Published since 1923
DOI: 10.33622/0869-7019
Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) на платформе Web of Science



Contents of issue № 2 (february) 2017

  • UBILEE OF ORGANIZATION
  • Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton»: 65 Years
  • Mark N. GORBOVETS, e-mail: m.gorbovets@plehanova7.ru
    Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton», ul. Plehanova, 7, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
  • BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
  • Thermal Efficient Enclosing Structures of Buildings with the Use of Polystyrene Concretes Developed by Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton»
  • UDC 691.327:666.972.54
    Viñtor A. RAKHMANOV, å-mail: institute@unicon-zsk.ru
    Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton», ul. Plehanova, 7, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Domestic energy efficient polystyrene building materials used in new construction, reconstruction and overhaul repair of civil and public buildings and structures with due regard for strict requirements for thermal protection of enclosing structures are considered. Advantages of the universal construction system "UNICON" developed by the institute "VNIIzhelezobeton" in comparison with cellular concretes of different densities are scientifically substantiated. Technological solutions concerning structural characteristics of the "UNICON" system are presented. Import-substituting domestic technologies of the construction of energy efficient buildings of a new generation according to the "UNICON", "UNICON-2", and "UNICON-3" systems with "thin" single-layer external walls made of polystyrene concrete at high cost efficiency of enclosing structures fully meet modern strict requirements for energy- and resource saving.
    Key words: polystyrene concrete, system "Unicon", import substitution, thermal efficient enclosing structures of buildings.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bazhenov Yu. M. Ways of development of building materials: new concrete. Tekhnologii betonov, 2012, no. 3-4, pp. 39-42. (In Russian).
    2. Gusev B. V. The stress-strain state in concrete as a composite material. Tekhnologii betonov, 2015, no. 1-2, pp. 21-25. (In Russian).
    3. Gusev B. V., Falikman V. R. Concrete and reinforced concrete in the era of sustainable development. Evraziyskiy soyuz uchenykh, 2015, no. 2, p. 15. (In Russian).
    4. Rakhmanov V. A., Dovzhik V. G. Standardization of polystyrene extends its use in construction. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1999, no. 5, pp. 6-8. (In Russian).
    5. Rakhmanov V. A., Dovzhik V. G. Properties and design characteristics of the poly-stirolbioteh heat-insulating construction material for outer self-supporting walls. 2-y Mezhdunar. simpozium po konstruktsionnym legkim betonam. Norvegiya, 2000, pp. 680-690. (In Russian).
    6. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Kazarin S. K. The development and application of energy-saving polystyrene walling system "Unicon" VNIIzhelezobetona. Sb. dokl. II Vseros. (Mezhdunar.) konf. po betonu i zhelezobetonu. Moscow, 2005. Pp. 245-255. (In Russian).
    7. Rakhmanov V. A. The method of determining the composition of the polystyrene concrete with the required strength and minimum density. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2009, no. 7, pp. 45-47. (In Russian).
    8. Rakhmanov V. A., Kozlovskiy A. I. Modern aspects of ecological safety of production and use of polystyrene in building. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2009, no. 2, pp. 6-9. (In Russian).
    9. Rakhmanov V. A. Energy saving in construction on the basis of application innovatsionnoi manufacturing technology particularly easy polistirolbetona. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 8, pp. 61-62. (In Russian).
    10. Rakhmanov V. A. The innovative technology of polystyrene with optimal properties. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI v., 2011, no. 9, pp. 37-41. (In Russian).
    11. Rakhmanov V. A. Energy efficient construction with the use of enclosing structures of polystyrene. Stroitel'stvo. Novye tekhnologii, novoe oborudovanie i novye materialy, 2011, no. 11, pp. 9-13. (In Russian).
    12. Rakhmanov V. A. New national standard for polystyrene. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2013, no. 6, pp. 24-26. (In Russian).
    13. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Yunkevich A. V. Particularly lightweight polystyrene concrete is an effective material for the construction of energy efficient buildings. Mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf. "Stroitel'naya nauka XXI v.: teoriya, obrazovanie, praktika, innovatsii po Severo-Arkticheskomu regionu": sb. dokl. Arkhangel'sk, 2015. Pp. 374-377. (In Russian).
    14. Rakhmanov V. A. Energy efficient construction on the basis of import-substituting high technology "Unicon". Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 8, pp. 50-52. (In Russian).
    15. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 99032. Stroitel'naya sistema zdaniy [Construction system of buildings]. Rakhmanov V. A., Roslyak Yu. V., Melikhov V. I., Yunkevich A. V. (In Russian).
    16. Patent na izobretenie RU 14951. Perekrestno-pustotnyy stroitel'nyy element [Cross-hollow construction element]. Rakhmanov V. A., Kazarin S. K. (In Russian).
    17. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 91352. Teploizolyatsionnyy plitnyy element [Insulating plate element]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Mishukov N. E. (In Russian).
    18. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 101061. Nadproemnaya peremychka iz osobo legkogo betona [Nadbramna jumper from especially lightweight concrete]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Mishukov N. E., Safonov A. A. (In Russian).
    19. Rekomendatsii po proektirovaniyu energoeffektivnykh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy zdaniy sistemy "UNIKON" [Design guidelines energy efficient building envelope system "UNICON"]. Moscow, Moskomarkhitektura Publ., 2002. (In Russian).
    20. Zayavka v Rospatent na izobretenie ¹ 2016135975. Negoryuchiy polistirolbeton [Non-flammable polystyrene]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Kapaev G. I., Kozlovskiy A. I. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Rakhmanov V. A. Thermal efficient enclosing structures of buildings with the use of polystyrene concretes developed by institute «VNIIzhelezobeton». Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 9-18. (In Russian).
  • Optimized Computational Model of Composition and Properties of Polystyrene Concrete Produced by Innovative Special Technology
  • UDC 691.327:691.175.746.222
    Victor A. RAKHMANOV, å-mail: institute@unicon-zsk.ru
    Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton», ul. Plehanova, 7, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
    Abstract. A computational model "composition-density-strength" of polystyrene concrete which is considered as a two-component material consisting of a filler, grains of expanded granulated polystyrene, and a porous cement matrix is presented. Mathematical dependences for determining the strength and density of polystyrene concrete, calculation of a specific content of cement as well as for calculating the coefficient of cement hydration and the calculation coefficient of thermal conductivity are given. The computational model developed on the basis of the innovative special technology of fabrication of polystyrene concrete products makes it possible to produce a material with prescribed properties, required strength at minimal density. At this, polystyrene concrete density, cement consumption, and heat conductivity are reduced comparing with the common technology.
    Key words: polystyrene concrete, computational model of composition, strength, density, expanded granulated polystyrene, ratio of cement hydration, special technology.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Rakhmanov V. A., Dovzhik V. G., Amkhanitskiy G. Ya. Improvement of properties and optimizing the composition of polystyrene. Sb. dokl. II Vseros. (mezhdunar.) konf. po betonu i zhelezobetonu. Moscow, 2005, vol. IV, pp. 135-147. (In Russian).
    2. Rakhmanov V. A. The method of determining the composition of the polystyrene concrete with the required strength and minimum density. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2009, no. 7, pp. 45-47. (In Russian).
    3. Rakhmanov V. A. Innovatsionnaya tekhnologiya polistirolbetona s optimal'nymi svoystvami. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI v., 2011, no. 9, pp. 37-41. (In Russian).
    4. Patent na izobretenie RU 2515664. Teploizolyatsionno-konstruktsionnyy polistirolbeton [Thermal insulation-structural polystyrene]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Kozlovskiy A. I., Yunkevich A. V. Declared. 18.03.2014 g. (In Russian).
    5. Zayavka v Rospatent no. 2016146529 ot 28.11.2016 g. Sposob zavodskogo izgotovleniya izdeliy iz polistirolbetona povyshennogo kachestva po spetstekhnologii [Method factory made products of polystyrene of high quality spetstehnologii]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Kazarin S. K., Yunkevich A. V., Mityugov D. V., Sidorenko K. A. (In Russian).
    6. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Safonov A. A. Design-laboratory methods of determination of thermal conductivity of composite material of polystyrene concrete and its components. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2015, no. 6, pp. 2-5. (In Russian).
    7. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Safonov A. A. Determination of design thermal performance of polystyrene. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2016, no. 1, pp. 5-6. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Rakhmanov V. A. Optimized computational model of composition and properties of polystyrene concrete produced by innovative special technology. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 19-23. (In Russian).
  • Experience in Production of Energy Efficient Polystyrene Concrete Products of «UNICON» System
  • UDC 666.982.2
    Victor A. RAKHMANOV, å-mail: institute@unicon-zsk.ru
    Sergey K. KAZARIN, å-mail: institute@unicon-zsk.ru
    Vladislav I. MELIKHOV, å-mail: V.Melikhov@vniizhbeton.ru
    Alexey V. YUNKEVICH, å-mail: A.Yunkevich@unicongroup.ru
    Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton», ul. Plehanova, 7, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Experience of plant production of polystyrene concrete products (blocks, slabs, lintel blocks) with advanced physical and technical characteristics such as increased resistance with minimum density and heat conductivity using special technology at plant JSC "UNICON-ZSK" is described. Specific features of plant technology are stated. Basic principles of design model "composition-resistance-density" for polystyrene concrete are mentioned. High efficiency of polystyrene concrete produced by usage of special technology and its implementation for nonbearing wall blocks of residential units (in comparison with autoclaved aerated concrete) is stated.
    Key words: polystyrene concrete, polystyrene concrete products, special plant technology, resistance, density, heat conductivity, expandable polystyrene concrete bead, volume content of expandable polystyrene concrete bead, discharge intensity of cement and water, ratio of cement hydration and concrete yield, reduced total heat resistance, estimated cost and labour intensivity.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Rakhmanov V. A., Kozlovskiy A. I., Varlamova A. V. About the environmental safety of the use of polystyrene in building. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1997, no. 2, pp. 18-20. (In Russian).
    2. Rakhmanov V. A., Kozlovskiy A. I. Modern aspects of ecological safety of production and use of polystyrene in building. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2009, no. 2, pp. 6-9. (In Russian).
    3. Melikhov V. I., Devyatov V. V., Shumilin V. I. Energy saving technology of heat treatment of polystyrene products. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1997, no. 2, pp. 17-18. (In Russian).
    4. Volkov L. A., Genkin S. A. Universal vibro-impact pad with multi-component fluctuations. Stroitel'nye materialy, 1996, no. 5, pp. 6-7. (In Russian).
    5. STO 86549669-001-2012. Rukovodstvo po proektirovaniyu i stroitel'stvu energoeffektivnykh zdaniy s sistemoy ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy Yunikon-2 iz osobo legkogo polistirolbetona [Guide for the design and construction of energy efficient buildings, enclosures system Unicon-2 of super-light polystyrene concrete]. Moscow, VNIIzhelezobeton Publ., 2012. 166 p. (In Russian).
    6. TR 001/221-86549669-13. Tekhnologicheskiy reglament na proizvodstvo polistirolbetonnykh izdeliy dlya sistemy "Yunikon-2" [Technological regulations for the production of polystyrene products for the system "Unicon-2"]. Moscow, VNIIzhelezobeton Publ. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Rakhmanov V. A., Kazarin S. K., Melikhov V. I., Yunkevich A. V. Experience in production of energy efficient polystyrene concrete products of «UNICON» system. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 24-28. (In Russian).
  • Special Innovative Technology for Producing Polystyrene Concrete of New Generation
  • UDC 691.327:691.175.746.222
    Victor A. RAKHMANOV, å-mail: institute@unicon-zsk.ru
    Vladislav I. MELIKHOV, å-mail: V.Melikhov@vniizhbeton.ru
    Grigoriy I. KAPAEV, å-mail: g.kapaev@vniizhbeton.ru
    Anatoliy I. KOZLOVSKIY
    Technological Institute «VNIIzhelezobeton», ul. Plehanova, 7, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of works performed by VNIIzhelezobeton for producing material of new generation such as fire-resistant polystyrene concrete correlating with standard regulations and requirements of resistance without increasing of its cost are described in this article. Fire-resistant polystyrene concrete with medium density not less than D300 with standard resistance and lower cost is achieved by using polystyrene concrete with lower quantity of filler such as expandable polystyrene concrete bead together with developed by VNIIzhelezobeton complicated air-entraining admixture with fire retardant features named as "UNICON Dorrit ÀÌ-802".
    Key words: polystyrene concrete, expandable polystyrene concrete bead, air-entraining fire retardant admixture, fire-resistance, compression resistance.
  • REFERENCES
    1. A. s. SSSR ¹ 516259. Sposob polucheniya ognestoykogo polistirola [A method of producing a flame retardant polystyrene]. V. I. Beylina, et. al. Published 25.02.1978. (In Russian).
    2. Patent RU 2470042. Ognestoykiy polistirol [Fire-resistant polystyrene]. V. D. Brauver, et al. Published 10.07.2011. (In Russian).
    3. Patent RU 2155727. Ognezashchitnaya shtukaturnaya kompozitsiya [Fire-resistant plaster composition]. Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., et al. Published 01.12.1998. (In Russian).
    4. Zayavka v Rospatent no. 2016135975 ot 17.09.2016. Negoryuchiy polistirolbeton [Non-flammable polystyrene]. Rakhmanov V. A., et al. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Rakhmanov V. A., Melikhov V. I., Kapaev G. I., Kozlovskiy A. I. Special innovative technology for producing polystyrene concrete of new generation. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 29-31. (In Russian).
  • Inspection and Renovation of Utility Pipelines
  • UDC 696.43:666.946:691.175.7
    Alexey V. YUNKEVICH, e-mail: A.Yunkevich@unicongroup.ru
    AO «UNICON-ZSK», ul. 2-ya Vladimirskaya, 62A, Moscow 111141, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Article includes results of comprehensive research work conducted by Technological institute VNIIzhelezobeton devoted to renovation of steel pipelines of district heating networks and utility pipelines with usage of new technologies, special inspection tools and cement polymeric compositions for creation protective coatings. New cement polymeric compositions for protection and renovation of operating characteristics of heating networks and water supply networks were offered. It was found that coating of the inner surface of the pipeline is not susceptible to cracking, water leakage and is resistant to temperature influence. Usage of developed composition is effective for pipelines with through corrosion up to 12 mm.
    Key words: utility pipelines, inspection, renovation, protective coatings, cement polymeric compositions.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Nikolaev A. E., Safonov A. A. Rehabilitation of thermal networks method of cementing. Novosti teplosnabzheniya, 2011, no. 11, pp. 43-49. (In Russian).
    2. Khramenkov S. V., Orlov V. A., Khar'kin V. A. Tekhnologii vosstanovleniya podzemnykh truboprovodov bestransheynymi metodami [Technologies of restoration of underground pipelines using trenchless methods]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2004. 236 p. (In Russian).
    3. Available at: http://unicon-pirs.ru/uslugi/sanatsiya-truboprovodov/ (accessed 12.01.2017). (In Russian).
    4. Patent na izobretenie 2506489. Cement-polymer mixture for anticorrosion and abrasive protection of inner surfaces of steel pipes of heat and water supply systems. Rakhmanov V. A., Kozlovskiy A. I., Safonov A. A., Yunkevich A. V., et al. Available at: http://www.freepatent.ru/patents/2506489 (accessed 12.01.2017). (In Russian).
  • For citation: Yunkevich A. V. Inspection and renovation of utility pipelines. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 32-34. (In Russian).
  • High-Strength Concrete with Disperse Additive
  • UDC 691.535:539.2
    Grigory I. YAKOVLEV1, e-mail: gyakov@istu.ru
    Galina D. FEDOROVA2, å-mail: fedorovagd@mail.ru
    Irina S. POLYÀNSKIKH1, å-mail:gism@istu.ru
    1 Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, ul. Studencheskaya, 7, Izhevsk 426069, Russian Federation
    2 North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, ul. Belinskogo, 58, Yakutsk 677000, Russian Federation
    Abstract. At present, the design technologies of high-strength concretes are actively developing due to the increasing demand for the qualitative concrete with high physical-technical characteristics. Main factors considerably influencing on the formation of the tight structure of concrete: designing of concrete, rheology, control over structure formation. The achievement of improved characteristics will contribute to the transition from micro-technologies to nano- technologies in combination with complex modification. Production of high-strength concretes is possible due to the directed action of multi-layered carbon nano-tubes in combination with thin-disperse additives in the form of micro-silica and hyper-plasticizing additives of a new generation on the basis of polycarboxylates. The main unsolved problem in this field is the absence of accounting of features in the design rules of compositions of modified high-strength concretes. At this, main moments demanding the accounting - directed structure formation at early times of concrete hardening when introducing the carbon nano-material, provision of required quality of fillers, disperse additives and control over rheological features of the modified concrete mix.
    Key words: high-strength concretes, nano-modification, polycarboxylate plasticizers, microsilica, carbon nanotubes, rheology.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Kaprielov S. S., Sheynfel'd A. V., Kardumyan G. S. Novye modifitsirovannye betony [The new modified concretes]. Moscow, Tipografiya "Paradiz", 2010. 238 p. (In Russian).
    2. Kalashnikov V. I., Gulyaeva E. V., Valiev D. M., et al. The highly effective powder activated concretes of various functional purposes using superplasticizers. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2011, no. 11, pp. 44-47. (In Russian).
    3. Kalashnikov V. I., Gulyaeva E. V. The influence of the types and dosage of superplasticizers on reotekhnology properties of cement suspensions, concrete mixes and the powder activated concretes. Tsement i ego primenenie, 2012, Mart-Aprel', pp. 66-68. (In Russian).
    4. Nesvetaev G. V., Davidyuk A. N., Khetagurov B. A. The self-consolidating concretes: some factors determining mix flow. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2009, no. 3, pp. 54-57. (In Russian).
    5. Garrekht G., Baumert K. Technical supplying and new inventions in the field of mixing technology of high-functional concretes. Sb. dokladov 1-ya Rossiysko-German konf. "Innovatsionnye betonnye tekhnologii", Moscow, 3-4 Oktyabrya 2012, pp. 8-9. (In Russian).
    6. Kalashnikov V. I. The development evolution of structures and change of concrete strength. Present and future of concretes. Part 1. Change of mixture and strength of concretes. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2016, no. 1-2, pp. 97-103. (In Russian).
    7. Falikman V. R. Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in modern concretes. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 1, pp. 31-34. (In Russian).
    8. Bulyarskiy S. V. Uglerodnye nanotrubki: tekhnologiya, upravlenie svoystvami, primenenie [The carbon nanotubes: technology, control of properties, application]. Ul'yanovsk, Strezhen Publ., 2011. (In Russian).
    9. Perfilov V. A., Alatortseva U. V., Atkina A. V. The fiber concrete with the use of nano-additives modificarea. Voprosy primeneniya nanotekhnologiy v stroitel'stve: sb. dokl. uchastnikov kruglogo stola, posvyashch. Mezhdunar.nedeli stroit. materialov. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2009. Pp. 105-110. (In Russian).
    10. Usov B. A., Okol'nikova G. E. The research of CNT influence on strenght, structure and phase structure of a cement matrix. Sistemnye tekhnologii, 2015, no. 16, pp. 81-95. (In Russian).
    11. Tret'yakov Yu. D., Lukashin A. V., Eliseev A. A. The synthesis of functional nanocomposites based on the solid phase nanoreactors. Uspekhi khimii, 2004, no. 73 (9), pp. 974-998. (In Russian).
    12. Fedorova G. D., Matveeva O. I., Nikolaev E. P. About opportunities of high-strength concrete using for monolithic construction under conditions of the North. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 8, pp. 30-32. (In Russian).
    13. Yakovlev G. I., Pervushin G. N., Korzhenko A., et al. The modification of cement concretes by multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2011, no. 2, pp. 47-51. (In Russian).
    14. Yakovlev G. I., Politaeva A. I., Shaybadulina A. V., et al. Stability of water dispersions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2014, no. 1-2, pp. 8-11. (In Russian).
    15. Fedorova G. D., Mestnikov V. V., Matveeva O. I., Nikolaev E. P. Features of high-strength concrete creation for concreting of monlitthic constructions in the far north conditions. Procedia Engineering, 2013, no. 57, pp. 264-269.
    16. Bazhenov Yu. M., Falikman V. R., Bulgakov B. I. Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in modern concrete technology. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 12, pp. 125-133. (In Russian).
    17. Morozov N. M., Khozin V. G., Muginov Kh. G., Gayfullin N. E. The selection of superplasticizer for high-strength fine grain concrete. Stroitel'nyy kompleks Rossii. Nauka. Obrazovanie. Praktika: materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. Ulan-Ude, VSGUTU Publ., 2012. Pp. 188-190. (In Russian).
    18. Deyze T., Khornung O., Mel'man M. Using of standard cements in concrete production with ultrahigh operating abilities. Betonnyy zavod, 2009, no. 3, pp. 4-11. (In Russian).
    19. Panchenko A. I., Kharchenko I. Ya. The fine mineral binder "Mikrodur": properties, technology and prospects of usage. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2005, no. 10, pp. 76-78. (In Russian).
    20. Middendorf B., Singh N. B. Nanoscience and nanotechnology in cementitious materials. Cement International, 2006, no. 4, pð. 80-86.
    21. Garboczi E. J. Concrete nanoscience and nanotechnology: Definitions and applications. Nanotechnology in construction: proceedings of the NICOM3 (3rd international symposium on nanotechnology in construction). Prague, Czech Republic, 2009, p. 81-8.
    22. Sanchez F., Zhang L. Molecular dynamics modeling of the interface between surface functionalized graphitic structures and calcium-silicate-hydrate: interaction energies, structure, and dynamics. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2008, vol. 323, part 2, pp. 349-358.
    23. Yakovlev G. I., Pervushin G. N., Lushnikova A. A., Pudov I. A., Korzhenko A., Leonovich S. N., Buryanov A. F. Modification of the cement concrete with multilayer carbon nanotubes. Proc. of the III International Conference "Nanotechnology for Eco-friendly and Durable construction", Cairo, 2011. (CD).
  • For citation: Yakovlev G. I., Fedorova G. D., Polyànskikh I. S. High-strength concrete with disperse additive. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 35-42. (In Russian).
  • Change with Time in Rheological Properties of Nano-Modified Cement Systems
  • UDC 691.322
    Gintautas SKRIPKIUNAS1, e-mail: gintautas.skripkiunas@vgtu.lt
    Grigory I. YAKOVLEV2, e-mail: gyakov@istu.ru
    Åkaterina A. KARPOVA1, e-mail: ekaterina.karpova@vgtu.lt
    Elfai Ali Elsaed Mohamed MOHAMED2, e-mail: gism@istu.ru
    1 Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio av. 11, Vilnius, LT-10223, Lithuania
    2 Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Studencheskaya ul., 7, Izhevsk, 426069, Russian Federation
    Abstract. With the rise in popularity of monolithic construction and increase in requirements for quality of concrete mixes and concrete structures, material engineers meet the current problems connected with development of compositions of high-efficient concrete mixes, their placing and creation of structures on their basis and provision of the necessary list of normative documents for construction industry. The use of complex modifiers on the basis of efficient plasticizers and carbon nanostructures is a prospective direction of developing a new generation of concretes. Carbon nanostructures due to specific physical-chemical and energetic characteristics are able to influence on the rheological properties of cement systems and, as a consequence, on operational qualities of concrete. Results of the influence of a complex modifier on the basis of the polycarboxylate and multi-layered carbon nanotubes on the rheological properties of cement systems are presented. Data obtained during the experiment were processed on the basis of Bingham model. Dependences of viscosity and yield stress on the time are presented. The evaluation of the efficiency of additive application and its influence on the thixotropic properties of cement paste is made. In addition, the influence of this additive and its collaborative introduction with silica fume on the physical-technical characteristics of the concrete is analyzed.
    Key words: concrete, carbon nanotubes, cement system, rheological properties, Bingham model, silica fume, nano-additives.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bogdanov R. R., Ibragimov R. A., Izotov V. S. The research of influence of super- and hyperplasticizers on the basic properties of the cement paste. Izvestiya KGASU, 2013, no. 2(24), pp. 221-225. (In Russian).
    2. Ali Mardani-Aghabaglou, Murat Tuyan, Gokhan Yýlmaz, et al. Effect of different types of superplasticizer on fresh, rheological and strength properties of self-consolidating concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 2013, no. 47, pp.1020-1025.
    3. Dobshits L. M., Kononova O. V., Animisov S. N., Leshkanov A. Yu. The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizers on the structure formation of cement pastes. Fundamental'nye issledovaniya, 2014, no. 5, pp. 945-948. (In Russian).
    4. Nizina T. A., Ponomarev A. N., Kochetkov S. N., Kozeev A. A. The effect of nanomodified polycarboxylate plasticizers on the strength and the rheological characteristics of cement composites. Sbornik tezisov 5oy ezhegodnoy konferentsii Nanotekhnologicheskogo obshchestva Rossii, 16 dekabrya 2013, Moscow, 2013. C. 145-148. (In Russian).
    5. Kiski S. S., Ageev I. V., Ponomarev A. N., et al. The research of the possibility of modifying carboxylate-based plasticizers in the composition of the modified fine-grained concrete mixtures. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal, 2012, no. 8, pp. 42-46. (In Russian).
    6. Khozin V. G., Abdrakhmanova L. A., Nizamov R. K. Common concentration pattern of effects of construction materials nanomodification. Stroitelnye materialy, 2015, no. 2, pp. 25-33. (In Russian).
    7. Bazhenov Yu. M., Falikman V. R., Bulgakov B. I. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology in modern concrete technology. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 12, pp. 125-133. (In Russian).
    8. Yakovlev G., et al. Modification of construction materials with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Procedia Engineering, 2013, vol. 57, pp. 407-413.
    9. Kim H. K., et al. Enhanced effect of carbon nanotube on mechanical and electrical properties of cement composites by incorporation of silica fume. Composite Structures, 2014, vol. 107, pp. 60-69.
    10. Tamimi A., et al. Performance of cementitious materials produced by incorporating surface treated multiwall carbon nanotubes and silica fume. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, vol. 114, pp. 934-945.
    11. Sobolev K., et al. Nano-engineered cements with enhanced mechanical performance. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2016, February, pp. 564-571.
    12. Morsy M. S., Alsayed S. H., Aqel M. Hybrid effect of carbon nanotube and nano-clay on physico-mechanical properties of cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 2011, vol. 25, pp. 145-149.
    13. Madandoust R., et al. An experimental investigation on the durability of self-compacting mortar containing nano-SiO2, nano-Fe2O3 and nano-CuO.Construction and Building Materials, 2015, vol. 86, pp. 44-50.
    14. Mohseni E., et al. Single and combined effects of nano-SiO2, nano-Al2O3 and nano-TiO2 on the mechanical, rheological and durability properties of self-compacting mortar containing fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, vol. 84, pp. 331-340.
    15. Patent WO 2014/080144A1. Procede de preparation d'un mélange maitre a base de nanocharges carbonees et de superplastifiant, et son utilisation dans des systemes inorganiques durcissables / Korzhenko A., Nincendeau Ch., Lushnikova A., Yakovlev G. I., Pervushin G. N.
    16. Karpova E. A., Mokhamed A. E., Skripkyunas G., et al. The modification of cement concrete by the complex additives based on polycarboxylate esters, carbon nanotubes and silica fume. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2015, no. 2, pp. 40-47. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Skripkunas G., Yakovlev G. I., Karpova Å. A., Elfai Ali Elsaed Mohamed Mohamed. Change with time in rheological properties of nano-modified cement systems. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 43-50. (In Russian).
  • On the Issue of Saw-Tooth Character of Cement Blocks Hardening
  • UDC 666.941:539.4
    Gennady N. PSHENICHNY, å-mail: pgn46@mail.ru
    Kuban State Technological University, Moskovskaya ul., 2, Krasnodar 350072, Russian Federation
    Abstract. A superficial character of interaction of the cement system which presents the stage-by-stage formation of transition energy complexes in the interfacial area with their development (energy accumulation), achieving a critical level, decomposition (appearance of new particles) and rapid (explosive) chemistry of the phenomenon lies in the nature of the "saw-tooth" process. The "structural arrangement" of meta-stable transition complexes which represent spatial poly-molecular compositions of a tent (six supports, most probably) configuration dispersed in a certain way on the clinker backing is clarified. Hydration process involves the stage filling of marked micro-surfaces of cement particles with the amorphous silicate hydrate with subsequent slow hardening and formation of residual surface-active zones detected by microscopy in the form of cylindrical pores and channels in the hydro-silicate mass. Marked non-hydrated zones themselves represent the objects of later chemical transformations, become the cause of internal stresses and discharge of micro-concrete strength (concrete and reinforced concrete as a whole). This should be taken into account in the theory of the science of concrete and construction practice.
    Key words: concrete and micro-concrete, hydration, staging and superficiality of process, residual surface-active zones, strength discharges.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Pshenichny G. N. About scientific and technical support of concrete and reinforced concrete technology. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2015, no. 4, pp. 47-53. (In Russian).
    2. Pshenichny G. N. The frequency of discharges of the strength of cement concrete: myth or reality. Bezopasnost truda v promyshlennosti, 2015, no. 3, pp. 60-65. (In Russian).
    3. Kind V. A. Khimicheskaia kharakteristika portlandtsementa [Chemical characteristic of portland cement]. Leningrad-Moscow, Gosstroiizdat Publ., 1932. Pp. 3-4. (In Russian).
    4. Kuznetsova T. V., Kudriashev I. V., Timashev V. V. Fizicheskaia khimiia viazhushchikh materialov [Physical chemistry of cementitious materials]. Moscow, Vysshaia shkola Publ., 1989. 384 p. (In Russian).
    5. Malinin Iu. S., et al. To the question of hydration and hardening of cement. Doklady mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii po problemam uskoreniia tverdeniia betona pri izgotovlenii sbornykh zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsii. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1968. Pp. 89-90. (In Russian).
    6. Zenin S. V. Osnovy biofiziki vody [The basics of the biophysics of water]. Moscow, 2011. 50 p. (In Russian).
    7. Li F. M. Khimiia tsementa i betona [Chemistry of cement and concrete]. Moscow, Gosstroiizdat Publ., 1961. 646 p. (In Russian).
    8. Shpynova L. G., Chikh V. I., Sanitskii M. A. [i dr.]. Fiziko-khimicheskie osnovy formirovaniia struktury tsementnogo kamnia [Physico-chemical principles of formation of structure of cement stone]. Lvov : Lvovskii gos. un-t, 1981. 160 p. (In Russian).
    9. Pshenichny G. N. A chronic problem in concrete sciences. Tekhnika i tekhnologiia silikatov, 2011, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 4-11. (In Russian).
    10. Shmitko E. I., Krylova A. V., Shatalova V. Khimiia tsementa i viazhushchikh veshchestv [Chemistry of cement and binders]. Voronezh, VGASU Publ., 2005. 164 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Pshenichny G. N. On the issue of saw-tooth character of cement blocks hardening. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 50-54. (In Russian).
  • The Use of Waterproofing Additive «Penetron Admix» for Exclusion of External Waterproofing of Underground Reinforced Concrete Structures
  • UDC 69.025:699.82
    Denis V. BALAKIN, e-mail: denis@penetron.ru
    ZAO GK «Penetron-Rossiya», pl. Zhukovskogo, 1, Ekaterinburg 620076, Russian Federation
    Dmitriy A. ERMOLAEV
    Pavel Yu. ISAKOV
    Yuriy N. KARNET
    IVTs «Tekhnologiya», ul. Khokhryakova, 98, Ekaterinburg 620144, Russian Federation, e-mail: 2789606@rambler.ru
    Abstract. The impact of an additive developed by specialists of GK "Penetron" and introduced into the concrete mix at the stage of its preparation, which at the presence of shrinkage and force cracks and free water also actively initiates the process of formation of new crystals which fill free volumes between particles of the concrete, is analyzed. The creation of crystalline hydrates at the presence of water in the cracks connects their edges and recreates a whole concrete structure with waterproofing of up to W20. Results of the study conducted at the experimental part of the underground parking covering in Yekaterinburg show that a reinforced concrete roof slab made without horizontal waterproofing but with the use of the "Penetron Admix" additive in the amount of 1% of cement mass didn't pass the water through itself into the inner underground space during 43 months. Thus, the presence of the "Penetron Admix" additive in the concrete makes it possible to increase the efficiency of "dry" underground spaces, including the construction of parkings, without the use of adhesive or spray-on waterproofing outside reinforced concrete structures.
    Key words: underground parkings, reinforced concrete structures, external waterproofing, waterproofing additive "Penetron Admix".
  • REFERENCES
    1. Report on the "Experimental study of the change of the impermeability of concrete for 43 months, as well as the effect of "self-healing" cracks in a concrete slab of the underground Parking area "Academic" in Ekaterinburg, made with waterproofing additive "Penetron Admix". Ekaterinburg, IVTS "Tekhnologiya", 2016. (In Russian).
    2. Pomazkin E. P. Waterproofing of enclosing structures in winter. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 11, pp. 89-91. (In Russian).
    3. Available at: http://penetron.ru/penebar (accessed 17.11.2016). (In Russian).
    4. The report "Investigation of the concrete structure on the chip by electron microscopy". Ekaterinburg, UTSKP "Sovremennye tekhnologii", 2016. (In Russian).
    5. The report "Study of the dynamics of the growth process of crystalline formations in the concrete after the treatment waterproofing materials "Penetron". Moscow, FGUP "Rossiyskiy yadernyy tsentr - Vserossiyskiy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut tekhnicheskoy fiziki imeni akademika E. I. Zababakhina", 2008. (In Russian).
    6. Report on the control test the waterproofing properties of the additive "Penetron Admix" in the presence of cracks in concrete. BauTechnologie. Ing. Wilhelm. Perchtoldsdorf, Herzogbergstrabe, 155 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Balakin D. V., Ermolaev D. A., Isakov P. Yu., Karnet Yu. N. The use of waterproofing additive "Penetron Admix" for exclusion of external waterproofing of underground reinforced concrete structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 55-59. (In Russian).
  • NEWS OF RAACS
  • Chronicle of the events of 2016
  • BUILDING STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
  • Efficient Energy-Saving Enclosing Structures of Buildings
  • UDC 69.022.3:699.86
    Lu TSIN, e-mail: lujing8212@hotmail.com
    Hunan University, Faculty of Arhitecture, Yuelushan, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China
    Abstract. Issues of the use of efficient energy-saving technologies and materials when constructing buildings and structures as well as various structural concepts of façade systems in terms of providing the rated temperature conditions in buildings are considered. It is shown that energy-efficient buildings are only those, in the course of designing, construction, and operation of which, all possible energy-saving measures are realized. The strategy of reducing the energy consumption of a building can be realized with the help of various measures which can be combined creating different façade systems and adapting them to the corresponding thermal characteristics of object's structures, and demands of consumers. Structural concepts widely used in the world practice and problems of their use in construction as well as trends in the development of façade systems at the present stage are analyzed. Comparative characteristics of thermal parameters of elements of façade systems are presented; recommendations on using various structural solutions of façade systems when constructing residential and public buildings are made.
    Key words: civil engineering, energy saving, facade systems, heat insulating materials, enclosing structures.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Chow Wan-Ki. A discussion on tall building fire safety in the Asia-Oceania Regions. Fire Science and Technology 2015. Proc. of 10th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017, pp. 61-72.
    2. Counsell John. The potential of living labs for smart heritage building adaptation. Advanced Technologies for Sustainable Systems. Selected Contributions from the International Conference on Sustainable Vital Technologies in Engineering and Informatics, BUE ACE1 2016, 7-9 November 2016, Cairo, Egypt, edited by Yehia Bahei-El-Din and Maguid Hassan. Cham, Springer Publ., 2016, pp. 41-50.
    3. Shrivastava Apurv, Devarshi Chaurasia, Shweta Saxena. Parameters for assessing a building project within the purview of constructability. Advances in Human Factors, Business Management, Training and Education. Proc. of the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Human Factors, Business Management and Society, 27-31 July, 2016, Florida, USA, Cham, Springer Publ., 2016, pp. 1209-1214.
    4. Zhang Zhenyu, Jingwei Hu, Liyin Shen. Green procurement management in building industry. An Alternative Environmental Strategy. Proc. of the 20th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. Singapore, Springer Publ., 2017, pp. 1217-1228.
    5. Liu Liang. Research on financing risks of green residential buildings. A Case Study of the Chengdu Langshi Green Blocks. Proc. of the enth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. Singapore, Springer Publ., 2017, pp. 1631-1642.
    6. Pedrinis Frédéric, Gilles Gesquière. Reconstructing 3D building models with the 2D cadastre for semantic enhancement. Advances in 3D Geoinformation. Cham, Springer Publ., 2017, pp. 119-135.
    7. Nemova D. V . Ventilated facades: a review of major problems. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal, 2010, no. 5, pp. 7-11.(In Russian).
    8. Vatin N. I., Nemova D. V., Rymkevich P. P., Gorshkov A. S. The influence of the level of thermal protection of walling on the magnitude of heat losses in the building. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal, 2012, no. 8 (34), pp. 4-14. (In Russian).
    9. Granovsky A. V., Khaktaev S. S. On the issue of using facade heat insulating composite systems for walls of buildings constructed in normal and earthquake-prone regions of Russia. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 4, pp. 41-46. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Lu Tsin. Efficient energy-saving enclosing structures of buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 66-69. (In Russian).
  • Strength Calculation of Keyed Joints of Floor Elements of Structural System «ARCOS»
  • UDC 624.046.3:624.078.34
    Oksana A. DOVZHENKO, e-mail: O_O_Dovzhenko@mail.ru
    Vladimir V. POGREBNOY, e-mail: V.V.Pogrebnoy@mail.ru
    Julia V. CHURSA, e-mail: Jylia21@mail.ru
    Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University, Pervomajskij prosp., 24, Poltava 36011, Ukrainian
    Abstract. The precast-monolithic technology of construction of multi-storey frame buildings is widely presented now at the affordable housing market. The structural system "ARKOS" is one of the examples of its implementation in which the resting of multi-hollow slabs on monolithic beams is realized with the help of concrete keys. Collaboration of the floor slabs and not-load-bearing beams is also provided by the keyed joints. One of the directions of their improvement is a development of efficient calculation method. The Poltava National Technical University proposes a general method for strength calculation of keyed joints of concrete and reinforced concrete elements on the basis of the variation method in the concrete plasticity theory which is based on the consideration of destruction nature and takes into account the set of factors determining the strength: concrete resistance to compression and tension, geometric parameters of keys, shape of cross-section, sloping angle of a supporting surface, level of compression, amount of reinforcement and character of its location, number of keys. An algorithm of solving the strength problem of the concrete (reinforced concrete) key is presented; the table for engineering calculations is made. The calculation of the keyed joints strength bearing of multi-hollow core slabs on monolithic beams has been made.
    Key words: keyed joints, structural system "ARKOS", plasticity theory, variational method, destruction nature, strength.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Sborno-monolitnaya karkasnaya sistema MVB-01 s ploskimi perekrytiyami dlya zdaniy razlichnogo naznacheniya [Precast frame system DHS-01 with flat slabs for various buildings]. Ser. B1.020.1-7. Minsk, NIEP GP BelNIIS Publ., 1998. 25 p. (In Russian).
    2. Äîâæåíêî Î. Î., Ïîãð_áíèé Â. Â., ×óðñà Þ. Â. Ìåòîäèêà ðîçðàõóíêó øïîíêîâèõ ç'ºäíàíü çàë_çîáåòîííèõ åëåìåíò_â. Â_ñíèê íàö_îíàëüíîãî óí_âåðñèòåòó "Ëüâ_âñüêà ïîë_òåõí_êà". "Òåîð_ÿ _ ïðàêòèêà áóä_âíèöòâà", 2013, no. 755, pp. 111-117. (In Ukrainian).
    3. Mitrofanov V. P. Variational method in the theory of ideal plasticity concrete. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy, 1990, no. 6, pp. 23-28. (In Russian).
    4. Geniev G. A., Kisyuk V. N., Tyupin G. A. Teoriya plastichnosti betona i zhelezobetona [Theory of plasticity of concrete and reinforced concrete]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1974. 316 p. (In Russian).
    5. Äîâæåíêî Î. Î., Ïîãð_áíèé Â. Â. Äî ïèòàííÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ ìåæ_ ðåàë_çàö_¿ çð_çîâî¿ ôîðìè ðóéíóâàííÿ áåòîííèõ åëåìåíò_â. Â_ñíèê Îäåñüêî¿ äåðæàâíî¿ àêàäåì_¿ áóä_âíèöòâà òà àðõ_òåêòóðè, 2012, no. 47, pp. 406-417. (In Ukrainian).
    6. Äîâæåíêî Î. Î. Ì_öí_ñòü øïîíêîâèõ ç'ºäíàíü áåòîííèõ _ çàë_çîáåòîííèõ åëåìåíò_â: åêñïåðèìåíòàëüí_ äîñë_äæåííÿ. Poltava, PoltNTU _m. Yu. Kondratyuka Publ., 2015. 181 p. (In Ukrainian).
    7. Ashkinadze G. I., Sokolov M. E., Martynova L. D., et al. Zhelezobetonnye steny seysmostoykikh zdaniy. Issledovanie i osnovy proektirovaniya [Reinforced concrete walls of earthquake-resistant buildings. Research and design principles]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1988. 504 p. (In Russian).
    8. Norimono T., Katori K., Hayashi S. Analytical study on relations between form and shear behavior of shear key on joints of precast concrete structure. J. Structural Constructors Engineering. Architectural Institute of Japan, 1996, no. 9, pp. 835-836. (In Russian).
    9. Dovzhenko O. A., Pogrebnoy V. V., Karabash L. V. Comparative analysis of calculation of strength of concrete (reinforced concrete) dowels according to the existing methods. Resurso- i energoeffektivnye tekhnologii v stroitel'nom komplekse regiona [Resource- and energy-efficient technologies in the construction complex of the region]. Sb. nauch. tr. po materialam Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Saratov, SGTU Publ., 2014. pp. 279-284. (In Russian).
    10. Ibrahim I.S., Padil K. H., Mansoor H., Bady A., Saim A. A., Sarbini N. Ultimate shear capacity and failure of shear keys connection in precast concrete construction. Malayzian Journal of Civil Engineearing, 2014, no. 26(3), pp. 414-430.
    11. Jorgensen H. B., Hoang Linh Cao. Load carrying capacity of keyed joints reinforced with high strength wire rope loops. Proc. of fib Symposium Concrete - Innovation and Design, Copenhagen, May 18-20, 2015. 13 ð.
    12. Araujo D. L., Debs M. K. Strength of shear connection in composite bridges with precast decks using high performance concrete and shear-keys. Materials and Structures, 2005, vol 38, no. 3, pð. 173-181.
    13. Ukazaniya po proektirovaniyu sborno-monolitnogo karkasa [Guidelines for the design of precast-monolithic frame]. Ser. B1.020.1-7. Vol. 0-1. Minsk, NIEP GP BelNIIS Publ., 1999. 20 p. (In Russian).
    14. Vlasnik patentu ¹ 23418. Spos_b ulashtuvannya zb_rno-monol_tnogo zal_zobetonnogo perekrittya MPK-2011.01. Kul_chenko _. _., Savits'kiy M. V. Declared 25.05.2007. Byul. no. 7. (In Ukrainian).
    15. EN 1992-1-1. Eurocode 2. Design of concrete structures. Part 1. 1992.
  • For citation: Dovzhenko O. A., Pogrebnoy V. V., Chursa Ju. V. Strength calculation of keyed joints of floor elements of structural system «ARCOS». Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 70-74. (In Russian).
  • BUILDING MECHANICS
  • Analysis of Stability Criteria of Structures on the Example of Systems with Lumped Parameters
  • UDC 624.046
    Leonid U. STUPISHIN, e-mail: lusgsh@yandex.ru
    Southwest State University, ul. 50 let Oktyabrya, 94, Kursk 305040, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Buckling is one of the most important limit states, which engineers and researchers pay special attention for a long time. However, there is still no consensus both on the causes of this phenomenon and the formulation of criteria that define a critical state. Most often, energy criteria of stability in the form of Timoshenko and Bryan are used in structural mechanics and stability theory of structures. In the first case, the total work of all forces acting on the system at the moment of buckling is examined. In the second case, the study concerns the inner energy of the system that makes it possible to solve the problems with due regard for thermal and similar effects. Despite the simplicity of formulation of the first approach and the generality of the second one, it is hard to say that they can include the whole range of stability problems emerging in the technique. The criterion of critical energy levels makes it possible to put and solve problems of stability without limiting the smallness of displacements, and the type of effects on the system. In addition, it is also designed for the formulation of boundary conditions. To understand the essence of above-mentioned criteria and illustrate their differences, the simple tasks in the form of systems with lumped parameters with one and several degrees of freedom are considered. The formulation and solution of stability problems both in the forms of Timoshenko and Bryan and in the form of the criterion of energy critical levels are analyzed. Advantages and shortcomings of considered approaches to the study of stability on the example of the model of structure with one or several degree of freedom are shown.
    Key words: critical force, energy criterion of stability in the form of Timoshenko and in the form of Bryan, criterion of energy critical levels.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bryan G. H. On the stability of a plane plate under thrusts in its own plane, with applications to the buckling of the sides of a ship. Proc. London Math. Soc., 1891. Vol. 22.
    2. Timoshenko S. P. Ustoychivost' uprugikh sistem [Stability of elastic systems]. Moscow, OGIS Publ., 1946. 532 p. (In Russian).
    3. Rzhanitsyn A. R. Ustoychivost' ravnovesiya uprugikh sistem [Stability of equilibrium of elastic systems]. Moscow, Gostekhizdat Publ., 1955. 475 p. (In Russian).
    4. Bolotin V. V. Dinamicheskaya ustoychivost' uprugikh sistem [Dynamic stability of elastic systems]. Moscow, Gostekhteorizdat Publ., 1956. 600 p. (In Russian).
    5. Vol'mir A. S. Ustoychivost' uprugikh sistem [Stability of elastic systems]. Moscow, Fizmatgiz Publ., 1963. 879 p. (In Russian).
    6. Panovko Ya. G., Gubanova I. I. Ustoychivost' i kolebaniya uprugikh sistem: Sovremennye kontseptsii, oshibki i paradoksy [Stability and oscillations of elastic systems: Modern concepts, paradoxes and errors]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1979. 384 p. (In Russian).
    7. Sanzharovskiy R. S. Ustoychivost' elementov stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy pri polzuchesti [The stability of structural elements under creep]. Leningrad, LGU Publ., 1984. 217 p. (In Russian).
    8. Trushin S. I., Ivanov S. A. Stability of elastic-plastic cylindrical shells in the process of static loading and unloading. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 3, pp. 33-34. (In Russian).
    9. Stupishin L. U., Nikitin K. E. Investigation of the shell's stability using the mixed finite element method. Advances in Civil, Architectural, Structural and Constructional Engineering. London, Taylor & Francis Group, 2016. Pp. 211-215.
    10. Stupishin L. Yu. Variation criterion of critical levels of deformable body internal energy. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 8, pp. 21-22. (In Russian).
    11. Alfutov N. A. Osnovy rascheta na ustoychivost' uprugikh sistem [Bases of calculation on stability of elastic systems]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1991. 336 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Stupishin L. U. Analysis of the criteria of stability of structures on the example of systems with lumped parameters. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 75-80. (In Russian).
  • Stress Distribution in Perforated I-Beams with Circular Openings under Transverse Bending
  • UDC 624.072.014.2
    Alexey I. PRITYKIN1,2, e-mail: prit_alex@mail.ru
    Anna S. LAVROVA1, e-mail: a.lavrova39@gmail.com
    1 Kaliningrad State Technical University, Sovetskiy prospekt, 1, Kaliningrad 236040, Russian Federation
    2 Baltic Federal University Immanuel Kant, ul. A.Nevsky, 14, Kaliningrad 236041, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The distribution of stresses in perforated I-beams with openings of a circular shape was considered using the computation by the finite element method. As an object of investigation, there were simply supported beams made of rolled section (GOST 26020) according to the waste-free technology which were loaded by concentrated force in the mid-span. On the basis of the analysis of results obtained, the empirical dependence for Von Mises Equivalent near the contour of the opening was provided; this dependence makes it possible to assess the level of maximum values of stresses in the perforated beam at the elastic stage of loading depending on the perforation: a relative depth of openings, relative width of lintel beam as well as dimensions of the cross-section. The expression for maximum equivalent stresses is presented in the form of the sum which takes into account the action of shear force and bending moment. The dependence obtained is convenient to use for comparison of the stress state of beams with different perforation of the wall. The comparison of computation results according to the obtained formula of stress level in the perforated beam with circular openings with the computations by FEM using the ANSYS program shows that the divergence is not more than 6%.
    Key words: perforated beam, circular openings, von Mises equivalent, transverse bending, empirical dependence, finite element method.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Vesraghavachary K. Stress distribution in castellated beam [Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå íàïðÿæåíèé â ïåðôîðèðîâàííûõ áàëêàõ]. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE Proceedings, 1972, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 78-82.
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    11. Dobrachev V. M., Litvinov E. V. Analytical determination of stress-strain state of web-post in perforated beams. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitel'stvo, 2003, no. 5, pp. 128-133. (In Russian).
    12. Pritykin A. I. Stress concentration in the beams with one row of hexagonal openings. Vestnik MGSU, 2009, no. 1, pp. 118-121. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Pritykin A. I., Lavrova A. S. Stress distribution in perforated i-beams with circular openings under transverse bending. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 81-85. (In Russian).
  • Experimental Investigation of Punching Shear Strength of Flat Reinforced Concrete Slabs
  • UDC 624.012.45.04
    Valery B. FILATOV, e-mail: vb_filatov@mail.ru
    Evgeny P. BUBNOV, e-mail: bubnovevgp@gmail.com
    Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute in «Samara State Technical University», Molodogvardeyskaya ul., 194, Samara 443001, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of the experimental study of the test samples of flat reinforced concrete slabs of a beamless frame under the punching by columns of square and rectangular cross-sections are presented. Designs of test samples are described; physical-mechanical characteristics of materials are determined. Results of the test for strength and rigidity of flat reinforced concrete slab samples under the punching force action are presented. A comparative analysis of the experimental values of failure loads depending on the shape of cross-section and the ratio of column sides is made. It is established that the present methods for calculation according to SP 63.13330.2012 overestimates the punching force of the flat reinforced concrete slab when the ratio of sides of the rectangular column cross-section is over two. The results of experimental studies conducted show that the calculation for punching according to the specified set of rules doesn't take into account the influence of the geometric form of the loading place that can lead to reducing the structural safety of flat slabs of reinforced concrete floors.
    Key words: flat reinforced concrete slab, beamless frame, column, punching shear, cracking, deflection, deformations.
  • REFERENCES
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    12. Muttoni A. Punching shear strength of reinforced concrete slabs without transverse reinforcement. ACI Structural Journal, 2008, vol. 105, no. 4, pp. 440-450.
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    14. Filatov V. B. Power resistance of the ferroconcrete monolithic flat plates of floorings at punching by rectangular columns. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN, 2012, vol. 14, no. 4-5, pp. 1322-1324. (In Russian).
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    16. Filatov V. B., Bubnov E. P., Alekseev A. K., Bruskov M. A., Galyautdinov Z. Sh., Proydin A. G. Analysis of influence of design parameters on strength reinforced concrete slabs at punching. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN, 2014, vol. 16, no. 4-3, pp. 646-649. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Filatov V. B., Bubnov E. P. Experimental investigation of punching shear strength of flat reinforced concrete slabs. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 86-91. (In Russian).
  • HEAT SUPPLY, VENTILATION, AIR CONDITIONING, LIGHTING
  • The Use of Vortex Heat Generators for Heating of Gas Distribution Points and Cabinets
  • UDC 62-684
    Sergey S. FEDOROV, e-mail: ssfedorov@list.ru
    Dmitriy N. TYUTYUNOV, e-mail: tjutjunov@mail.ru
    Natalia Å. SEMICHEVA, e-mail: nsemicheva@yandex.ru
    Southwest State University, 50 years of October, 94, Kursk 305040, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The problem of energy saving and increase in power efficiency when heating gas distribution points and cabinets of gas supply system is considered. The solution based on the Ranque-Hilsch effect when utilizing the heat in vortex tubes is proposed The power source for operation of such heat generators is unused kinetic energy of a gas stream when transiting from high to medium and from medium to low pressure in gas-distributing points and cabinets of city and settlement systems of gas supply. The mathematical analysis of main processes proceeding in the considered device is made in this work. The main dynamic parameters of a free whirlwind in a conic pipe are determined. Temperature of the surface of the considered vortex heat generator is theoretically determined. The comparative analysis of the values of temperature received theoretically and experimentally in the form of the diagram is made.
    Key words: heating, vortex heat generator, energy saving, mathematical analysis.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Klyueva N. V., Kolchunov V. I., Bukhtiyarova A. S. Resource-energy saving structural system for residential and public buildings with a preset level of structural safety. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 2, pp. 37-41. (In Russian).
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    10. Fedorov S. S., Klyueva N. V. Control over the system of single-circuit heat supply of buildings and structures at dependent connection to heating networks. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 3, pp. 76-79. (In Russian).
    11. Konstantinov I. S., Fedorov S. S. The control algorithm for multi-circuit system of heat supply of buildings and structures. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstruktsiya, 2015, no. 6(62), pp. 107-111. (In Russian).
    12. Fedorov S. S., Klyueva N. V., Bakaeva N. V. Optimization of the process control system of a heat supply of buildings. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstruktsiya, 2015, no. 5(61), pp. 90-95. (In Russian).
    13. Fedorov S. S., Tyutyunov D. N., Klyueva N. V. Managing the heating of buildings from a position of resource. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstruktsiya, 2013, no. 5(49), pp. 36-39. (In Russian).
    14. Merkulov A. P. Vikhrevoy effekt i ego primenenie v tekhnike [Vortex effect and its application in engineering]. Samara, Optima Publ., 1997. 348 p. (In Russian).
    15. Kobelev N. S., Kuvardina E. M., Kobelev V. N., Zhmakin V. A., Zenchenkov V. I. Environmentally safe construction buildings distribution station that uses the pressure of natural gas as source of thermal energy. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii, 2016, no. 1(18), pp. 93-99. (In Russian).
    16. Kobelev N. S., Alyab'eva T. V., Kobelev A. N., Mel'kumov V. N. The use of natural gas as a coolant in heat exchangers. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2010, no. 1(30), pp. 81-85. (In Russian).
    17. Kobelev N. S., Kobelev A. N., Polivanova T. V., Kobelev V. N., Polivanova S. A. Gas-distributing station of natural gas as resource-saving systems of heating industrial buildings. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2015, no. 6(63), pp. 69-72. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Fedorov S. S., Tyutyunov D. N., Semicheva N. Å. The use of vortex heat generators for heating of gas distribution points and cabinets. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 2, pp. 92-96. (In Russian).
  • CRITICISM AND BIBLIOGRAPHYA
  • New textbook on the dynamics of constructions