Published since 1923
DOI: 10.33622/0869-7019
Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) на платформе Web of Science

Contents of issue № 1 (january) 2017

  • JUBILEE OF ORGANIZATION
  • NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev: 90 Years in Construction
  • Alexey N. DAVIDYK, e-mail: 1747724@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
  • To the 120th Anniversary of the Birth of Professor A. A. Gvozdev
  • UDC 061.75:69
    Yuriy S. VOLKOV, e-mail: volkov@cstroy.ru
    JSC Research of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Andrey I. ZVEZDOV, e-mail: zvezdov@list.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
  • Building structures, buildings and facilities
  • Design-Arranged High-Speed Technology of Construction of Industrial Buildings
  • UDC 69.002.2
    Aleksej N. DAVIDYK, e-mail: 1747724@mail.ru
    Maksim Ja. JAKOBSON, e-mail: niizhb15@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Valerij V. TROPIN, e-mail: VVTropin@rosatom.ru
    OCKS Rosatoma, ul. Profsojuznaya, 65, korp. 1, Moscow 119180, Biznes-centr "LOTTE", Russian Federation
    Aleksandr R. ZEJFERT, e-mail: seiferta@mail.ru
    Chelyabinskij zavod ZhBI-1, ul. Geroev Tankograda, 1, korp. A, Chelyabinsk 454074, Russian Federation
    Igor' I. POCHINKIN, e-mail: pochinkin@mail.ru
    Proektnoe upravlenie "Shtrih", pl. III-go Internatsionala, 2, Zlatoust 456200, Chelyabinskaya obl., Russian Federation
    Aldar N. BUDAYEV, e-mail: aldar.budayev@structurama.it
    Structurama, ul. 5-ya Sovetskaya, 20, lit. A, pom. 27N, St. Petersburg 191036, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The innovative decisions in the field of design of prefabricated concrete buildings and structures, assembly of quickly erected large-span constructions are considered. During the past three years efforts are made to realize the design-arranged technology of prefabricated reinforced concrete which has some advantages: economic efficiency, high speed and quality of construction. For the first time in Russia the Chelyabinsk prefabricated concrete factory-1 mastered the design-arranged technology of manufacturing and fast assembling of large-span structures from pre-stressed precast reinforced concrete which makes it possible to produce the prefabricated frames for construction of buildings, bridges, overpasses, and other facilities. The comparative analysis of prefabricated reinforced concrete technology with metal structures or with monolithic reinforced concrete shows its efficiency, namely reduction in the cost of a product, assembling, and terms of construction-erection works. Techniques of the high-speed construction can be required for construction of social objects (schools, sports facilities, hospitals, multi-level parkings) and also high-rise buildings. For joint implementation of these projects it was decided to combine production capacities of the Branch Centre of the Capital Construction of the State Corporation "Rosatom" and scientific research of NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev of JSC Research Center of Construction.
    Key words: design-arranged technology of precast reinforced concrete, large-span constructions from pre-stressed precast concrete, minimal number of erection joints, absence of labor-consuming welded connections in joints of bearing structures, high quality of building structures, risk minimization.
  • REFERENCES
    1. PCI design. Нandbook [Справочник по проектированию]. 6th edition 2004. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Insitute (PCI), Chicago, USA.
    2. Design of precast concrete structures against accidental actions [Проектирование железобетонных конструкций от случайных действий]. Bulletin International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), 2012, no. 63.
    3. Якобсон М. Я., Тропин В. В., Зейфер А. Р., Починкин И. И. Высокоскоростная технология возведения промышленных зданий из большепролетных предварительно напряженных железобетонных конструкций // Системные технологии. 2016. № 19. С. 132-136.
    3. Yakobson M. Ya., Tropin V. V., Zeyfer A. R., Pochinkin I. I. High-speed technology of construction of industrial buildings of large-span prestressed concrete structures. Sistemnye tekhnologii, 2016, no. 19, pp. 132-136. (In Russian).
    4. Planning and design handbook on precast building structures [Планирование и дизайн. Pуководство по сборным строительным конструкциям]. Bulletin International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), 2014, no. 74, 313 p.
    5. Structural connections for precast concrete buildings [Структурные связи для здания из сборного железобетона]. Bulletin International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib), 2008, no. 43.
    6. The structural precast concrete. Handbook [Сборные железобетонные конструкции. Справочник]. 2nd edition. Lam Siew Wah, Building and Construction Authority, Singapoore, 2001, 331 p.
    7. Edifici prefabbricati. Guida pratica alla scelta, alla progettazione ed al calcolo di strutture in cemento armato c.a.v. e c.a.p. [Cборные здания. Практическое руководство по выбору, проектированию и расчету железобетонных и преднапряженных железобетонных конструкций]. Di Niro Gaetano, Maggioli editore, 2014, 200 p.
  • For citation: Davidyk A. N., Jakobson M. Ja., Tropin V. V., Zejfert A. R., Pochinkin I. I., Budayev A. N. Design-arranged high-speed technology of construction of industrial buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 11-15. (In Russian).
  • To the Issue of Calculation of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Structures
  • UDC 624.072.2
    Tahir А. MUKHAMEDIEV, e-mail: takhir50@rambler.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of the analysis of existing calculation methods of strength in normal sections of flexible structures made of fiber-reinforced concrete and results of the estimation of its accuracy are presented. It is established that the existing methods of calculation of steel-fiber-concrete structures without the bar reinforcement leads to the overestimation of the strength in normal sections. The calculating diagram of the fibrous concrete deformation under the axial tension and the method for calculation of structures without the bar reinforcement taking into account the features of fiber concrete deformation under its tension are presented. A calculating scheme for the normal cross-section of fiber-concrete structures without bar reinforcement is proposed. Dependences taking into account the elastic work of the fibrous concrete of the compressed zone and the elastic-plastic work of fiber concrete of the tensile zone are presented. Results of test of the proposed methods of calculation of structures without bar reinforcement were compared with the results of experimental studies. Methods of the calculation of fiber-concrete structures with bar reinforcement are considered. Dependences for calculation of structures, which take into account the elastic work of fibrous concrete of compressed and tensile zones of the section, are presented. Rules of the use of a calculation value of the residual strength of fibrous concrete under the axial tension are recommended.
    Key words: fiber-concrete structures, strength of flexible elements, tensile and compressed zones, rod reinforcement, methods of calculation.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Trottier J. F., Mahoney M., Forgeron D. Can synthetic fibers replace welded-wire fabric in slabs-on-ground [Может ли синтетическая фибра заменить сварную проволочную сетку в плитах по грунту]. Concrete International, 2002, no. 11, pp. 59-68.
    2. Johnston C. D. Steel fiber reinforced mortar and concrete: a review of mechanical properties. Fiber Reinforced Concrete [Растворы и бетоны со стальной фиброй - обзор механических характеристик. Фибробетоны] SP 44, American Concrete Institute, Detroit. 1974. Pp. 127-142.
    3. Dixon J., Mayfield B. Concrete reinforced with fibrous wire [Бетон, армированный фибровыми волокнами]. Journal of the Concrete Society, 1971, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 73-76.
    4. Kar N. J., Pal A. K. Strength of fiber reinforced concrete [Прочность фибробетона]. Journal of the Structural Division, 1972, vol. 98, no. ST-5, pp. 1053-1068.
    5. CNR-DT 204/2006. Guide for the design and construction of fiber-reinforced concrete structures [Руководство по расчету и конструированию элементов из фибробетона]. ROME - CNR November 2007. 55 p.
    6. ASTM C1018-97. Standard test method for flexural toughness and first-crack strength of fiber-reinforced concrete (Using beam with third-point loading) [Стандартизированный метод испытаний изгибной жесткости и трещиностойкости фибробетона (Использование балок с трехточечным нагружением)]. ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA, 1997. 7 p.
    7. Mukhamediev T. A. The calculation of the bending strength of fiber-reinforced concrete structures using marginal efforts. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy, 2016, no. 5, pp. 12-18. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Mukhamediev T. А. To the issue of calculation of fiber-reinforced concrete structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 16-20. (In Russian).
  • Control Methods of Bearing Capacity of Structures Using the Method of Acoustic Emission
  • UDC 620.179.16:624.012.45
    Alexander I. SAGAIDAK, e-mail: sagaidak-niizhb@mail.ru
    JSC Research of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The method of acoustic emission is one of the most promising non-destructive testing methods. At present it is applied fragmentary in connection with the absence of regulating normative-technical documents. This method has a high sensitivity to detection of developing defects without requiring scanning of the structure surface and makes it possible to exercise the remote control and, if necessary, to calculate the defect coordinates. The use of the technique of control of bearing capacity of structures with the acoustic emission method developed at NIIZHB named after A.A. Gvozdev makes it possible to evaluate the accumulation of damages during the operation of the structure and determine in advance the occurrence of the limit state. The bearing capacity of structures with damages is assessed with the help of cyclic loads and monitoring of acoustic-emission activity at the stages of loading and loss of the load. Techniques presented in the article expand the sphere of practical application of this method and can be used for practical construction.
    Key words: acoustic emission, bearing capacity, damage, defect, reinforced concrete structures, cyclic loading.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Grosse C., Ohtsu M. Acoustic Emission Testing [Акустико-эмиссионные испытания]. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 2008. 465 p.
    2. Ohtsu M. Test method for classification of active cracks in concrete structures by AE [Метод классификации активных трещин в бетоне методом АЭ]. Materials and Structures, 2010, vol. 43, pр. 1187-1189.
    3. Sagaydak A. I., Elizarov S. V. Relationship of acoustic emission signals with the processes of deformation and fracture of building structures. Defektoskopiya, 2004, no. 11, pp. 32-39. (In Russian).
    4. Ohtsu M. Damage estimation of concrete by AE [Оценка повреждений в бетоне методом АЭ]. Construction and Building Materials, 2001, vol. 15, no. 5-6, pp. 217-224.
    5. Dorokhova E. G., Rostovtsev M. Y. Information and Statistical AE Criterion. V mire nerazrushayushchego kontrolya, 2007, no. 2(36), pp. 49-52. (In Russian).
    6. Patent RF 2417369. A method of determining a limiting condition of building constructions con. Sagaidak A.
    7. Recommendation of RILEM TC 212-ACD: Acoustic emission and related NDE techniques for crack detection and damage evaluation in concrete. Test method for classification of active cracks in concrete structures by acoustic emission. [Акустическая эмиссия и связанные с неразрушающим контролем технологии для обнаружения трещин и оценки повреждений в бетоне. Метод испытания для классификации активных трещин в бетонных конструкциях с помощью акустической эмиссии], 2010. 12 p.
  • For citation: Sagaidak A. I. Control methods of bearing capacity of structures using the method of acoustic emission. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 21-23. (In Russian).
  • Research in Features of Reinforced Concrete Piles with the Use of Clay Gravel
  • UDC 624.154.3
    Mihail Yu. TITOV, e-mail: Niizhb-7@yandex.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Boris V. BAKHOLDIN, e-mail: lab1_420@inbox.ru, Petr I. YASTREBOV, e-mail: yastrebov.peter@yandex.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, Research Institute of bases and underground structures (NIIOSP) named after N. M. Gersevanov, Ryazansky prospekt, 59, korp. 1, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Issues of the use of сeramsite concrete when producing driven piles are considered. Technical documentation on manufacturing driven expanded-clay piles has been developed on the basis of experimental studies conducted at NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev for determining the possibility to make the piles on the basis of clay gravel. Recommendations for choosing optimal compositions of ceramsite concretes of B15-B40 classes of compression strength as well as for determining their basic physical-chemical characteristics including deformabilty have been prepared. It is necessary to recommend to improve physical-technical characteristics of the expanded clay concrete and extent the scope of its use due to introducing the expanding additive in the concrete composition. Tests conducted according to the proposed methodology show that when using optimal compositions with a higher content of coarse aggregate, it is possible to obtain concretes with ordinary Portland cement with frost resistance mark of up to F300, with NC - F400 and more. It is necessary to note the higher frost resistance of self-stressing concrete comparing with ordinary ones under comparable conditions.
    Key words: ceramsite concrete piles, impact strength, crack resistance, frost resistance, shrinkage deformation, warping, expanding agent, self-stressing concrete.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Dellos K. P., Kurasova G. P., Ageev D. N. Concrete in bridge construction. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1968, no. 5, pp. 3-6. (In Russian).
    2. Yakushin V. A., Kubashov E. V., Yamleev U. A., Lyakhov Yu. A. Expanded clay lightweight concrete piles for industrial and civil construction. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1981, no. 5, pp. 8-10. (In Russian).
    3. Mikhaylov V. V., Litver S. L. Rasshiryayushchiysya i napryagayushchiy tsementy i samonapryazhennye zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii [Expanding and stressing cements and samoopredelenie concrete structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1974. 312 p. (In Russian).
    4. Kuznetsova T. V. Alyuminatnye i sul'foalyuminatnye tsementy [The aluminate and sulfoaluminate cements]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986. 208 p. (In Russian).
    5. Khodzhaev S. A. Features of physical and mechanical properties of expansive concrete in prefabricated and monolithic structures. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2001, no. 4, pp. 20-23. (In Russian).
    6. Titov M. Yu. The efficacy of the use of expanding additives to waterproof structures. Tekhnologii betonov, 2014, no. 12, pp. 14-17. (In Russian).
    7. Svintsov A. P., Kharun M. I. Forecasting of strength of soil-concrete with a hydraulic binder. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 11, pp. 76-79. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Titov M. Yu., Bakholdin B. V., Yastrebov P. I. Research in features of reinforced concrete piles with the use of clay gravel. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 24-28. (In Russian).
  • Laboratory Tests of Anchoring in Concrete
  • UDC 624.016:624.078.74
    Sergey I. IVANOV, e-mail: 5378018@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Current regulations in the field of evaluation of the test results of anchoring don't provide sufficient data necessary for calculation of a reliable anchoring. The main reason is the lack of accounting features of laboratory tests when determining normative values of resistance forces as well as features of tests at construction sites designed for finding estimated values of resistance forces and evaluating the quality of anchors mounting. Taking into account domestic and foreign experience, a system of regulations for the development of test programs, design and test of anchorage under the laboratory conditions and evaluation of test results obtained is proposed. Tests of several anchors of different domestic and foreign manufacturers, including anchors of a new design not used previously, have been conducted. Main principles of the development of a laboratory tests program are outlined on the example of one of the anchors. An assessment of test results according to the present and proposed methods is made; the difference in reliability of results obtained is shown.
    Key words: mechanical anchors, anchoring laboratory tests, test program, anchoring in heavy concrete base, normative value of resistance force.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Granovskiy A. V., Kiselev D. A. Testing of anchors and dowels on digging. Available at: http://vectornk.ru/metody-ispytanij-ankerov-na-vyryv/ (accessed 11.11.2016). (In Russian).
    2. Kuzevanov D. V. The development of the regulatory framework in the field of anchors in Russia. Krepezh, klei, instrument, 2016, no. 2, pp. 20-22. (In Russian).
    3. Rykov S. G. Anchoring: say what tests? Krepezh, klei, instrument, 2015, no. 4, pp. 43-46. (In Russian).
    4. Eligehausen R., Mallee R., Silva J. F. Anchorage in сoncrete сonstruction. Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9783433601358 (accessed 11.11.2016)
    5. Berger W., Hofmann J., Kuhlmann U. Connections between steel and concrete. Eurosteel 2011, August 31 - September 2, 2011. Budapest, Hungary. Pp. 42-47.
    6. FTSS STO 44416204-09-2010. Krepleniya ankernye. Metod opredeleniya nesushchey sposobnosti ankerov po rezul'tatam naturnykh ispytaniy [Isofix anchor. Method for determination of the bearing capacity of the anchors on the results of field tests]. Moscow, 2010. 13 p. (In Russian).
    7. STO 36554501-048-2016. Ankernye krepleniya k betonu. Pravila proektirovaniya [Anchoring to the concrete. design rules]. Moscow, AO "NITS "Stroitel'stvo" Publ., 2016. 37 p. (In Russian).
    8. Ivanov S. I., Smotrov V. A. Experience of laboratory tests of anchoring in concrete // Tekhnologii betonov, 2016, no. 5-6, pp. 27-29. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Ivanov S. I. Laboratory tests of anchoring in concrete. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 29-34. (In Russian).
  • Fire Regulations are the Basis of Fire Safety of Buildings and Structures
  • UDC 699.81
    Irina S. KUZNETSOVA, e-mail: irina-yanko@mail.ru
    Vera G. RYABCHENKOVA, e-mail: 1747139@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Problems of providing the structural fire safety, when designing buildings and structures, are considered. The existing regulating base in the field of fire safety contains standards for different methods of test-firing of building structures but the norms for calculation methods of fire resistance assessment are absent in it. For monolithic buildings with rigid joints of elements, it is impossible to conduct fire tests in connection with the imperfection of existing fire installations. The process of fire destruction of reinforced concrete structures with hinge support and rigid joints principally differs. Therefore, all designed monolithic reinforced concrete buildings with rigid joints have factually unconfirmed limits of fire resistance that doesn't ensure their safety in case of fire. Changeability of properties of modern building materials (high-strength concrete, new classes and types of reinforcement) due to the impact of high temperatures in case of fire is also not investigated.
    Key words: concrete, reinforcement, building constructions, fire resistance, fire safety.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Milovanov A. F., Solomonov V. V., Kuznecova I. S. Fire-resistance of buildings and structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2002, no. 9, pp. (In Russian).
    2. Granik Ju. G. The Problem of fire safety of tall buildings. Proc. of the international conference "Integrated passive fire protection of high-rise and mixed-use buildings". 26 June 2006. Moscow, 231 p. (In Russian).
    3. Solomonov V. V., Milovanov A. F., Kuznecova I. S. High-rise buildings: security problems. Stroitel'nyj ekspert, 2006, no. 21(232). (In Russian).
    4. Rojtman V. M., Lukashevich I. E., Rossinskij E. B., Toptygin I. S. Model disaster. Stroitel'nyy ekspert, 2005, no. 14. (In Russian).
    5. Milovanov A. F. Stojkost' zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij pri pozhare [Durability of reinforced concrete structures in case of fire]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1998. 296 p. (In Russian).
    6. Milovanov A. F. Zhelezobetonnye temperaturostojkie konstrukcii [Concrete construction temperature resistance]. Moscow, Vestor Publ., 2005. 234 p. (In Russian).
    7. Milovanov A. F. Ognsohrannost' zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij [Fire safety of reinforced concrete structures after the fire]. Moscow, Vestor Publ., 2006. 122 p. (In Russian).
    8. Zvezdov A. I., Volkov Ju. S. High-rise construction: Measure seven times. Stroitel'nyy ekspert, 2004, no. 6 (In Russian).
    9. European Standard EN 1992-1-2. Eurocode 2. Design of concrete structures. Part 1-2. General rules. Determination of fire resistance.
  • For citation: Kuznetsova I. S., Ryabchenkova V. G. Fire regulations are the basis of fire safety of buildings and structures . Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 35-38. (In Russian).
  • Structural mechanics
  • Determination of Shear Stresses in Flexural Layered Reinforced Concrete Elements
  • UDC 624.042.072.2
    Alexey V. BELYAEV, e-mail: abelyaev@cstroy.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZhB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Dmitry R. MAILYAN, e-mail: usp-dr@yandex.ru
    Grigory V. NESVETAEV, e-mail: nesgrin@yandex.ru
    Don State Technical University, pl. Gagarina, 1, Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russian Federation
    Abstract. When observing the technical specification, the concreting of layered monolithic reinforced concrete slabs with the use of haydite concrete and heavy concrete provides the reduction of their masses up to by 30% and reliable adhesion between haydite concrete and heavy-weight concrete. To clarify the parameters of the stress-strain state of overlaps, formulas for calculating shear stresses in layered bending reinforced-concrete elements at the stages of operation with cracks in the tension zone with due regard for the position of the neutral line have been obtained. The use of these formulas for determining the shear stresses in areas without cracks when finding the shear forces makes it possible to achieve the sufficiently accurate convergence of their experimental and theoretical values. The calculation of elements according to the deformed scheme with the help of these formulas makes it possible to reveal the nature of the shear stress distribution along the length of the element and the section height in areas with cracks and without them as well as to improve the convergence of experimental and theoretical values of deflections.
    Key words: layered bending structures, shear stresses, haydite concrete, shear forces, cracks in tension zone.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Strongin N. S., Baulin D. K. Legkobetonnye konstrukcii krupnopanel'nyh zhilyh domov [Light-concrete constructions of large residential buildings]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1984. 185 p. (In Russian).
    2. Gorin V. M., Tokareva S. A., Kabanova M. K., Krivopalov A. M., Vytchikov Ju. S. Prospects of keramsit at the present stage housing. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2004, no. 12, pp. 22-23. (In Russian).
    3. Gorin V. M. The use of concrete at the construction - the path to energy and resource efficiency, security of buildings and structures. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2010, no. 8, pp. 8-10. (In Russian).
    4. Orentliher L. P. XXI Century - the century of light weight aggregate concrete. Aktual'nye problemy sovremennogo stroitel'stva [Actual problems of modern construction]. Materialy Vserossijskoj 31-j nauchno-tehnicheskoj konferencii, Penza, 25-27 aprelja 2001, Penza, PGASA Publ., 2001. Pp. 76-77. (In Russian).
    5. Petrov V. P. In porous aggregates is the future! Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tehnologii XXI veka, 2006, no. 2, pp. 40-42. (In Russian).
    6. Davidjuk A. N. Legkie konstrukcionno-teploizoljacionnye betony na steklovidnyh poristyh zapolniteljah [Lightweight construction-insulating concrete on porous aggregates of vitreous]. Moscow, Krasnaja zvezda Publ., 2008. 208 p. (In Russian).
    7. Davidjuk A. N.,Nesvetaev G. V. Jeffektivnye betony dlja sovremennogo vysotnogo stroitel'stva [Effective concrete for modern high-rise building]. Moscow, OOO "NIPKC Voshod-A" Publ., 2010. 148 p. (In Russian).
    8. Akopov V. G. Bearing capacity of three-layer concrete slabs covering. Problemy intensifikacii i povyshenija kul'tury proizvodstva [The bearing capacity of three-layer concrete slabs covering]. Rostov-na-Donu, SKNC Vsh. Pudl., 1987. Pp. 213-214. (In Russian).
    9. Bolotin V. V., Novichkov Ju. N. Mehanika mnogoslojnyh konstrukcij [Mechanics of multilayer structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1980. 370 s. (In Russian).
    10. Dmitriev V. P. Calculation of shear stress in the plane of contact of sandwich panels. Zhelezobetonnye konstrukcii [Reinforced concrete structures]. Cheljabinsk, UralNIIproekt, 1972, iss. 6, pp. 143-152. (In Russian).
    11. Zarenin V. A., Ferdzhuljan A. G., Evstifeeva L. S., Evdokimov A. A. All panels for industrial agricultural buildings. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1982, no. 10, pp. 18-19. (In Russian).
    12. Karpenko N. I. Obshhie modeli mehaniki zhelezobetona [General mechanics model of reinforced concrete]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1996. 416 p. (In Russian).
    13. Kudrjavcev A.A., Belen'kij Ju. S. Slabs with the layer of arbolita. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1982, no. 10, pp. 16-17. (In Russian).
    14. Mailyan R. L., Mbuemba M. I. Calculation of prestressed sandwich beams. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1980, no. 7, pp. 33-35. (In Russian).
    15. Mailjan D. R., Osipov V. K. Jeffektivnyj zhelezobeton dlja sel'skohozjajstvennogo stroitel'stva [Effective concrete for the agricultural construction]. Rostov-na-Donu, RGU Publ., 1992. 208 p. (In Russian).
    16. Mihajlov K. V., Putljaev I. E., Chinenkov D. V. Prospects of construction of sand. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1985, no. 7, p. 6. (In Russian).
    17. Osipov V. K., Mailjan D. R. Calculation of bearing sandwich wall panel with prestressed reinforcement. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1985, no. 3, pp. 39-40. (In Russian).
    18. Osipov V. K., Akopov V. G. Influence of shear stresses on the strength and deformation of sandwich bent reinforced concrete constructions. Sovershenstvovanie metodov rascheta zhelezobetona [Improvement of methods of calculation of reinforced concrete]. Rostov-na-Donu, RISI Publ., 1988. Pp. 112-116. (In Russian).
    19. Khungarov R. A., Mailjan D. R. Calculation of two-layer prestressed concrete panels. Vestnik Majkopskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta, 2011, no. 4. Available at: http://lib.mkgtu.ru/images/stories/journal-vmgtu/2011-04/005.pdf. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Belyaev A. V., Mailyan D. R., Nesvetaev G. V. Determination of shear stresses in flexural layered reinforced concrete elements. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 39-44. (In Russian).
  • Jointless Structures of Great Length from Self-Stressing Concrete with Development of a Mathematical Model
  • UDC 693.54.021.15:51
    Larisa A. TITOVA, e-mail: ltitova@cstroy.ru
    Mikhail Yu. TITOV, e-mail: niizhb-7@yandex.ru
    Sergey B. KRYLOV, e-mail: niizhb_lab8@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Vladimir A. KHARITONOV, e-mail: kharitonov1246@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Issues of the crack resistance and shrinkage deformations of concrete, when constructing structures of great length, are considered. A mathematical model of assessing the development of shrinkage and expansions of concretes with compensated shrinkage and strain has been developed. In accordance with the proposed methodology and developed mathematical model of deformation development, formulas for calculating the sizes of inserts for structures of great length are presented. For the calculation of shrinkage deformations, the following factors are required: the length, width, and thickness of the calculated structure, reinforcement of structures, grade of concrete, magnitude of self-stressing, mobility of the concrete mix, age of concrete by the end of wet storage, humidity of environment, conditions of structure hardening ( time of the year). Ensuring the water tightness and seamlessness of structures of great length makes it possible to refuse the use of any water isolation of enclosing structures of underground facilities, to reduce the construction time, labor costs and time between repairingworks. When using the self-stressing concrete, the installation of reinforced concrete structures and facilities is carried out without waterproofing and temperature-shrinkage joints.
    Key words: crack resistance, shrinkage deformation, self-stressing concrete, self-stressing , water tightness, mathematical model.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Mikhaylov V. V., Litver S. L. Rasshiryayushchiysya i napryagayushchiy tsementy i samonapryazhennye zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii [Expanding and stressing cements and self-stressing reinforced concrete structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1974. 312 p. (In Russian).
    2. Kuznetsova T. V. Alyuminatnye i sul'foalyuminatnye tsementy [The aluminate and sulfoaluminate cements]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1986. 208 p. (In Russian).
    3. Titov M. Yu. Efficiency of expansion agent use for waterproof structures. Concrete and reinforced concrete - glance at future. Proc. III Vserossiyskoy (II Mezhdunarodnoy) konferentsii po betonu i zhelezobetonu. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2014, vol. 6, pр. 63-70. (In Russian).
    4. Zvezdov A. I., Titov M. Yu. Concrete with compensated shrinkage for the construction of crack resistant structures long-haul. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2001, no. 4, pр. 17-20. (In Russian).
    5. ACI 223R-10. Guide for the use of shrinkage-compensating concrete. Reported by ACI Committee 223. Advancing concrete knowledge. American Concrete Institute, 2010, pp. 3-13.
    6. BS 8102:2009 Code of practice for protection of below ground structures against water from the ground. BSI British Standarts, 2009, pp. 9-14, 19-31.
  • For citation: Titova L. A., Titov M. Yu., Krylov S. B., Kharitonov V. A. Jointless structures of great length from self-stressing concrete with development of a mathematical model. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 45-49. (In Russian).
  • To Development of Scientific Bases of the Theory of Endurance of Reinforced Concrete Structures
  • UDC 624.012.35
    Ilshat T. MIRSAYAPOV, e-mail: mirsayapovit@mail.ru
    Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, ul. Zelenaya, 1, Kazan 420043, Russian Federation
    Ashot G. TAMRAZYAN, e-mail: tamrazian@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. There are no methodology and methods for calculation of endurance of reinforced concrete beams in the zone of transverse forces action when designing structures. They have to quite correctly reflect their actual operation with due regard for the real deformation of concrete and reinforcement in the structure of a reinforced concrete element at different spans of shear. Main principles of the development of new methodology and methods for calculation of reinforced concrete structures with an average span of shear for endurance under the action of transverse forces are described. These principles are based on the calculation model of fatigue resistance of reinforced concrete structures to the action of transverse forces. This model reflects the actual effect of these forces under repeated loads. When developing the technique of calculation for endurance, the calculation model of fatigue resistance takes into account that at average spans of shear, the fatigue destruction takes place with formation of a critical oblique crack. But local perturbations of the stress state and concentrations of stresses in certain zones related to the points of application of concentrated external forces also influence on the destruction. Proposed techniques and methods for assessment of the endurance along the oblique section make it possible to take into account the real forms of fatigue destruction, change in the stress-strain state in the near-support zone of the element at average spans of shear due to the development of deformations of vibrocreep, asymmetry coefficients of stress cycles and endurance limits of concrete and reinforcement.
    Key words: endurance, span of shear, model of fatigue resistance, limits of endurance, asymmetry coefficient of stresses.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Abashidze A. I. The endurance of conventional and prestressed structures at the normal and oblique sections. Issledovaniya po voprosam razvitiya energetiki "Seysmostoykost' i dinamicheskaya nadezhnost' energeticheskikh ob"ektov, vozvodimykh v gornykh usloviyakh" [Seismic stability and dynamic reliability of energy objects erected in the mountains]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1988. Pp. 69-75. (In Russian).
    2. Klimenko F. E., Levchich V. V., Dobush I. M. Calculation of endurance of the inclined sections of reinforced concrete beams. Rabota betona i zhelezobetona s razlichnymi vidami armirovaniya na vynoslivost' pri mnogokratno povtoryayushchikhsya nagruzkakh. L'vov, 1987. 30 p. (In Russian).
    3. Mailyan R. L., Lalayants N. G., Manchenko G. N. Raschet betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh elementov pri vibratsionnykh vozdeystviyakh [Calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete elements under vibration loadings]. Rostov-na-Donu, 1983. 100 p. (In Russian).
    4. Manchenko G. N., Lalayants N. G., et al. The strength of oblique section of bendable reinforced concrete elements under repeated action of loads. Voprosy prochnosti, deformativnosti i treshchinostoykosti zhelezobetona, 1977, iss. 5, pp. 12-19. (In Russian).
    5. Chang T. S., Kesler C. E. Static and fatigue strength in shear of beams with tensile reinforcement [Статическая и усталостная прочность при срезе балок с высокопрочной арматурой]. Jornal of The American Conrcete Institute, 1957, vol. 29, no. 11, pp. 1033-1052.
    6. Mirsayapov Il. T. A study of stress concentration zones under cyclic loading by thermal imaging method [Исследования зон концентрации напряжений при циклическом нагружении методом тепловизионного контроля]. Strength of Materials, 2009, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 339-344.
    7. Mirsayapov Il. T. Ensuring security of the concrete beams on an inclined section with repetitive loads. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 1, pp. 23-27. (In Russian).
    8. Mirsayapov Il. T., Tamrazуan A. G. On calculation of reinforced concrete structures for endurance. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe striotelstvo, 2016, no. 11, pp. 19-23. (In Russian).
    9. Bondarenko V. M., Bondarenko S. V. Inzhenernye metody nelineynoy teorii zhelezobetona [Engineering methods in the nonlinear theory of reinforced concrete]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1982. 288 p. (In Russian).
    10. Bondarenko V. M., Kolchunov V. I. Raschetnye modeli silovogo soprotivleniya zhelezobetona [Computational model of a power resistance of reinforced concrete]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2004. 471 p. (In Russian).
    11. Bazant Z. P., Hubler M. H., Yu Q. Pervasiveness of excessive segmental bridge deflections: wake-up call for creep [Распространение избыточных прогибов сегментных мостов: предложения по расчету на ползучесть]. ACI Structural Journal, 2011, vol. 108, no. 6, pp. 766-774.
    12. Bazant Z. P., Yu Q., Li G.-H. Excessive long-time deflections of prestressed box girders [Длительные прогибы преднапряженных коробчатых балок]. I: Record-span bridge in palau and other paradigms. ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, 2012, vol. 138, no. 6, pp. 676-686.
    13. Chiorino M. A., Carreira D. J. Factors affecting shrinkage and creep of hardened concrete and guide for modelling [Факторы, влияющие на усадку и ползучесть бетона и руководство по моделированию]. A state-of-the-art report on international recommendations and scientific debate. The Indian Concrete Journal, 2012, vol. 86, no. 12, pp. 11-24. Errata, 2013, vol. 87, no. 8, p. 33.
    14. Sassone M., Casalegno C. Evaluation of the structural response to the time-dependent behaviour of concrete [Оценка реакции конструкций на поведение бетона с учетом длительных процессов]. Part 2. A general computational approach. The Indian Concrete Journal, 2012, vol. 86, no. 12, pp. 39-51. Errata, 2013, vol. 87, no. 8, p. 33.
    15. Mirsayapov Il. T. The stress-strain state in anchoring of reinforcement at repeated loads. Vestnik MGSU, 2016, no. 5, pp. 28-36. (In Russian).
    16. Mirsayapov Il. T. The endurance of anchoring of armature. Seysmostoykoe stroitel'stvo. Bezopasnost' sooruzheniy, 2016, no. 1, pp. 37-42. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Mirsayapov Il. T., Tamrazуan A. G. To development of scientific bases of the theory of endurance of reinforced concrete structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 50-56. (In Russian).
  • Information systems in construction
  • Information Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structures
  • UDC 624.012.45:004
    Dmitry V. KUZEVANOV, e-mail: kuzevanovd@gmail.com
    Alexey V. BELYAEV, e-mail: abelyaev@cstroy.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The article is devoted to the issues of the development of new information technologies in the construction industry. General information on building information models (BIM), standardization and implementation of information simulation technologies is presented. Problems arising when working with the information modeling at the construction stage are noted. Relevant issues connected with the information simulation of reinforced concrete structures are emphasized. The specificity of reinforced concrete structures is shown and the need for accounting features of work with information during the design, construction and operation of reinforced concrete structures is formulated. The comparison of domestic experience with the experience of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) is presented. It is noted that in the immediate prospects, modern information technologies will help to improve the transparency of interrelations of all participants of the process of design, construction and operation of buildings and structures. The need to develop new national standards for the implementation of information tasks IDM, which are linked with the requirements of traditional building standards, is indicated.
    Key words: building information modeling, BIM technology, construction information models, phase, reinforced concrete structures.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Morozenko A. A. Information approach to solving organizational problems is the basis of progress in construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 9, pp. 57-60. (In Russian).
    2. Ignatova E. V. Reshenie zadach na osnove informatsionnoy modeli zdaniya. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 9, pp. 241-246. (In Russian).
    3. Erofeyev P. S., Manukhov V. F., Karpushin S. N. The use of BIM technology in architectural design school buildings and constructions. Vestnik Mordovskogo Universiteta, 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 105-109. (In Russian).
    4. Kozelkov M. M., Antipov S. S. Life cycle management for reinforced concrete structures in buildings with building information modeling help. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2016, no. 1, pp. 12-15. (In Russian).
    5. Shakhraman'yan A. M., Kolotovichev Yu. A. Experience of using automated monitoring systems of the strain state of bearing structures on the olympic objects Sochi-2014. Vestnik MGSU, 2015, no. 12, pp. 92-105. (In Russian).
    6. Ginzburg A. V. Building life cycle information modelling. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 9, pp. 61-65. (In Russian).
    7. Korol M.G. BIM-evolution in Russia. Available at: http://isicad.ru/ru/articles.php?article_num=18727 (accessed 10.11.2016). (In Russian).
    8. ACI 131.1R-14 Information Delivery Manual (IDM) for cast-in-place concrete, ACI Committee 131, 2015.
  • For citation: Kuzevanov D. V., Belyaev A. V. Information modeling of reinforced concrete structures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 58-63. (In Russian).
  • Restoration and reconstruction of historical and architectural heritage
  • Science, Philistine, and Pragmatic Picture of the Value of Architectural and Historical Environment
  • UDC 72(4/9)(470.43-25)
    Tatyana V. VAVILONSKAYA, е-mail: baranova1968@mail.ru
    Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture in "Samara State Technical University", Molodogvardeyskaya ul., 194, Samara 443001, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The research is aimed at finding the causes of contradictions between efforts to preserve and renewal the architectural and historical environment of the city. The architectural-historical environment is understood by the author as not only a material but also as a figurative-semantic space. On the example of Samara, different mental concepts of architectural and historical environment are compared. . These views are expressed in various value pictures of architectural and historical environment of the city: scientific, philistine, and pragmatic. For each of the value pictures various methods of research have been selected and developed. The scientific picture was obtained by means of systematic research, pragmatic one - by the expert-qualimetric method, philistine - by the sociological questionnaire express- monitoring. A comparative analysis of three different value pictures has been made and their irrelevance has been found. Results of the research show that at the intersection of various value pictures, the state of sustainable development of architectural and historical environment in the interests of architectural heritage is observed. Outside this area, the architectural and historical environment may be subjected to renewal. The old and new identifiers serve to the convergence of the value pictures. The discrepancy of these concepts seems to be a reason for contradictions between efforts to preserve and renewal the environment.
    Key words: architectural and historical environment, mental representation, scientific, philistine, pragmatic value of environment, sustainable development, old and new identifiers.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Ikonnikov A. V. Rekonstrukciya centrov krupnyh gorodov [Reconstruction of the centers of large cities]. Moscow, Znanie Publ., 1985. 64 p. (In Russian).
    2. Shchenkov A. S. Modern evaluation criteria of historical and cultural heritage. Fundamental and applied research research on the development of architecture, urban planning and construction industry of the Russian Federation in 2015. Sb. nauch. tr. RAASN. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2016. Pp. 131-136. (In Russian).
    3. Shevchenko E. A. To the question about the identity of the historical settlements. Gradostroitel'stvo, 2011, no. 3, pp. 46-55. (In Russian).
    4. Ahmedova E. A. Current requirements for the inclusion of the sealing of building in the layout structure of the largest city. Innovative Project, 2016, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 44-47. (In Russian).
    5. Alekseev Yu. V., Somov G.Yu., Shevchenko E. A. Gradostroitel'noe planirovanie dostoprimechatel'nyh mest [Urban planning sites]: v 2 t. Vol. 1. Osnovy planirovaniya: monografiya. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2012. 224 p. (In Russian).
    6. Ikonnikov A. V., Kagan M. S., Pilepenko V. F., et al. Esteticheskie cennosti predmetno-prostranstvennoj sredy [The aesthetic value of the subject-spatial environment]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1990. 335 p. (In Russian).
    7. Hrenov N. A. Kul'tura v ehpohu social'nogo haosa [Culture in the age of social chaos]. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2011. 448 p. (In Russian).
    8. Prucyn O. I., Rymashevskij B. Arhitekturno-istoricheskaya sreda [Historical and architectural environment]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1990. 408 p. (In Russian).
    9. Esaulov G. V. Arhitekturno-gradostroitel'noe nasledie Yuga Rossii: ego formirovanie i kul'turnyj potencial [The architectural heritage of the South of Russia: its formation and cultural potential]. Dis. dokt. arhit. Moscow, 2004. 482 p. (In Russian).
    10. Baranova T. V. Arhitekturno-planirovochnye principy sohraneniya i razvitiya istoriko-kul'turnogo potenciala regiona (na primere Samarskogo kraya) [Architectural and planning principles for the preservation and development of historical and cultural potential of region (on the example of Samara region)]. Dis. kand. arhit. St. Petersburg, 1994. 321 p. (In Russian).
    11. Krasnobaev I. V. Sohranenie sel'skih usadeb: problemy i perspektivy [The preservation of rural estates: problems and prospects]. St. Petersburg, Kolo Publ., 2013. 168 p. (In Russian).
    12. Metodicheskie rekomendacii ocenki istoriko-kul'turnoj cennosti poseleniya. Primenenie kriteriev istoriko-kul'turnoj cennosti poseleniya v ocenke nedvizhimosti, raspolozhennoj v granicah istoricheskogo poseleniya [Guidelines assess historical and cultural value of the settlement. Application of the criteria of historical and cultural value of the settlement in the appraisal of real estate located within the boundaries of the historical settlement]. St. Petersburg, Zodchij Publ., 2014. 264 p. (In Russian).
    13. Matveev B. M. Dekonstrukciya arhitekturnogo naslediya [Deconstruction of the architectural heritage]. St. Petersburg, Politekhnika-servis Publ., 2012. 423 p. (In Russian).
    14. Ripkema Donovan. Ekonomika istoricheskogo naslediya. Prakticheskoe posobie dlya rukovoditelej [Economics of historical heritage. A practical guide for managers]. Moscow, ZAO "Bilding Media Grupp" Publ., 2006. 156 p. (In Russian).
    15. Bondarenko I. A. Degrees of urban development. Gradostroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 4 (26), pp. 48-50. (In Russian).
    16. Litvinov D. V. The restoration of the fire-police station in the grain square in Samara. Tradicii i innovacii v stroitel'stve i arhitekture. Gradostroitel'stvo. Samara, SGASU Publ., 2015. Pp. 195-198. (In Russian).
    17. Bal'zannikova E. M. The preservation of the external appearance of historically valuable urban architectural objects. Privolzhskij nauchnyj zhurnal, 2015, no. 2 (34), pp. 141-148. (In Russian).
    18. Rybakova D. S., Samogorov V. A. The concept of Genius Loci in the modern architecture. Vestnik Volzhskogo regional'nogo otdeleniya RAASN, 2016, no. 19, pp. 63-67. (In Russian).
    19. Generalov V. P., Generalova E. M. Prospects of development of typology of high-rise buildings. The future of cities. Vestnik SGASU. Gradostroitel'stvo i arhitektura, 2015, no. 1 (18), pp. 13-18. (In Russian).
    20. Monastyrskaya M. E. Regional identity of urban activities: formulation of the problem and the etymology of the concepts. Vestnik grazhdanskih inzhenerov, 2015, no. 3(50), pp. 34-40. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Vavilonskaya T. V. Science, philistine, and pragmatic picture of the value of architectural and historical environment. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 64-69. (In Russian).
  • Building materials and products
  • Current State, Prospects of Production, and Use of Сold Deformed Reinforcing Bars in Construction
  • UDC 691.714:691.328
    Igor N.TIKHONOV1, e-mail: niijhb_tikhonov@mail.ru
    Irina S. KUZNETSOVA1, e-mail: 1747139@mail.ru
    Vladimir Z. MESHKOV1, e-mail: niizhbmeshkov@yandex.ru
    Oleg O. TSYBA2, e-mail: Tsubao081@mail.ru
    Viktor A. KHARITONOV3, e-mail: viktor_har@mail.ru
    1 JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    2 Podkomitet 4 «Prokat armaturnyy dlya zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy» pri TK 375, Rosstandart, ul. Radio, 23/9, str. 2, Moscow 105005, Russian Federation
    3 JSC Research Center of Construction, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The article presents the results of experimental studies conducted at NIIZHB named after A.A. Gvozdev of JSC Research Center of Construction with the aim to expand the field of application of cold-deformed reinforcing bars in construction. The study involved assessments of the strength and deformation properties of reinforcing bars under tensile and compression as well as the effect of high temperatures on them. It is established that the strength of cold-deformed reinforcing bars under compression can be taken equal to the tensile strength. Concerning the fire safety, it is necessary to meet the following conditions: the temperature of heating of reinforcement should not exceed 500 °C, by means of structural improvement of the fire resistance of concrete or additional thermal protection for example; when calculating the fire resistance to accept the calculated characteristics of cold-deformed reinforcing bars as for reinforcement of A400 class. For manufacturing the qualitative reinforcement, it is recommended to use the initial wire rod made of micro-alloyed or low-alloyed steel.
    Key words: cold-deformed reinforcing bars, tensile strength, compression strength, fire resistance, micro-alloying.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Tikhonov I. N., Meshkov V. Z., Rastorguev B. S. Proektirovanie armirovaniya zhelezobetona [Design of reinforcement of concrete structures]. Moscow, CzNTP im. G. K. Ordzhonikidze Publ., 2015. 273 p. (In Russian).
    2. Snimshchikov S. V., Kharitonov V. A., Surikov I. N., Anikeev V. V. Present state of industrial production of the small size reinforcing steel and its qualitative efficiency in construction. Stroymetall, 2013, no. 2(23), pp. 14-19. (In Russian).
    3. Tikhonov I. N., Gumenyuk V. S. Analysis of the Code of practices СП 52-101-2003 requirements to the reinforcing steel of of 500 MPa strength class. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2006, no. 4, pp. 6-11. (In Russian).
    4. Tikhonov I. N., Gumenyuk V. S., Kazaryan V. A. Mechanical properties both in tension and compression of cold-reduced reinforcing steel of 500 MPa strength class B500C. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2014, no. 2, pp. 9-13. (In Russian).
    5. Snimshchikov S. V., Kharitonov V. A., Kharitonov V. A., Surikov I. N., Petrov I. M. Quality level estimation of reinforcing steel of B500C strength clfss based on mathematical statistics approaches. Chernaya metallurgiya, 2013, no. 8(1364), pp. 27-32. (In Russian).
    6. Ivchenko A. V., Gul Yu. P., Papkov O. V., Kondratenko P. V. The fire resistance of cold-deformed reinforcing bars of grade B500C. Beton i zhelezobeton v Ukraine, 2015, no. 5, pp. 16-18. (In Russian).
    7. Elghazouli A. Y., Cashell K. A., Izzuddin B. A. Experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement at elevated temperature. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 44, iss. 6, August 2009, pp. 909-919.
  • For citation: Tikhonov I. N., Kuznetsova I. S., Meshkov V. Z., Tsyba O. O., Kharitonov V. A. Current state, prospects of production, and use of сold deformed reinforcing bars in construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 71-77. (In Russian).
  • About Weldability of Reinforcement of A500S Class
  • UDC 691.714:621.791
    Sergey O. SLYSHENKOV, e-mail: slyshenkov@mail.ru
    Vyacheslav V. DYACHKOV, e-mail: d_vv@mail.ru
    Leonid A. ZBOROWSKI
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Issues of the weldability of reinforcing bars of A500C class and 10-40 mm diameters are considered. In accordance with requirements of most regulating documents, the weldability of reinforcing bars is provided with the chemical composition of steel. At that, features of the production technology are not taken into account, the requirements for control of weldability by means of testing welded joints are rarely fulfilled. This work presents the analysis of the chemical composition of reinforcement manufactured at various metallurgical plants and results of the tests of samples of welded connections of this reinforcement type. Welded connections of C1-Ko, manufacturing technology of which requires the high consumption of thermal energy, are used for the objective assessment of softening of thermo-mechanically strengthened reinforcement in the course of welding. On the basis of test results, the dependence of softening of welded connection of reinforcement of the class studied on the value of carbon equivalent calculated with the use both of the known formula and the formula proposed for thermo-mechanically strengthened reinforcing steels according to test results has been determined. It is revealed that the degree of softening of welded joints of reinforcement also depends on the level of steel alloying.
    Key words: reinforcing bar weldability, carbon equivalent, chemical composition of steel, alloying of steel, softening of welded joints of reinforcement.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Madatyan S. A. Armatura zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures]. Moscow, Voentekhlit Publ., 2000. 256 p. (In Russian).
    2. Zborovskiy L. A. To the question about weldability of reinforcement of A500C class. Nauch. tr. 2-y Vseros. (Mezhdunar.) konf. "Beton i zhelezobeton - puti razvitiya" [Yucie proceedings of the 2nd all-Russian (International) conference "Concrete and reinforced concrete - development"]. Vol 5. Moscow, NIIZhB Publ., 2005. Pp. 401-405. (In Russian).
    3. Odesskiy P. D., Krassovskaya G. M., Zborovskiy L. A. Providing a high brittle fracture resistance of a rod of rebar class A500C with the structure of a natural composite. Metallovedenie, 1999, no. 11, pp. 49-55. (In Russian).
    4. Skorokhodov V. N., Odesskiy P. D., Rudchenko A. V. Stroitel'naya stal' [Construction steel]. Moscow, Metallurgizdat Publ., 2002. 624 p. (In Russian).
    5. Kuznetsova I. S., Surikov I. N., Vostrov M. S., Savrasov I. P. Research in physical -mechanical properties of reinforcement of modern production at high temperatures of heating and cooling. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 12, pp. 18-23.
  • For citation: Slyshenkov S. O., Dyachkov V. V., Zborowski L. A. About weldability of reinforcement of A500S class. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 78-82. (In Russian).
  • Properties of Bar Reinforcing Steel at Cryogenic Temperatures
  • UDC 691.87
    Sergey A. MADATYAN, e-mail: labarm@rambler.ru
    Dmitry Е. KLIMOV, e-mail: dimochka_k@mail.ru
    Vyacheslav V. DYACHKOV, e-mail: d_vv@mail.ru
    JSC Research of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The article presents the requirements of domestic and foreign norms for the reinforcing hire used in reinforced concrete structures at negative temperatures. The results of comparative tensile tests under cryogenic temperatures of the reinforcing hire of different classes having different strength levels, chemical compositions and technology of production are presented. In addition, the results of impact bending tests of samples of reinforcing hire under the wide diapason of negative temperatures have been obtained. On the basis of test results, the assessment of compliance of the new reinforcing hire properties with requirements of domestic and foreign regulations has been made. The data obtained make it possible to evaluate the operation of reinforcement under cryogenic temperatures, qualitatively characterize and compare the existing and presently used reinforcing hire from the point of view of reliability when using in reinforced concrete structures operated under low negative temperatures. The results of tests are presented in the form of tables, graphic dependences and photos reflecting the difference in the nature of destruction of tested samples of different classes of reinforcement.
    Key words: cryogenic temperature, reinforcing hire, cold-resistant reinforcement, reinforced concrete constructions at negative temperatures, impact strength of reinforcement.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Slyshenkov S. O. Cold-resistant reinforcement for concrete structures. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2007, no. 3, pp. 19-22. (In Russian).
    2. EN 14620-3-2006. Design and manufacture of site built, vertical, cylindrical flat-bottomed steel tanks for the storage of refrigerated liquefied gases with operating temperatures between 0 and -165 °C. Part 3. Concrete components.
    3. Madatjan S. A. Armatura zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij [Reinforcement of concrete structures]. Moscow, Voentehlit Publ., 2000. 256 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Madatyan S. A., Klimov D. Е., Dyachkov V. V. Properties of bar reinforcing steel at cryogenic temperatures. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 83-87. (In Russian).
  • Features of Nondestructive Testing of Concrete Strength with Addition of Silica Fume
  • UDC 666.973:691:539.4
    Mariya G. KOREVITSKAYA, e-mail: 1747402@mail.ru
    Sergey I. IVANOV, e-mail: 5378018@mail.ru
    Bobbek Kh.TUKHTAEV, e-mail: 2290831@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The use of nondestructive methods of testing of the concrete strength on the structure surfaces according to the current normative documents can reduce the factual concrete strength. To avoid errors, when testing the strength of concrete with addition of micro-silica by nondestructive methods, it is necessary to take into account possible reduction in the strength of the surface layer of concrete. The article presents results of calculating the coefficient of concrete strength increase at the depth for concrete of different classes. The methodology for determining the concrete strength at the depth of the structure on the basis of the use of direct control method (separation with shear) is proposed. With the use of this methodology, the concrete strength was calculated for a variety of structures at construction sites of Moscow; results of the statistical analysis obtained are presented. The recommendations for determining the minimum number of testing sites for finding the coefficient of concrete strength increase at the depth and limiting its average value are provided.
    Key words: strength of concrete, silica fume, coefficient of concrete strength increase at depth, direct method of control.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Zhidkevich R. K., Lazopulo L. L., Sheynfel'd A. V., Ferdzhulyan A. G. Prigozhenko O. V. Experience in the preparation, implementation and monitoring of high-strength modified concrete at the facilities of JSC "Mospromstroy". Beton i zhelezobeton, 2005, no. 2, pp. 2-8. (In Russian).
    2. Veretennikov V. I., Bulavitskiy M. S. Some results of experimental studies of the properties of concrete heterogeneity in terms of large-size elements. Sb. "Beton i zhelezobeton - vzglyad v budushchee". Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2014. Vol. 4. 262-271 pp. (In Russian).
    3. Korevitskaya M. G. Non-destructive methods for quality control of concrete in the construction of buildings of reinforced concrete and structural survey. Stroyprofil', 2010, no. 1, pр. 42-44. (In Russian).
    4. Ivanov S. I., Tukhtaev B. Kh., Kuzevanov D. V. Features of the control strength of vertical designs from heavy concrete of design class B45 and above using non-destructive methods. Tekhnologii betonov, 2006, no. 4, pp. 16-17. (In Russian).
    5. Korevitsekaya M. G., Kuzevanov D. V. Improving the regulatory framework for the mechanical methods of nondestructive testing of concrete strength. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2010, no. 1, pр. 18-19. (In Russian).
    6. Mitropol'skiy A. K. Tekhnika statisticheskikh vychisleniy [Technique statistical calculations]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1971. 576 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Korevitskaya M. G., Ivanov S. I., Tukhtaev B. Kh. Features of nondestructive testing of concrete strength with addition of silica fume. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 88-91. (In Russian).
  • Chlorides in Concrete and Their Impact on D evelopment of Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement
  • UDC 691.32:620.193.7
    Nikolay К. ROSENTAL, e-mail: rosental08@mail.ru
    Valentina F. STEPANOVA, e-mail: vfstepanova@mail.ru
    Galina V. CHEHNIY, e-mail: chehniy@mail.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, NIIZHB named after A. A. Gvozdev, 2-ya Institutskaya ul., 6, korp. 5, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The total chloride content in cement, crushed stone, gravel, water mixing and additives may exceed the maximum allowable in concrete of reinforced concrete structures. Chlorides exist in concrete as chemically bound, weakly bound and free chlorides. Free chlorides can cause corrosion of steel reinforcement. Reliable methods for the determination of free and weakly bound chlorides in concrete are not available, which makes it difficult to assess their danger. To assess the danger of chlorides in concrete made of materials with a high content of chlorides, in addition to determining the total content of chlorides in the raw materials and concrete, it is recommended to carry out electrochemical and corrosion tests of steel reinforcement in concrete. To improve the protective effect of concrete in the aggressive chloride environment is possible as a result of decrease in the diffusion permeability of concrete. The use of effective complex modifiers of concrete makes it possible to significantly reduce the diffusion permeability for chlorides. The concrete of this quality reliably protects the steel reinforcement against corrosion in chloride environments.
    Key words: concrete, steel reinforcement, chlorides, corrosion, critical chloride content, free chlorides, bound chlorides, diffusion permeability.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Otieno M., Beushausen H., Alexander M. Chloride-induced corrosion of steel in cracked concrete [Коррозия стали, вызванная хлоридами в трещинах бетона]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2016, vol. 79, pp. 373-394.
    2. Laurens S., Henocq P., Rouleau N., Deby F., Samson E., Marchand J., Bissonnette B. Steadi-state polarization response of chloride-induced macrocell corrosion systems in steel reinforced concrete - numerical and experimental investigations [Поляризационный отклик системы коррозионных макроячеек, индуцированных хлоридами, на стали в бетоне - численные и экспериментальные исследования]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2016, vol. 79, pp. 272-290.
    3. Berrocal C. G., Lundgren K., Lдfgren I. Corrosion of steel bars embedded in fibre reinforced concrete under chloride attack: state of the art [Коррозия стальных стержней в фибробетоне при хлоридной агрессии]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2016, vol. 80, pp. 69-85.
    4. Diab Ahmed M., Aliabdo Ali A., M. Diab Ahmed Mohamed Ismail. Corrosion behavior of reinforced steel in concrete with ground limestone partial cement replacement [Коррозионное поведение стальной арматуры в бетоне с частичной заменой цемента известняком]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2015, vol. 67, pp. 747-761.
    5. Gent J., Esterbrook D., Long-yuan L., Li-wei M. The stability of bond chlorides in cement paste with sulfate attack [Устойчивость связанных хлоридов в цементном камне при сульфатной агрессии]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2015, vol. 68, pp. 211-222.
    6. Richartz W. Die Bindung von Chlorid bei der Zementerhдrtung [Связывание хлоридов при твердении цемента]. Zement-Kalk-Gips, 1979, vol. 22, h. 10, ss. 10-12.
    7. Trittharz I. Bewehrungskorrosion - Zur Frage des Chloridbindevermцgens von Zement [Коррозия арматуры - к вопросу о связывании хлоридов цементом]. Zement-Kalk-Gips,1984, no. 4, ss. 200-204.
    8. Gouda K., Mourad H. M. Galvanic cells encountered in the corrosion of steel reinforcement. Differential salt concentration cells [Гальванические элементы, образующиеся при коррозии стальной арматуры. Ячейки дифференциальной концентрации соли]. Corrosion Science, 1975, vol. 15, рр. 112-115.
    9. Collepardi М. Quick method to determine free and bound chlorides in concrete [Быстрый метод определения свободных и связанных хлоридов в бетоне]. Chloride Penetration into Concrete. Proc. of the International RILEM Workshop, 1995, рp. 10-16.
    10. Tаng L., Nilsson L. O. Chloride binding isotherms - an approach by applying the modified BET equation [Изотермы связывания хлоридов с применением модифицированного уравнения БЕТ]. Chloride Penetration into Concrete. Proc. of the International RILEM Workshop, 1995, рp. 36-42.
    11. Hausman D. A. Corrosion of steel in concrete [Коррозия стали в бетоне]. Materials protection, 1967, vol. 6, no. 19, р. 370.
    12. Rozental' N. K. Korrozionnaya stoykost' tsementnykh betonov nizkoy i osobo nizkoy pronitsaemosti [Corrosion resistance of cement concretes with low and very low permeability]. Moscow, FGUP TSPP Publ., 2006. 520 p. (In Russian).
    13. Eygeles M. A., Moiseev V. M., et al. About long-range influence of the surface forces of mineral systems. Poverkhnostnye sily v tonkikh plenkakh i dispersnykh sistemakh [Surface forces in thin films and disperse systems]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1972. Pp. 271-276. (In Russian).
    14. Alekseev S. N., Rozental' N. K. Korrozionnaya stoykost' zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy v agressivnoy promyshlennoy srede [Corrosion durability of reinforced concrete structures in aggressive industrial environments]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1976. 205 p. (In Russian).
    15. Everett L. H., Treadaway K. W. J. Deterioration due to corrosion in reinforced concrene [Разрушение, вызываемое коррозией арматуры в бетоне]. Building Research Establishment Information. Paper IP 12/80.BRE. Garston, Watford, 1980.
    16. Glass G. K., Buenfeld N. R. Chloride threshold levels for corrosion induced deterioration of steel in concrete [Пороговые уровни содержания хлоридов для коррозии, вызывающей разрушение стали в бетоне]. Chloride Penetration into Concrete. Proc. of the International RILEM Workshop. 1995, рр. 429-440.
    17. Glass G. K., Buenfeld N. R. The Determination of chloride dinding relationships [Определение количества связанных хлоридов]. Chloride Penetration into Concrete. Proc. of the International RILEM Workshop. 1995, рр. 3-9.
  • For citation: Rozental N. K., Stepanova V. F., Chekhniy G. V. Chlorides in concrete and their impact on the development of corrosion of steel reinforcement. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 92-96. (In Russian).
  • Structural Heat Insulation on the Basis of Wood-Processing and Mining Waste
  • UDC 691.1
    Victor E. DANILOV, e-mail: v.danilov@narfu.ru
    Arkady M. AYZENSTADT, e-mail: a.isenshtadt@narfu.ru
    Tatiana A. MAKHOVA, e-mail: t.mahova@narfu.ru
    Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Severnaya Dvina naberezhnaya, 17, Arkhangelsk 163002, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The integrated use of large-tonnage waste of wood processing and mining industries, waste of wood debarking and basalt screenings in particular, is a very relevant problem. It is proposed to produce the structural heat insulation in the form of plates of certain sizes. The bark of common pine and basalt screenings of the Miandukha Deposit of Arkhangelsk Oblasr are substantially selected as an initial raw material for plates manufacturing. An optimal method for producing a new nano-composite on the basis of these materials is presented, a composition of the binder is selected. Strength, thermo-physical and fire properties of the structural heat insulation on the basis of waste of wood debarking and basalt screenings are studied. The obtained dependence of the nano-composite strength increase from the elapsed time shows that the material gains the maximal compression strength during 7 day (at least 3.0 MPa). When determining the thermal conductivity coefficient, it is established that heat insulating properties of the nano-composite are comparable with common heat insulation materials. The experiments conducted for defining the fire-technical characteristics make it possible to conclude that the smoke formation and toxicity of the nano-composite are significantly reduced comparing with wood materials and combustibility and ignitability remain without changes.
    Key words: structural heat insulation, wood processing and mining waste, wood barking, basalt screenings, nano-composite, thermo-physical and fire-hazard properties.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Plant health guide. Importing wood, wood products and bark [Импорт древесины, древесной продукции и коры]. Requirements for landing controlled material into Great Britain from non-EU countries, 2014. 32 p.
    2. Pasztory Z., Ronyecz I. The thermal insulation capacity of tree bark [Теплоизоляционная способность древесной коры]. Acta Silvatica Lignaria Hungarica, 2013, vol. 9, pp. 111-117.
    3. Baran Tufan. Autogenous tumbling media assessment to clean weathered surfaces of waste-rock particles from a basalt quarry [Оценка автогенного галтования выветрившихся поверхностей частиц отсева с базальтового карьера]. Minerals, 2015, no. 5, pp. 346-355.
    4. Mianowski A., Wasilewski P., Polanski Ja. Briquetting of basalt wastes [Брикетирование базальтовых отходов]. Powder Technology, 1991, vol. 68(2), pp. 101-108.
    5. Malikov I. N., Noskova Yu. A., Karaseva M. S., Perederii M. A. Granulated sorbents from wood waste [Гранулированные сорбенты из древесных отходов]. Solid Fuel Chemistry, 2006, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 100-106.
    6. Zhi Xing, Djelal Ch., Vanhove Ya., Kada H. Wood waste in concrete blocks made by vibrocompression [Древесные отходы в бетонных блоках, полученные виброкомпрессией]. Environmental processes, 2015, no. 2, pp. 223-232.
    7. Ashori A. Hybrid composites from waste materials [Гибридные композиты из отходов]. Polymers and Environment, 2010, no. 18(1), pp. 65-70.
    8. Hermawan A., Ohuchi T., Fujimoto N., Murase Ya. Manufacture of composite board using wood prunings and waste porcelain stone [Производство композитной доски с использованием древесных обрезков и отходов фарфорового камня]. Journal of Wood Science, 2009, no. 55(1), pp. 74-79.
    9. Ayzenshtadt A., Lesovik V., Frolova M., Tutygin A., Danilov V. Nanostructured wood mineral composite [Наноструктурированный древесно-минеральный композит]. Procedia Engineering, 2015, vol. 117, pp. 45-51.
    10. Danilov V., Ayzenstadt A., Frolova M., Tutygin A. The wood-cement composition based on waste from debarking and sifting of basalt [Древесно-цементная композиция на основе отходов окорки и отсева базальта]. 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & EXPO SGEM 2015. Nano, bio and green: Technologies for a sustainable future. Vol. 1. "Micro & nano technologies advances in biotechnology", 2015. Pp. 227-234.
    11. Danilov V. E., Aizenshtadt A. M., Frolova M. A., Turobova M. A., Karelskiy A. M. Producing of organomineral filler on the basis of wooden bark and basalt for development of composite materials. Stroitel'nye materialy, 2015, no. 7, pp. 72-75. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Danilov V. E., Ayzenstadt A. M., Makhova T. A. Structural heat insulation on the basis of wood-processing and mining waste. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 97-100 (In Russian).
  • Evaluation of Influence of Atmospheric Impacts on Strength and Elastic Properties of Mineral Wool Boards in Wall Insulation Systems
  • UDC 692.232
    Vyacheslav N. CHERNOIVAN, e-mail: vnchernoivan@list.ru
    Nikolay V. CHERNOIVAN, e-mail: chernoivan@inbox.ru
    Anna V. CHERNOIVAN, e-mail: bel_anna@list.ru
    Brest State Technical University, ul. Moskovskaya, 267, Brest 224013, Repablic of Belarus
    Abstract. It is established that mineral wool boards used in light plaster systems have good thermal characteristics and high values of vapor permeability coefficient comparing with non-pressed foam polystyrene and foam glass. It is proved that the use of a binder on the basis of phenol-formaldehyde resin makes it possible to consider mineral wool boards as a polymeric material. The analysis of technical conditions of mineral wool boards in the structure of the light plaster system is made. The evaluation of the influence of temperature-humidity impacts on the strength characteristics of the binder on the basis of phenol-formaldehyde resins is made. The procedure has been developed and laboratory tests of samples of boards exposed to the open air have been conducted. The results obtained show that during the use of mineral wool boards in the structure of the light plaster system, the destruction of the binder on the basis of phenol-formaldehyde resins takes place and, as result, the material density is diminished by 20% and strength characteristics of boards decrease by almost 50%. It is recommended, when designing such systems with the use of mineral wool board and assigning the calculation limits of strength and elastic modules, to take into account their decrease due to atmospheric and force impacts.
    Key words: mineral wool boards, binding agent based on phenol-formaldehyde resin, exposure to open air, atmospheric impacts, light plaster system.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Chernoivan V. N., Novoseltsev V. G., Chernoivan N. V. Technical condition of constructive layers of thermo-insulated external walls of maintained buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel`stvo, 2014, no. 4, pp. 48-50. (In Russian).
    2. Available at: http://www.oaogsm.by/?q=ru/product/beltep-fasad-t-beltep-fasad-beltep-fasad-12-beltep-fasad-15.html. (accessed 23.12.2016).
    3. Posobie po fiziko-mekhanicheskim kharakteristikam stroitel'nykh penoplastov i sotoplastov [The manual on physicomechanical performances of building polyfoams and honeycomb plastics]. Мoscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1977. 79 p. (In Russian).
    4. Ratner S. B., Yarcev V. P. Fizicheskaya mekhanika plastmass. Kak prognoziruyut rabotosposobnost'? [Physical mechanics of plastics. How to predict performance?] Moscow, Himiya Publ., 1992. 320 p. (In Russian).
    5. Toma_ Vrana. Impact of moisture on long term performance of insulating products based on stone wool. Stockholm: KTH - The Royal Institute of Technology. School of Architecture and the Built Environment, 2007. 62 р.
    6. Yarcev V. P., Mamontov A. A., Mamontov S. A. The influence of external factors on thermo-physical and continual mechanical properties of mineral wool boards. Voprosy sovremennoi nauki i praktiki. Universitet im. V. I. Vernadskogo, 2014, no. 1, pp. 125-134. (In Russian).
    7. Smirnova T. V. Increase of operational resistance of mineral wool products of combined density at the result of optimizing of foaming parameters and heat processing of mineral wool mat. Мoscow, МGSU Publ., 2015. 184 p. (In Russian).
    8. Tsvetkov A. K. Agency examination temperature and humidity impacts on a modification of internal stresses in glued wood structures. Мoscow, TSNIISK Publ., 1977. 163 p. (In Russian).
  • For citation: Chernoivan V. N., Chernoivan N. V., Chernoivan A. V. Evaluation of influence of atmospheric impacts on strength and elastic properties of mineral wool boards in wall insulation systems. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 101-104. (In Russian).
  • To the Issue of Strength of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Sheet and Bar Reinforcement under Action of Local Load
  • UDC 624.073
    Arkady V. GRANOVSKY, e-mail: arcgran@list.ru
    JSC Research Center of Construction, Research Institute of Building Constructions (TSNIISK) named after V. A. Koucherenko, 2-ya Institutskaya, 6, Moscow 109428, Russian Federation
    Alexandr L. MOCHALOV, e-mail: mochalov12@mail.ru
    Byuro vnedreniya, 3, str.1, off. 304, 3-ya Mytishchinskaya ul., 1290985 Moscow, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The structural solutions of junction zones in frame buildings, zones of resting of floor slabs on columns and columns on foundation plates, are analyzed. The shortcomings of these structural solutions for increasing the bearing capacity of slabs under the action of local load are noticed. The combined system of reinforcement of resting zones of slabs is proposed as an alternative to the existing method for strengthening slabs in the zone of pushing with the use of rod spatial reinforcement cage. The system includes the bar and sheet reinforcement. Results of the experimental study of the strength of reinforced concrete plates of 300x300 cm and 50 cm thickness for pushing are presented. It is established that the destruction of samples occurred without separation of structures for separate fragments as this takes place in the samples reinforced with cross bar reinforcement only. The nature of deformation of concrete specimens during the loading process represents the linear-elastic line. The practical application of the proposed structural solution of combined reinforcement of supporting zones of foundation plates shows their high efficiency and reliability.
    Key words: concrete deformation, bearing capacity of slabs, local loads, combined system of slabs reinforcement.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bolgov A. N. Work for interface of high-strength concrete columns overlap in monolithic buildings with frame braced system. Diss. kand. tekhn. nauk. Moscow, NIIZhB Publ., 2005. 151 p. http://tekhnosfera.com/rabota-uzlov-sopryazheniya-kolonn-iz-vysokoprochnogo-betona-s-perekrytiem-v-monolitnyh-zdaniyah-s-ramno-svyazevoy-sistemo (accessed 20.11.2016). (In Russian).
    2. Klovanich S. F., Shekovtsov V. I. Prodavlivanie zhelezobetonnykh plit. Naturnyy i chislennyy eksperimenty [Punching of reinforced concrete slabs. Full-scale and numerical experiments]. Odessa, ONMU Publ., 2011. 119 p. (In Russian).
    3. Vatin N. I., Ivanov A. D. Sopryazhenie kolonn i bezrebristoy bezkapitel'noy plity perekrytiya monolitnogo zhelezobetonnogo karkasnogo zdaniya [Pair of columns and bezrebristoy bezkapitelnoy slabs reinforced concrete frame building]. St. Petersburg, SpbODZPP Publ., 2006. 83 p. (In Russian).
    4. Tarshish V. A., Gordon A. L. Effective design of precast slabs for strip foundations. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1980, no. 2, pp. 20-21. (In Russian).
    5. Korovin N. N., Golubev A. Yu. Punching thick reinforced concrete slabs. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1989, no. 11, pp. 20-23. (In Russian).
    6. Karpenko N. I. Obshchie modeli mekhaniki zhelezobetona [General mechanics model of reinforced concrete]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1996. 416 p. (In Russian).
    7. Karpenko N. I., Karpenko S. N. Practical calculation method of reinforced concrete slabs punching under various schemes. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2012, no. 5, pp. 32-35. (In Russian).
    8. Moe J. Shearing strength of reinforced concrete slabs and footings under concentrated loads. Development Department Bulletin D 47, PCA Research and Development Laboratories, Illinois, 1961. 130 p.
    9. Wensheng B. Punching shear retrofit method using shear bolts for reinforced concrete slabs under seismic loading. University of Waterloo, 2008. 233 p.
    10. Muttoni A. Shear and punching strength of slabs without shear reinforcement. Beton- und Stahlbetonbau, 2003, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 74-78.
    11. Patent na poleznuyu model RF 73891. Slab reinforced concrete structure. Mochalov A. L., Pekin D. A. 2008. Available at: http://bankpatentov.ru/node/23281 (accessed 20.11.2016). (In Russian).
  • For citation: Granovsky A. V., Mochalov A. L. To the issue of strength of reinforced concrete slabs reinforced with sheet and bar reinforcement under action of local load. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering], 2017, no. 1, pp. 105-109. (In Russian).
  • CRITICISM AND BIBLIOGRAPHYA
  • Announcing new additions to The Cambridge Handbooks on Construction Robotics Series