Orekhov A. V. The bases of tehnologicheskoy lubricant for tests on concrete specimens in compression. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2015, no. 1, pp. 12-15. (In Russian).
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9. Zhidkov A. V. Primenenie sistemy ANSYS k resheniyu zadach geometricheskogo i konechno-elementnogo modelirovaniya [System application of ANSYS to solve problems of geometric and finite element modeling]. N. Novgorod, 2006. 115 p. (In Russian).
10. Chigarev A. V. ANSYS dlya inzhenerov [ANSYS for engineers]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 2004. 512 p. (In Russian).
- JUBILEE OF ORGANIZATION
- Investment Construction Project Association «Kostromagorstroy» - 20 years
- Eugeny G. NAGOROV