Published since 1923
DOI: 10.33622/0869-7019
Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) на платформе Web of Science

Contents of issue № 11 (november) 2016

  • Structural mechanics
  • Calculation of Trusses by Finite-Element Method with Due Regard for Geometric Non-Linearity
  • UDC 624.075
    Vladimir P. AGAPOV, e-mail: agapovpb@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Kurban R. AIDEMIROV, e-mail: kyrayd@mail.ru
    Daghestani State Technical University, prosp. I. Shamilia, 70, Mahachcala 367015, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The development of alternative methods for non-linear calculations is very relevant as this increases the nearness of the selected calculation scheme to the real operation of structures and the calculation accuracy. Methods for calculation of flat and spatial trusses with due regard for geometric non-linearity are described. Formulas that are the basis for the finite-element method for calculating hinged-rod systems in a geometrically non-linear formulation are presented. Features of the incremental-iterative algorithm and its realization in the "PRINS" software complex are considered. Samples of the calculation of flat and spatial arch trusses with due regard for and without due regard for the local loss of stability at different stages of loading are presented. An impact of the local loss of stability on the bearing capacity of hinged-rod systems is evaluated. The necessity to take into account plastic deformations when assessing the general stability of these systems is noted. The proposed methodology and the program compiled on its basis can be used for the calculation of building structures in the course of their designing.
    Key words: flat and spatial trusses, finite-element method, geometric non-linearity, hinged-rod system, incremental- iterative method.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Zhuravskij D. I. O mostah raskosnoj fermy Gau [About diagonal bridges farm Gau]. Sankt-Petersburg, tip D. Kesnevilja Publ., 1855. 161 p. (In Russian).
    2. Galerkin B. G. K raschetu bezraskosnyh ferm i zhestkih ram [To calculate bezraskosnye trusses and rigid frames]. Moscow, Gostehizdat Publ., 1926. 24 p. (In Russian).
    3. Filin A. P. Matricy v statike sterzhnevyh sistem [Matrix in the static rod systems]. Moscow, Gosstrojizdat Publ., 1966. 438 p. (In Russian).
    4. Gofman Sh. M., Agapov V. P. The calculation of spatial stability of hinged-rod systems. Izv. vuzov. Stroitel'stvo i arhitektura, 1972, no. 1, pp. 31-35. (In Russian).
    5. Aleksandrov A. V., Lashhenikov B. Ja., Shaposhnikov N. N., Smirnov V. A. Metody rascheta sterzhnevyh sistem, plastin i obolochek s ispol'zovaniem JeVM [Methods of calculation of rod systems, plates and shells using computers]. Moscow, Strojizdat Publ., 1976. Vol. 1. 248 p. (In Russian).
    6. Bernshtejn S. A., Keropjan K. K. Opredelenie chastot kolebanij sterzhnevyh sistem metodom spektral'noj funkcii [Determination of frequency of vibrations of rod systems by spectral function]. Moscow, Gosstrojizdat Publ., 1960. 281 p. (In Russian).
    7. Smeljanskij I. V. The solution of geometrically and physically nonlinear problems of structural mechanics of rod systems. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta, 2007, no. 11, pp. 83-88. (In Russian).
    8. Galishnikova V. V. The formulation is geometrically nonlinear deformation space trusses based on the finite element method. Vestnik VolgGASU. Ser. Stroitel'stvo i arhitektura, 2009, vol. 14(33), pp. 50-58. (In Russian).
    9. Hejdari A., Galishnikova V. V. Factors influencing the critical load and the distribution of local buckling of gridshells. Vestnik RUDN, 2013, no. 1, pp. 118-133. (In Russian).
    10. Bondarenko V. M., Kolchunov V. I. The concept and directions of development of the theory of structural safety of buildings and structures under the influence of force and environmental factors. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 2, pp. 28-31. (In Russian).
    11. Chernov Ju. T. To the calculation of systems with off ties. Stroitel'naja mehanika i raschet sooruzhenij, 2010, no. 4, pp. 53-57. (In Russian).
    12. Agapov V. P. Metod konechnyh jelementov v statike, dinamike i ustojchivosti konstrukcij [Finite element method in statics, dynamics and stability of structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2005. 247 p. (In Russian).
  • Analysis of Deformation and Crack Formation of Multistory Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Frame-Bar Structural Systems under Limit and Beyond-Limit Conditions
  • UDC 624.046:624.073
    Natalia V. FEDOROVA, e-mail: klynavit@yandex.ru
    Southwest State University, ul. 50 let Octyabrya, 94, Kursk 305040, Russian Federation
    Pavel A. KORENKOV, e-mail: kpa_gbk@mail.ru
    Academy of Construction and Architecture under V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, ul. Pavlenko, 3, Simferopol 295001, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The results of experimental studies according to the developed methodology are presented; the analysis of the deformation and crack formation of multistory monolithic reinforced-concrete structural systems under extreme and beyond-limit conditions is made. The beyond-limit state was simulated by sudden exclusion of an experimental sample of one of the vertical bearing elements from the bearing system. The scheme of formation, development, and opening of cracks under the design load and beyond-design impact is analyzed. A quantitative assessment of the increment width of cracks in elements of the structural system due to the sudden exclusion of the vertical bearing element is made. The analysis of additional dynamic stresses of bearing elements of the system caused by the emergency impact considered is presented. Factors which influence on the quantitative values of the intensity of additional dynamic stresses are established.
    Key words: progressive collapse, survivability of structural systems, sustainability, failures of bearing structures, nonlinear model, emergency impact, beyond- limit state.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Geniev G. A., Kolchunov V. I., Klyuyeva N. V., Nikulin A. I., Pjatikrestovskij K. P. Prochnost' i deformativnost' zhelezobetonnyh konstrukcij pri zaproektnyh vozdejstvijah [The strength and deformability of reinforced concrete structures under beyond-design impacts]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2004. 216 p. (In Russian).
    2. Klyuyeva N. V., Vetrova O. A. To assess the survivability of reinforced concrete frame and truss structural systems with sudden beyond-design impacts. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2008, no. 4, pp. 56-57. (In Russian).
    3. Klyuyeva N. V., Shuvalov K. A. Experimental studies of the survivability of prestressed concrete beam systems. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstrukcija, 2012, no. 5, pp. 13-22. (In Russian).
    4. Kolchunov V. I., Prasolov N. O., Kozharinova L. V. Experimental and theoretical studies of survivability of reinforced concrete frames with buckling of the individual element. Vestnik MGSU, 2011, no. 3, pp. 109-115. (In Russian).
    5. Androsova N. B., Buhtijarova A. S., Klyuyeva N. V. The definition of criteria for the survivability of the fragment spatial frame-rod system. Stroitel'stvo i rekonstrukcija, 2010, no. 6, pp. 3-7. (In Russian).
    6. Kolchunov V. I., Klyuyeva N. V., Androsova N. B., Buhtijarova A. S. Zhivuchest' zdanij i sooruzhenij pri zaproektnyh vozdejstvijah [The survivability of buildings and structures under beyond-design impacts]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2014. 208 p. (In Russian).
    7. Kodysh E. N., Trekin N. N., Chesnokov D. A. Protection of multistory buildings from progressing collapse. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 6, pp. 8-13. (In Russian).
    8. Krakovskij M. B., Shapiro G. I. Reinforced concrete design of buildings for resistance to progressive collapse using the computer program "OM SNiP reinforced Concrete". Beton i zhelezobeton, 2007, no. 6, pp. 12-14. (In Russian).
    9. Klyuyeva N. V., Koren'kov P. A. Method of experimental determination of parameters of survivability of reinforced concrete frame-rod structural systems. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 2, pp. 44-48. (In Russian).
    10. Emel'janov S.G., Klyuyeva N.V., Koren'kov P.A. The method for determining the parameters of the survivability of reinforced concrete frames of multi-storey buildings. Izvestija vuzov. Tehnologija tekstil'noj promyshlennosti, 2016, no. 3, pp. 266-270. (In Russian).
    11. Lew H. S., Bao Y., Sadek F., Main J. A., Pujol S., Mete A. An experimental and computational study of reinforced concrete assemblies under a column removal scenario. Sozen-Boulder: Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Tech. Note 1720, 2011. 104 p.
    12. Bao Y., Kunnath S. K., El-Tawil S., Lew H. S. Macromodel-based-based simulation of progressive collapse: reinforced concrete frame structures. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2008, vol. 134, no. 7, pp. 1079-1091.
    13. Mosalam K. M., Talaat M., Park S. Modeling Progressive Collapse in Reinforced Concrete Framed Structures. The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China. 8 p.
    14. Krauthammer Т., Hall R. L., Woodson S. C., Baylol J. T., Hayes J. R. S. Development of progressive collapse analysis procedure and condition assessment for structures. National workshop on prevention of progressive collapse in Roscmont. IL. Multihazard Mitigation Council of the National Institute of Building Sciences. Washington. DC, 2003. 12 p.
    15. Klyueva N. V., Koren'kov P. A. Ustrojstvo dlja jeksperimental'nogo opredelenija dinamicheskih dogruzhenij v ramno-sterzhnevyh konstruktivnyh sistemah // Zajavka na izobretenie № 2016130262 ot 22.07.2016. (In Russian).
  • Calculation of Compressed-Bent Plates with Mixed Boundary Conditions along the Edge by the Method of Initial Functions
  • UDC 624.073
    Andrew Yu. USHAKOV, e-mail: 903714@mail.ru
    Mihial G. VANYUSHENKOV
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The application of the analytical method of initial functions for calculation of thin resilient compressed-bent rectangular plates with combined boundary conditions along edges is considered. The algorithm of calculation is shown on the example of a rectangular plate with various conditions of fixing of longitudinal edges and consisting of two areas with identical boundary conditions. On the line of contact of areas, the hinge is embedded, the unknown moment is applied and a support with the unknown shift is added. They are presented in the form of the infinite trigonometrical series with two unknown coefficients. For each area, the decision is received by the method of initial functions which precisely meets boundary conditions on the longitudinal parties and contains the arbitrary constants. They can be received by means of a ratio of the generalized orthogonality of homogeneous decisions from satisfaction to boundary conditions on longitudinal sides of areas. These unknown coefficients are defined from contact conditions on lines of joining of two areas - equalities of an angle of rotation and shear force. It is shown that for realization of these conditions, it is enough to consider no more than three terms of expansion. Results of the calculation of the rectangular plate having the mixed boundary conditions along the longitudinal party are given.
    Key words: rectangular plate, boundary conditions, hinge, filling of blowholes, support, method of initial functions, equations, displacement, internal efforts, ratio of generalized orthogonality.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Evzerov I. D. Problems of stability for rod stock and plates. Inzhenerno-stroitelnyj zhurnal, 2014, no. 1(45), pp. 6-11. (In Russian).
    2. Kolpak E. P., Maltseva L. S. About stability of oblate plates. Molodoj uchenyj, 2015, no. 14, pp. 1-8. (In Russian).
    3. Gabbasov R. F., Filatov V. V. To calculation it is squeezed - curved plates on not continuous elastic basis. Promyshlennoe I grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2004, no. 10, pp. 34-35. (In Russian).
    4. Ushakov A. Yu., Vanyushenkov M. G. Bending of a rectangular plate under the action of longitudinal compressive forces. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 10, pp. 72-73. (In Russian).
    5. Vanyushenkov M. G., Ushakov A. Yu. The ratio of the generalized orthogonality and their use when calculating is squeezed - curved plates by method of initial functions. Stroitel'naja mehanika i raschet sooruzhenij, 2006, no. 6, pp. 12-17. (In Russian).
  • Building structures, buildings and facilities
  • On Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures for Endurance
  • UDC 624.012.35/45
    Ilshat T. MIRSAYAPOV, e-mail: mirsayapovit@mail.ru
    Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, ul. Zelenaya, 1, Kazan 420043, Russian Federation
    Ashot G. TAMRAZYAN, e-mail: tamrazian@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. An actual problem of fatigue resistance of reinforced concrete structures under the action of repeated loads is substantiated. Despite the fact that the operational loads on structures of industrial buildings vary harmonically, after the exclusion of calculation of reinforced structures for endurance from the design norms, the calculation is performed only for the static load action. At repeated loads with increasing the number of cycles, the stress level, at which the fatigue rupture occurs, reduces that is the fatigue (residual) strength of the concrete and reinforcement decreases. Thus, when calculating the bearing capacity of structures, higher values of strength limits are introduced in the calculation. In present design norms there is no due attention to ensuring the safety of reinforced concrete structures exposed to repeated loads. For example, there are no recommendations for appointment of criteria of fatigue destruction of reinforced concrete structures, methods for calculation of the stress state under repeated loads and endurance limits of materials are not regulated. Main guidelines for the development of new techniques and methods of calculation of reinforced concrete structures for endurance are outlined. Under repeated load, the intensification of concrete creep occurs that leads to an increase in residual deformations of compressed zone concrete. As a result of vibro-creep deformation of concrete under the cramped conditions, in the process of cyclic loading, the stress-strain state, coefficients of asymmetry of the stress cycle, and endurance limits of concrete and reinforcement change continuously. Under such conditions it is the most rationally to assess the state of structures under repeated loads through the checking of endurance conditions.
    Key words: repeated loads, fatigue destruction, endurance, endurance limits, deformations of vibro-creep.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Kirillov A. P. Vynoslivost' gidrotekhnicheskogo zhelezobetona [Endurance hydraulic concrete]. Moscow, Energiya Publ., 1978. 272 p. (In Russian).
    2. Bondarenko V. M., Kolchunov V. I. Raschetnye modeli silovogo soprotivleniya zhelezobetona [Computational model of a power resistance of reinforced concrete]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2004. 471 p. (In Russian).
    3. Karanfilov T. S., Volkov Yu. S. The impact of repetitive loads on concrete structures. Trudy Gidroproekta, 1966, no. 13, pp. 110-119. (In Russian).
    4. Kirillov A. P., Mirsayapov I. T. The influence of vibrocreep endurance of reinforced concrete structures. Beton i zhelezobeton, 1986, no. 1, pp. 45-46. (In Russian).
    5. Abashidze A. I. Endurance of simple and prestressed constructions over normal and oblique sections. Issledovaniya po voprosam razvitiya energetiki. Seysmostoykost' i dinamicheskaya nadezhnost' energeticheskikh ob"ektov, vozvodimykh v gornykh usloviyakh. Sb. nauch. tr. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1988. Pp. 69-75. (In Russian).
    6. Mailyan R. L., Lalayants N. G., Manchenko G. N. Raschet betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh elementov pri vibratsionnykh vozdeystviyakh [The calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete elements under vibration actions]. Rostov-na-Donu, Rostovskiy inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy institut Publ.,1983. 100 p. (In Russian).
    7. Mirsayapov Il. T. Detection of stress concentration regiones in cyclic loading by the heat monitoring method. Mechanics of Solids, 2010, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 133-139.
    8. Mirsayapov Il. T. Software the safety of reinforced concrete beams in inclined section for repetitive loads. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 1, pp. 23-27. (In Russian).
    9. Mirsayapov Il. T. The limit of endurance of the anchoring of rebar. Seysmostoykoe stroitel'stvo. Bezopasnost' sooruzheniy, 2016, no. 1, pp. 37-42. (In Russian).
    10. Mirsayapov Il. T. The stress-strain state in anchoring of armature of reinforcement under repeated loads. Vestnik MGSU, 2016, no. 5, pp. 28-36. (In Russian).
  • Experimental Study of Wind and Snow Influence on Projected Airport Complex
  • UDC [551.556+551.578]:725.39.001.57
    Pavel S. CHURIN, e-mail: pashok_@inbox.ru
    Julia S. GRIBACH, e-mail: js-995@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Design and construction of the terminals of the airport complexes is a unique and very complicated problem from an engineering point of view, because usually these buildings have original architectural forms. This feature determines the most relevant types of loads taken into account in the design - the climate (wind and snow) and seismic. This article presents the methodology of the pilot study for determining wind and snow loads on the passenger terminal of the airport (on the example of international and domestic airlines of the Volgograd International Airport) which is applied in the MGSU. For these studies, the model of passenger terminal of the airport complex has been developed. The article describes the main requirements for manufacturing the reduced model of the airport terminal, provides information about the installation of measuring equipment, and presents the main criteria for performance of tests. On the basis of processed results obtained during the work, a plot of dependences of dimensionless aerodynamic coefficients on the angle of attack (blowing) was constructed, as well as a diagram of the distribution of snow deposits on the roofing surface of the airport complex at selected direction of the wind.
    Key words: airport complex, wind and snow loads, wind tunnel, aerodynamic coefficient, angle of attack, snow deposits, snow transfer process.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Egorychev O. O., Churin P. S. Experimental study of wind loads on tall buildings. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 6, pp. 20-22. (In Russian).
    2. Poddaeva O. I., Dunichkin I. V. Computational-experimental studies of wind effects for residential complexes in Moscow. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 6, pp. 42-45. (In Russian).
    3. Poddaeva O. I. Physical study of architectural-construction aerodynamics for sustainable design in construction industry. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 9, pp. 35-38. (In Russian).
    4. Doroshenko S. A., Doroshenko A. V., Orechov G.V. Determination of the wind load on the three-dimensional structure by modeling the wind tunnel. Vestnik MGSU, 2012, no. 7, pp. 69-74. (In Russian).
    5. Bosak G., Flaga A., Flaga _., & K_aput R. Wind tunnel tests of a complex stadium roof [Испытания в аэродинамической трубе сложной кровли стадиона]. W: EACWE 2013: European-African Conference on Wind Engineering: proceedings. 2013. Pp. 1-8. Available at: http://www.iawe.org/Proceedings/EACWE2013/G.Bosak.pdf (accessed 21.07.2016).
    6. Yi P. Lingjiao L., Cunming M., Nan L. Wind tunnel test on the terminal of Daocheng Yading airport in Sichuan [Испытания в аэродинамической трубе терминала аэропорта Даоченг Ядинг в провинции Сычуань]. Industrial Construction, 2014, vol. 9, pp. 31.
    7. Cermak J. E. Wind-tunnel development and trends in applications to civil engineering [Совершенствование аэродинамических труб и тенденции их применения в гражданском строительстве]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2003, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 355-370.
    8. Uematsu Y., Isyumov N. Wind pressures acting on low-rise buildings [Воздействие ветра на малоэтажную засройку]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 1999. vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 1-25.
    9. Xuanyi Zhou, Jinhai Hu, Ming Gu. Wind tunnel test of snow loads on a stepped flat roof using different granular materials [Исследование в аэродинамической трубе снегового воздействия на плоскую ступенчатую кровлю с использованием различных сыпучих материалов]. Natural Hazards, 2014, vol. 74, iss. 3, pp. 1629-1648.
    10. Hjorth-Hansen E., Holand I., Loset S., Norem H. Snow Engineering 2000: Recent Advances and Developments [Снеговая инженерия 2000: последние достижения и разработки]. Netherlands, CRC Press, 2000. 470 p.
  • Determination of Parameters of Constructive Adaptability of Variative Steel Rod Structures
  • UDC 693.8 : 69.056.1
    Alexei N. ULSHIN, e-mail: lesha.ul@mail.ru
    Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya ul., 4, Saint-Petersburg 190005, Russian Federation
    Abstract. An actual problem of selecting main parameters of a rod structure, the solution of which makes it possible to choose the optimal structural solution with a minimal mass is considered. The known solutions which make it possible to determine the mass of structure at the stage of variant designing without calculation according to limit states are analyzed; their advantages and shortcomings are assessed. On the basis of the developed methodology, a functional dependence of the mass of steel rod structures on the parameters of design scheme is derived. The derivation of the dependence is made on the basis of the mathematical experiment in the course of conduction of which, a type of structure and edge conditions are varied, and a selection from calculation schemes is formulated. Afterwards, the calculation of the structure is made, cross-sections are selected, the mass for various structural variants is determined with the help of the program "Statistica". To construct the dependence of the mass and obtain the design equation, statistical processing and regressive analysis of results of the mass determination are carried out. On the basis of the research conducted, equations of regression for some beams, trusses as well as for columns have been derived.
    Key words: determination of mass of steel structures, constructive technological effectiveness, alternative design of a metal structures, optimization of design constructive decisions.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Lihtarnikov Ya. M. Rukovodstvo po variantnomu proektirovaniyu metallicheskih konstruktsiy [Manual on alternative design of metal constructions]. Donetsk, Donetskiy politehnicheskiy institut Publ., 1971. 321 p. (In Russian).
    2. Salahutdinov M. A., Kuznetsov I. L. Optimization of parameters of the new constructive solution of a steel frame of the multihop building. Izvestiya KGASU, 2012, no. 2(20), pp. 94-98. (In Russian).
    3. Koklyugina L. A., Mullanurov F. Sh. Assessment constructive solutions to the problem of choosing the most appropriate option. Sbornik nauchnyih trudov. Kazan, 1999. Pp. 81-87. (In Russian).
    4. Kuznecov I. L., Salahutdinov M. A., Gimranov L. R. New constructive solutions of steel frameworks of easy multiflying buildings. Izvestija KGASU, 2011, no. 1(15), pp. 88-92. (In Russian).
    5. Salahutdinov M. A., Kuznecov I. L. Optimization of parameters of the new constructive solution of a steel framework of the multiflying building. Izvestija KGASU, 2012, no. 2(20), pp. 94-98. (In Russian).
    6. Goncharenko D. F., Evel' S. M. Definition of indicators of technological effectiveness of metal designs. Nauchnyj vestnik stroitel'stva, 2009, no. 51, pp.15-18. (In Russian).
    7. Isaev A. V., Kuznecov I. L. Alternativeness of criteria of an optimality at synthesis of the rational constructive decision on the example of rafter farms. Izvestija KGASU, 2009, no. 1(11), pp. 92-98. (In Russian).
    8. Abspoel R., Bijlaard F. Optimization of plate girders. Steel Construction, 2014, vol. 7(no. 2), pp. 116-119.
    9. Azimi R., Abourizk S. M., Alvanchi A., Lee S. A framework for an automated and integrated project monitoring and control system for steel fabrication projects. Automation in Construction, 2011, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 88-97.
    10. Bureeva N. N. Mnogomernaja statisticheskij analiz s ispol'zovaniem PK "STATISTICA" [Multidimensional the statistical analysis with use of a program complex "STATISTICA"]. Nizhnij Novgorod, NC Informacionno-telekommunikacionnye sistemy Publ., 2007. 112 p. (In Russian).
    11. Ishkova L. V. Statisticheskie uravnenija zavisimostej v nauchnyh issledovanijah [The statistical equations of dependences in scientific researches]. Novokuzneck, Sibirskij filial Mezhdunarodnogo instituta jekonomiki i prava Publ., 2007. 47 p. (In Russian).
  • Architecture of buildings and structures. Town planning
  • Problems of Revival of Ancient Enterprises for Manufacturing Porcelain, Faience, Ceramics (on an example of Pervomaisky porcelain plant)
  • UDC 725.42:666.3/.6
    Boris S. ISTOMIN1, e-mail: cnipz@cnipz.ru
    Elena V. MALAYA2, e-mail: arxe_elena@mail.ru
    Galina V. PEREVODNOVA1, e-mail: perevodnovagalina@gmail.com
    1 TSNIIPromzdanii, Dmitrovskoe shosse, 46, korp. 2, Moscow 127238, Russian Federation
    2 Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) MARCHI, Rozhdestvenka ul., 11/4, korp. 1, str. 4, Moscow 107031, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The revival and operation of industrial enterprises of the XIX- early XX centuries have a value for preservation of the historical-cultural heritage, development of production, the growth of population employment and population welfare. These enterprises are important city forming elements of the development and significantly influence on the formation of urban environment. The article deals with the problems of revival of porcelain and faience factories and manufactories in the central part of Russia on the example of Pervomaisky porcelain plant (Yaroslavskaya Oblast) for purposes of the development of common scientific approach to the adaptation of industrial object to the modern settlement life. Reconstruction and revival of these enterprises will make it possible to arrange production during a short period and to make profits with the lowest investment costs that so important for the development of the country economy under current crisis conditions.
    Key words: historical and cultural heritage, industrial architecture monuments, reconstruction, porcelain manufactory, porcelain and faience factory, Kuznetsovsky porcelain, Pervomaisky porcelain plant.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Factory industry and trade of Russia / Mendeleyev D. I. St. Petersburg, Balasheva V. S. and Co Publ., 1893. 752 p. (In Russian).
    2. Tselnik G. L., Kostenko E. S. Russian experience of development of intellectual industrial property in Russia of the 18-19th centuries. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2011, no. 2. (In Russian).
    3. Nikiforova L. R. Sozdateli russkogo farfora. Zhizn' i dejatel'nost' D. I. Vinogradova [The creators of Russian porcelain. The life and activities of D. I. Vinogradov]. Lenigrag, Gos. Jermitazha Publ., 1962. 35 p. (In Russian).
    4. Tsurenko I. G., Nasonov I. S, Nasonov S. M. Russkiy fayans i farfor. Imperiya Kuznetsovykh i Konakovo. Iz chastnogo sobraniya [Russian faience and porcelain. Kuznetsov' and Konakovo empire. From private collection]. Moscow, Sredi kollektsionerov Publ., 2010. 510 р. (In Russian).
    5. Konovalova N. E. Russkij hudozhestvennyj farfor XVIII - pervoj treti XX vv. sobranii Rybinskogo muzeja-zapovednika [Russian art porcelain XVIII - the first third of the twentieth century in the collection of the Rybinsk Museum-reserve]. Moscow, ViT-print Publ., 2010. 95 p. (In Russian).
    6. Brokgauz F. A., Efron I. A. Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar' [Encyclopedic dictionary]. St. Petersburg, Brokgauz-Efron Publ., 1890-1907. (In Russian).
    7. Available at: http://venagid.ru/29-park-augarten-v-vene (accessed 27.05.2016).
    8. Vereshchagin A. S., Matveeva L. D. Ocherki po istorii rossiyskogo predprinimatel'stva [Sketches on history of the Russian business]. Ufa, UTIS Publ., 2001. 246 р. (In Russian).
    9. Fedotov V. G. Promysly Yaroslavskoy gubernii [Grafts of the Yaloslavl province]. Yaloslavl, 2003. 130 p. (In Russian).
    10. Gozhalimova O. Kuznetsovsky porcelain from coast of Volga. Ugleche Pole, 2013, no. 17, рр. 86-93. (In Russian).
    11. Selishchev E. N., Sinitsyn I. S. Industrial clusters as a basis of innovative development of economy of the Yaroslavl region. Yaroslavskiy pedagogicheskiy vestnik, 2011, no. 4, vol. III, pp. 177-180. (In Russian).
  • Technology and organization of construction
  • Methodical Issues of Development of Process Charts in Construction for a Modular House on the Basis of Timing Observations
  • UDC 69.003:658.012.22:69.057.124
    Leonid V. KIEVSKIY
    Sergey A. TIKHOMIROV
    El'vira I. KULESHOVA
    Viktor A. SHCHEGLOV, е-mail: mail@dev-city.ru
    Research and Design Center «City Development», Prospect Mira, 19, str, 3, Moscow 129090, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The appearance on the market of new projects and products for the construction industry, which are made with the use of advanced and original technologies of preparation, production and assembling, causes the need for upgrade and additional development of process charts that allow to replicate modern products of the construction industry with providing the high quality of works and meeting the regulatory deadlines. The article analyzes the methodological issues of development of process charts for the execution of specific operations when constructing the modular houses according to the technology of firm "KNAUF". The development of process charts was preceded by a thorough study and analysis of assembling and mounting processes, timing and photo-fixation of main processes during the production and installation of modules of a demonstration home that compensated the absence of a project of construction management, as an underlying basis for the formation of charts. When building a modular house, process charts are developed for two phases of work: the assembly of structural elements and of a module of residential house, as well as its installation. Proposals to improve the technology and organization of assembling and mounting processes are made.
    Key words: process chart modular house, framework, technology and organization of construction works.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Rukovodstvo po razrabotke tipovykh tekhnologicheskikh kart v stroitel'stve [Guidelines for the development of standard routings in the construction. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1976. 32 p. (In Russian).
    2. Rukovodstvo po razrabotke tekhnologicheskikh kart v stroitel'stve (k SNiP 3.01.01.85**) "Organizatsiya stroitel'nogo proizvodstva) [Guidelines for the development of technology in the construction of maps (for SNIP 3.01.01.85**) "Organization of construction production"] Moscow, TSNIIOMTP Publ., 1998. 17p. (In Russian).
    3. Kievskiy L. V., Shul'zhenko S. N., Volkov A. A. Investment policy the developer at the stage of preparation of the organizational. Vestnik MGSU, 2016, no. 3, pp. 111-121. (In Russian).
    4. Kievskiy L. V. Kompleksnost' i potok (organizatsiya zastroiki mikroraiona) [The complexity and the flow (organization development of the neighborhood)]. Moscow, Stroiizdat Publ., 1978. 136 p. (In Russian).
    5. Kievskiy L. V. Мultiplicative effects of construction activity. Naukovedenie, 2014, no. 3(22), pp. 104-109. (In Russian).
    6. Levkin S.I., Kievskiy L.V. Town planning aspects of the sectoral government programs. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 6, pp. 26-32. (In Russian).
    7. Shul'zhenko S. N., Kievskiy L. V., Volkov A. A. Improving the methodology for assessing the level of the organizational preparation of areas of concentrated construction. Vestnik MGSU, 2016, no. 3, pp. 135-143. (In Russian).
    8. Kievskiy L. V., Belevich V. B., Privin V. I. Routings in construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo,1999, no. 4, pp. 24-27. (In Russian).
    9. Kievskii L. V., Sergeev A. S. Organizational reserves increase production efficiency in the design and construction of residential buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2015, no. 8, pp. 62-66. (In Russian).
  • Standard Contents of Documents on Assessment of Environmental Impact of Planned Construction of Thermal Power Plants
  • UDC 621.311.22.022:614.7(083.75)
    Fedor F. BRUYKHAN, e-mail: pniiis-gip@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Thermal power generation belongs to one of the most ecologically dangerous branches of the industry, therefore problems of the ecological ensuring of construction of thermal power plants (TPPs) are very relevant. One of the main substantiating pre-design documents of the planned construction of TPPs is materials which assess their impact on the environment. The purpose of this document, its standard structure, and the procedure of taking environmentally-oriented solutions for the implementation of the planned construction of TPPs are discussed. It is noted that depending on the features of technical characteristics of the TPP under construction, the used technologies of electric power generation and also natural, socio-cultural and anthropogenic conditions of the territory of the TPP placement, the structure of the EIA's materials provides the corresponding specifications.
    Key words: thermal power plant, planned construction, environmental impact assessment, ecology, ecological safety, environment.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bryukhan A. F., Bryukhan F. F., Potapov A. D. Inzhenerno-ekologicheskie izyiskaniya dlya stroitelstva teplovyih elektrostantsiy [Engineering and ecological surveying for construction of thermal power plants]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010. 192 p. (In Russian).
    2. Revich B. A. To an assessment of influence of activity of energy industry on quality of environment and health of the population. Problemyi prognozirovaniya, 2010, no. 4, pp. 87-99. (In Russian).
    3. Volkov E. P., Gavrilov E. I. Complex natural ecological researches around thermal power plants of big power. Elektricheskie stantsii, 2005, no. 8, pp. 24-30. (In Russian).
    4. Gavrilov E. I. Ekologicheskie problemyi energetiki [Environmental problems of power]. Sbornik dokladov nauchnoy konferentsii "Elektroenergetika Rossii na rubezhe XXI veka i perspektivyi ee razvitiya" [Proceeding of the scientific conference "Power industry of Russia at a turn of the 21-st century and prospect of its development"]. Moscow, ENIN Publ., 1999. Pp. 213-223. (In Russian).
    5. Annual Energy Outlook 2012 with Projections to 2035. Washington, US Energy Information Administration, 2012. 239 p.
    6. Survey of Energy Resources-2010. London, World Energy Council, 2010. 608 p.
    7. Energeticheskaya strategiya Rossii na period do 2020 goda [Power strategy of Russia for the period till 2020]. Moscow, Institut ekonomicheskoy strategii Publ., 2003. 136 p. (In Russian).
    8. Key World Energy Statistics. Paris, International Energy Agency, 2008. 66 p.
    9. Granyov V. V., Kodyish E. N. Development and updating of normative documents concerning designing and construction of Industrial and civil buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 7, pp. 9-12. (In Russian).
  • Straightening of the Tilt of High-Rise Industrial and Civil Buildings
  • UDC 624.131.22:721.011.27
    Marc Yu. ABELEV1, e-mail: int207@mail.ru
    Dmitry Yu. CHUNYUK2, e-mail: chunyuk@mail.ru
    Elizaveta I. BROVKO1, e-mail: int-gasis@yandex.ru
    1 Center of innovative technologies in the construction of the Institute DPO GASIS National Research University "Higher School of Economics" (HSE), ul. Trifonovskaya, 57, str. 1, Moscow 129272, Russian Federation
    2 National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of the analysis of tilts of residential buildings of different heights, located on the water-saturated clay soils are presented. It is indicated that the existing methods for strength and stability calculation of bases and facilities are insufficient to provide the guaranteed stability of objects built, on clay soils especially. The results of field studies of actual tilts of multi-storey buildings are given. It is established that the tilt value and the rate of their occurrence is often significantly different from the predicted values estimated according to the current regulations. Shortcomings of the engineering survey, designing, and technologies of the construction works, which lead to deformations of buildings and structures are described in details. Features ensuring the natural state of foundation soils, both during construction and during operation of facilities are discussed in the article. Recovery technologies of deformed buildings constructed under different soil conditions are presented.
    Key words: tilt, high-rise buildings and structures, foundation, recovery technologies of deformed buildings.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i podzemnye sooruzheniya. Spravochnik geotekhnika [Grounds, foundations and underground structures. Manual geotechnics]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2016. 1024 p. (In Russian).
    2. Konovalov P. A., Konovalov V. P. Osnovaniya i fundamenty rekonstruiruemykh zdaniy [Foundations of renovated buildings]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2011. 384 p. (In Russian).
    3. Krutov V. I., Kovalev A. S., Kovalev V. A. Proektirovanie i ustroystvo osnovaniy i fundamentov na prosadochnykh gruntakh [Design and installation of the foundations on subsiding soils]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2013. 544 p. (In Russian).
    4. Mangushev R. A., Karlov V. D., Sakharov I. I. Mekhanika gruntov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009. 264 p. (In Russian).
    5. Ulitskiy V. M., Shashkin A. G., Shashkin K. G. Geotekhnicheskoe soprovozhdenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechnical support for urban development]. St. Petersburg, Stroyizdat Severo-Zapad, Georekonstruktsiya Publ., 2010. 551 p. (In Russian).
    6. Petrukhin V. P., Shulyat'ev O. A., Mozgacheva O. A. Novye sposoby geotekhnicheskogo proektirovaniya i stroitel'stva [New ways of geotechnical design and construction]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2015. 224 p. (In Russian).
    7. Petrukhin V. P., Shulyat'ev O. А. Geotechnical features of the design and construction of high-rise buildings in Moscow. Rossiyskaya arkhitekturno-stroitel'naya entsiklopediya. Stroitel'stvo vysotnykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Russian Architecture and Construction encyclopedia. Construction of high-rise buildings and buildings]. Vol. XIII. Moscow, VNIINTPI Publ., 2010. Pp. 360-378. (In Russian).
    8. Polishchuk A. I. Osnovy proektirovaniya i ustroystva fundamentov rekonstruiruemykh zdaniy [Design bases of foundations and reconstructed buildings]. Nortkhempton, STT; Tomsk, STT Publ., 2007. 476 p. (In Russian).
    9. Zotov V. D., Panasyuk L. H., Bolotov Yu. K., Zotov M. V., Sorochan E. A. Experience the alignment of buildings with the help of jacks. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov, 2002, no. 5, pp. 22-25. (In Russian).
  • Economics, management, marketing
  • Integration of Education, Science and Business as a Condition of Effective Scientific and Technological Development of Russia
  • UDC 69.003:658.011.8
    Mikhail P. BUROV, e-mail: m.burov-m.burov@yandex.ru,
    Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Leningradsky pros., 49, Moscow 125993, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of the analysis of current trends and problems of the efficient integration of education, science, and business in construction, their value-goal oriented foundations are considered. Special attention is paid to the quality of education of specialists and manpower in the conditions of market economy. The past experience in training of engineer-builders is presented. Main provisions in connection with the transition of Russia to the Bologna process for the preparation of bachelors and masters are outlined. At that, the education is regarded not only as a form of consumption, but as capital investments in human. It is noted that educational institutions must meet the priorities of scientific and technological development of the country, and the effective integration of education, science and business will undoubtedly lead to improving the innovative potential of the Russian economy. It is proposed to establish a Federal Center for scientific research in construction. It is concluded that the creation of flexible network structures on the basis of multilateral agreements which unite higher institutions, technical schools, colleges, scientific organizations, enterprises, innovative firms can be regarded as one of the necessary conditions for the successful operation of integration scientific-technological complexes in construction.
    Key words: integration, education, science, business, construction, qualifications, employment potential, competence, competitiveness, human capital, innovations.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Burov M. P. Jekonomicheskie preobrazovanija v strane v uslovijah globalizacii: nacional'nyj i regional'nye aspekty [Economic reforms in the country in conditions of globalization: national and regional aspects]. Moscow, Dashkov i Ko Publ., 2011. 502 p. (In Russian).
    2. Sukharev O. S., Shmarev S.V., Kuryanov A. M. Sinergetika investicij [Synergy of investments]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika: INFRA-M Publ., 2011. 212 p. (In Russian).
    3. Bekker G. S. Chelovecheskoe povedenie: jekonomicheskij podhod. Izbrannye trudy po jekonomicheskoj teorii [Human behavior: economic approach. Selected works on economic theory]. Moscow, GU VshJe Publ., 2003. 672 p. (In Russian).
    4. Thurow L. Investment in human capital. Belmont, 1970. 49 p.
    5. Obrazovanie i obshhestvo: gotova li Rossija investirovat' v svojo budushhee? [Education and society: is Russia ready to invest in your future?] Obshhestvennaja palata RF. Moscow, GU VshJe Publ., 2007. 265 p. (In Russian).
    6. Available at: http://www.aup.ru (accessed 19.01.2015). (In Russian).
    7. Available at: http://www.isras.ru (accessed 19.01.2015). (In Russian).
    8. Genisaretskij O. I., Nosov N. A., Judin B. G. The concept of human development: initial considerations. Chelovek, 1996, no. 4, pp. 5-21. (In Russian).
    9. Lukmanova I. G. Conceptual and methodological approach to the creation of an integrated system of quality assurance, environmental and safety in construction. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 4, pp. 29-33. (In Russian).
    10. Burov M. P. To the question about the quality of the labour force and education. Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel', 2010, no. 4(64), pp. 80-86. (In Russian).
    11. The transcript of the meeting of the Board on science education under the President of the Russian Federation of 21 January 2016]. Available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/51190 (accessed 22.01.2016). (In Russian).
    12. Dmitriev A. V., Mezhevich M. N. Gorod: problemy razvitija [The city: problems of development]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1982. 173 p. (In Russian).
    13. URL: http://www.bbc.com/russian/business/2015/09/150909 (accessed 19.01.2015).
    14. Burov M. P. Road construction: existing situation and Issues of innovative development. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 11, pp. 48-52. (In Russian).
  • Heat supply, ventilation, air conditioning
  • Main Reasons for Non-Compliance of Factual Level of Heat Protection of External Walls of Modern Buildings with Regulatory Requirements
  • UDC 699.86.022.3(083.75)
    Oleg I. LOBOV, e-mail: rois@bk.ru Russian Society of Civil Construction Engineers, ul. Kalanchevskaya, 13, Moscow 107078, Russian Federation
    Aleksey I. ANANIEV, e-mail: tus1995@mail.ru, Research Institute of Construction Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Lokomotivnyy proezd, 21, Moscow 127238, Russian Federation
    Andrey G. RYMAROV, e-mail: rymarov@list.ru, National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of increasing the standard reduced resistance to heat transfer of building external walls, that had to lead to energy saving but in fact it didn't happen, are analyzed. Foreign experience, which is unacceptable for prevailing social, economic, and climatic conditions in Russia, was adopted as a base for new norms. It is shown that the new requirements for the level of heat protection properties of external walls concerning energy saving conditions are unrealizable when using durable, strong fire-resistant materials due to the excessive increase in the wall thickness. Reliance on the use of polystyrene and mineral wool slabs when using heat conductivity coefficients defined in winter conditions has resulted in an increase in the thickness of heat insulation layer in the Central region of Russia up to 20-25 cm, in the northern regions - up to 36-57 cm that led to the significant reduce in the durability of walls. The invalidity of the use of the method for determining the heat conductivity of heat insulation and structural-heat insulation materials under laboratory conditions which makes it possible, during designing, to artificially improve heat-protecting properties of external walls to the regulatory values without reducing heat losses is noted. It is proposed to use a differential approach to regulating the level of thermal protection of external walls which takes into account the difference of thermal conditions in building with natural ventilation and in buildings equipped with air conditioners and mechanical ventilation with exhaust air utilization.
    Key words: reduced resistance to heat transfer, coefficient of thermal conductivity, ceramic brick, haydite concrete, cellular concrete, polystyrene plates, mineral wool plates.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Bogoslovskiy V. N. Stroitel'naya teplofizika [Building thermophysics]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola, Publ., 1982. 415 p. (In Russian).
    2. Anan'ev A. I., Lobov O. I. To the issue of normalization of the level of thermal protection of external walls of buildings. Gradostroitel'stvo, 2013, no. 5(27), pp. 66-68. (In Russian).
    3. Anan'ev A. I., Lobov O. I. Ceramic brick and its place in the construction of modern buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 10, pp. 62-65. (In Russian).
    4. Kryshov S. I., Kurilik I. S. The problem of expert evaluation of thermal protection of buildings. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2016, no. 7, pp. 3-5. (In Russian).
    5. Prokhorov V. I. Look energosberegenie. Aktual'nye problemy stroitel'noy teplofiziki: sb. dokladov VI nauch.-prakt. konf. 18-20 aprelya 2002 g. [Actual problems of thermal physics: a collection of reports of VI scientific-practical conference]. Moscow, 2002. Pp. 73-93. (In Russian).
    6. Ivanov G. S. About overcoming the impasse in urban development and construction complex of Russia due to the errors of normalization of the level of thermal protection of buildings. Okna i dveri, 2002, no. 4, pp. 51-52, no. 5, pp. 52-54. (In Russian).
    7. Ivanov G. S. Error of normalization of the level of thermal protection of enclosing structures. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 1996, no. 9, pp. 11-13. (In Russian).
    8. Gagarin V. G. The real price of energy saving. Stroitel'nyy ekspert, 2003, no. 8(147), p. 10. (In Russian).
    9. Lobov O. I., Anan'ev A. I., Abarykov V. P., Sinyutin A. E. Physical principles of design of facade systems of buildings. Nauch.-tekhn. konf. "Sovremennye fasadnye sistemy: effektivnost' i dolgovechnost'": sbornik dokladov [Scientific-technical conference "Modern facade systems: efficiency and durability": collection of reports]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2008. Pp. 66-80. (In Russian).
  • Specific Thermal Characteristic of a Building for a Variety of Heat Consuming Life-Support Systems
  • UDC 697.133
    Vitaliy I. PROKHOROV
    Aleksey P. LATUSHKIN, e-mail: alexeylat@mail.ru
    National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The classical term of "the specific thermal characteristic of a building", first introduced by Professor Chaplin V. M. for heating systems, are developed for other heat consuming systems in the building, such as ventilation, air conditioning and hot water supply. The values of relation as the external volume of the building and thermal potentials in the annual cycle of work are substantiated. For heating systems including heat load on natural ventilation, it is proposed to consider the difference between inside and outside air as a temperature potential. For systems of mechanical ventilation, and air conditioning in the winter - the temperature difference between the supply and ambient air. For the second heating with air-conditioning in the summer, the temperature difference between chilled air and supply air is considered as substantiated. For hot water supply systems it is necessary to take into account the different temperature of cold water in winter and summer.
    Key words: specific thermal characteristics of building, heat consuming systems, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, hot water supply, winter conditions, summer conditions.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Chaplin V. M. Otoplenie i ventilyatsiya [Heat and ventilation]. Part 1. Otoplenie. Moscow, Gosizdat Publ., 1923. (In Russian).
    2. Maksimov G. A. Priblizhennyy sposob podscheta tepla fabrichno-zavodskimi zdaniyami [An approximate calculation method of heat the factory buildings]. Moscow, Gipromez Publ., 1928. Iss. 1. 50 p. (In Russian).
    3. Blдsi W. Bauphysik. Nourney, Vollmer GmbH & Co, Verlag Europa Lehrmittel, 2001. 495 p.
    4. Prokhorov V. I. Fuel savings and energy consumption in engineering systems of buildings. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 1, pp. 2-5. (In Russian).
    5. Prokhorov V. I. The boundaries of the consideration in problems of thermal insulation and heat supply of buildings. Internet-vestnik Volg GASU. Ser. Politematicheskaya, 2014, no. 2(33). Available at: http://vestnik.vgasu.ru/attachments/17Prokhorov-2014_2(33).pdf (accessed 20.09.2016).
    6. Grigor'ev Yu. P. The problems of reconstruction and rehabilitation of residential and industrial buildings. Stroitel'nyy ekspert, 2003, no. 1, pp. 3. (In Russian).
    7. Gagarin V. G., Kozlov V. V. Thermal insulation and energy efficiency in the draft version of the updated SNiP Thermal performance of the buildings. Inzhenernye sistemy. AVOK - Severo-Zapad, 2012, no. 1, pp. 10-16. (In Russian).
  • Building materials and products
  • Forecasting of Strength of Soil-Concrete with a Hydraulic Binder
  • UDC 691.41:666.972
    Alexander P. SVINTSOV, e-mail: svintsovap@rambler.ru
    Makhmud I. KHARUN, e-mail: miharun@mail.ru
    Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, ul. Miklukho Maklaya, 6, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
    Abstract. Results of the study of soil-concrete, a relatively inexpensive building material, which is used for strengthening foundation bases, highways and railways as well as for manufacturing the artificial stone and pavement tiles are considered. Portland cement is usually used as a binder for soil-concrete; clay, loam, and sandy loam are used as fillers. With the help of mineral additives, it is possible to regulate its physical-mechanical characteristics, the most important of which is the strength under axial compression. The research has established that varying the content of Portland cement and mineral additives, it is possible to obtain a material with pre-predictable strength. Stabilization of collapsible and loess soils by adding the Portland cement makes it possible to use them as bases under foundations and road beds. As part of the study it has been experimentally established that the strength of soil-concrete under axial compression is formed under the influence of the soil-cement ratio and temperature-humid conditions of hardening. It is also revealed that the density and strength of soil-concrete can be significantly improved by adding the flour limestone and mineral plasticizer.
    Key words: soil-concrete, strength, additives, building material, soil.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Okyay U. S., Dias D. Use of lime and cement treated soils with rigid inclusions [Использование извести и цемента для обработки грунта с содержанием твердых частиц]. Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on new developments in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 2012. Pp. 419-424.
    2. Kharun M. Durability of soil-cement base under the airfield pavements [Прочность грунтоцементного основания под аэродромным покрытием]. Assembling and Special Works in Construction, 2013, vol. 12, pp. 22-24.
    3. Okyay U.S., Dias D. Use of lime and cement treated soils as pile supported load transfer platform [Использование извести и цемента для обработки грунта в качестве поддерживающей площадки свайного фундамента для передачи нагрузки]. Engineering Geology, 2010, vol. 114, iss. 1-2, pp. 34-44.
    4. Guanbao Ye, Qingwen Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Hongtao Chang. Centrifugal modeling of a composite foundation combined with soil-cement columns and prefabricated vertical drains [Центробежное моделирование составного фундамента в сочетании с грунтоцементными колоннами и сборными вертикальными дренами]. Soils and Foundations, 2015, vol. 55, iss. 5, pp. 1259-1269.
    5. Kharun M., Manaeva M. M. Soil-concrete in civil buildings [Грунтобетон в гражданских зданиях]. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete, 2009, vol. 3, pp. 23-25.
    6. Ramazanov A. A., Badaeva A. D., Lanin E. B., Alnashash T. A. Soil-concrete in the foundation laying. Stroitel'stvo unikal'nyh zdanij i sooruzhenij, 2015, no. 3(30), pp. 111-128. (In Russian).
    7. Zegarra-Tarqui Jorge Luis, Santos-de Brito Jeferson, De Fatima-Carvalho Miriam. Escurrimiento en pavimentos de bloques de suelo-cemento: un abordaje experimental [Влияние водостоков на бордюр из почвенно-цементных блоков: экспериментальное исследование]. Ingenieria, Investigacion y Tecnologia, 2015, vol. 16, iss. 1, pp. 35-47.
    8. Zak P., et al. The influence of natural reinforcement fibers, gypsum and cement on compressive strength of earth bricks materials [Влияние природных армирующих волокон, гипса и цемента на прочность глиняного кирпича]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, vol. 106, pp. 179-188.
    9. Lara P. Rodrigues, Jose Nilson F. Holanda. Recycling of Water Treatment Plant Waste for Production of Soil-Cement Bricks [Переработка отходов очистных сооружений воды для производства грунтоцементного кирпича]. International Congress of Science and Technology of Metallurgy and Materials. Procedia Materials Science, 2015, vol. 8, pp. 197-202.
    10. Sayed Hessam Bahmani, Bujang B.K. Huat, Afshin Asadi, Nima Farzadnia. Stabilization of residual soil using SiO2 nanoparticles and cement [Стабилизация грунта с использованием наночастиц SiO2 и цемента]. Construction and Building Materials, 2014, vol. 64, pp. 350-359.
    11. Romanenko I. I., Romanenko M. I., Petrovnina I. N., Pint Je. M. Effect of water-soluble polymer stabilizer of soil on the physical and mechanical properties of sandy soil. Naukovedenie, 2014, no. 5(24), pp. 157. (In Russian).
    12. Karacupa S. V., et al. Road soil-concrete with the using of ion fixing soil. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tehnologii XXI veka, 2012, no. 3(158), pp. 22-23. (In Russian).
    13. Vdovin E. A., Mavliev L. F.Research in durability of modified soil cement of road purpose. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo, 2014, no. 11, pp. 76-79. (In Russian).
    14. Pichugin A. P., et al. Possibilities of quality assurance of rural roads by introducing of soil-concrete with micro-reinforcing organo-mineral additives. Innovacii i prodovol'stvennaja bezopasnost', 2014, no. 4(6), pp. 7-16. (In Russian).
    15. Strokova V. V., Dmitrieva T. V. Microstructural features of soil-concrete in the presence of a stabilizer. Vestnik VolGASU, 2013, no. 31-2(50), pp. 174-178. (In Russian).
  • Experimental Investigation of Glass-Plastic Reinforcement-to-Concrete Bond
  • UDC 691.87:691.175-419.8:678.067.5
    Andrey V. DRONOV, e-mail: anddre13@rambler.ru
    Sergey V. DROKIN, e-mail: drokin_sergey@mail.ru
    Nikolay V. FROLOV, e-mail: frolov_pgs@mail.ru
    Belgorod State Technological University named after V. G. Shukhov, 46, ul. Kostuykova, Belgorod 308012, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The main condition for joint operation of glass-plastic reinforcement and concrete in reinforced concrete structures is their reliable bond. By testing according to the method of pulling of glass-plastic reinforcement out of concrete cubes, the values of characteristics of adhesion between the glass-plastic reinforcement (with sand coating and ordinary periodic winding) and concrete of B20 and B30 compression strength have been determined. At the same time, analogous characteristics of the metal reinforcement A400 class were found. It is revealed that pulling the glass-plastic reinforcement bars causes the destruction of contact zone concrete with partial or full exfoliation of the anchor layer of reinforcement. This fact shows that for these bars, the bond of the anchor layer to concrete is stronger, than its bond with the longitudinal fibers strand. This means that there is necessity of more detailed study of the joint operation of the anchor layer and the rest body of rebar as well as to change the technology of glass-plastic reinforcement production. On the basis of results of the experimental study, the comparative analysis of characteristics of adhesion of different types of reinforcement with concrete has been made.
    Key words: glass-plastic reinforcement, reinforcement rods, anchor layer, limit strength of bond, slipping.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Stepanova V. F., Stepanov A. Yu., Zhirkov E. P. Armatura kompozitnaya polimernaya [Composite polymeric reinforcement]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2013. 200 p. (In Russian).
    2. Malbiev S. A., Gorshkov V. K., Razgovorov P. B. Polimery v stroitelstve [Polymers in construction]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 2008. 456 p. (In Russian).
    3. Nikulin A. I., Frolov N. V., Nikulina Yu. A. Crack resistance of bending reinforced concrete structures with use of different combinations of steel and glass-plastic reinforcement in tensioned area. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2015, no. 3, pp. 18-23. (In Russian).
    4. Khozin V. G., Piskunov A. A., Gizdatullin A. R., Kuklin A. N. Adhesion fiber-reinforced polymer bars with cement concrete. Izvestiya KGASU, 2013, no. 1 (23), pp. 214-220. (In Russian).
    5. Kustikova Yu. O. Issledovanie svoystv bazaltoplastikovoy armatury i ee scepleniya s betonom. Stroitelstvo: nauka i obrazovanie, 2014, no. 1. Available at: http://www.nso-joumal.ru (accessed 07.03.2016). (In Russian).
    6. Benin A. V., Semenov S. G. Experimental study of bond behavior between FRP rebars with flat winding and concrete. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo, 2013, no. 9, pp. 74-76. (In Russian).
    7. Frolov N. V., Obernihin D. V., Nikulin A. I., Lapshin R. Yu. The investigation of characteristics of composite reinforcement bars made of glass and basalt fibres. Vestnik BGTU, 2015, no. 3, pp. 18-21. (In Russian).
  • The Study of Efficiency of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers for Concrete Production
  • UDC 691.322:678.049
    Sergey Yu. PETRUNIN1, e-mail: petrunin@macromer.ru
    Natalia P. KOROTKOVA1, e-mail: korotkova@macromer.ru
    Vladimir N. TARASOV1, e-mail: tarasov@macromer.ru
    Alexandr P. GARNOVESOV1,2, e-mail: gornovesov@macromer.ru
    Boris V. GUSEV3, e-mail: info-rae@mail.ru
    Dordgy G. KUPRIANOV3, e-mail: kup1414@gmail.com
    Tatiana V. PADALKINA3, e-mail: anakondochka717@icloud.com
    Boris A. KUHTIN2, e-mail: boris_koukhtin@mail.ru
    1 Lebedev Scientific-manufacturing company "MACROMER", LTD, B. Nizhegorodskaya ul., 77/1, Vladimir 600016, Russian Federation
    2 Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Gorky ul., 87, Vladimir 600000, Russian Federation
    3 Moscow State University of Railway Engineering, Obrazcova ul., 9, str. 9, Moscow 127994, Russian Federation
    Abstract. The paper presents the results of the complex study of efficiency of polycarboxylate superplasticizers with due regard for features of their molecular structure in comparison with a strongly plasticizing additive on the basis of technical lignosulfonates (LST). These comparative tests show the improvement in mobility and strength when polycarboxylate additives are used at a concentration of 2.4 times smaller compared with LST. This makes it possible to reduce the consumption of cement binder without changing mechanical characteristics of the material. Such substantial decrease in concentration leads to the additional reduction in costs for the transportation and storage of additives. It is shown that increasing the length of the side chains and the density of polycarboxylates charge improves the initial flowability and persistence of concrete mixes. Thus, a generalized evaluation of the use of polycarboxylate superplasticizers demonstrates their effectiveness in relation to LST.
    Key words: concrete, polycarboxylate superplastisizers, lignosulphonates, flowability, strength, anionic charge density, steric effect.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Gusev B. V., In Ien-lyan S., Kuznetsova T. V. Tsementy i betony - tendentsii razvitiya [Cement and concrete - development trends]. Moscow, Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2012. 136 p. (In Russian).
    2. Gusev B. V. Perspektivnye tekhnologii pri proizvodstve sbornogo zhelezobetona [Advanced technologies in the production of precast concrete]. Izhevsk, 2015. 205 p. (In Russian).
    3. Tarasov V. N., Lebedev V. S. Domestic polycarboxylate superplasticizers produced by LTD "Macromer" for concrete, plaster and construction mixtures. Beton i zhelezobeton, 2015, no. 1, pp. 58-60. (In Russian).
    4. Liu J., Ran Q., Miao C., Qiao M. Effects of grafting densities of comb-like copolymer on the dispersion properties of concentrated cement suspensions. Materials Transactions, 2012, vol. 53, pp. 553-558.
    5. Gusev B. V., Petrunin S. Yu. Cavitation dispersion of carbon nanotubes and modifying cement systems. Nanotekhnologii v stroitel'stve, 2014, no. 6, pp. 50-57. (In Russian).
    6. Dolgorev V. A., Dolgarev A. V., Tarasov V. N., Lebedev V. S. New domestic polycarboxylates for monolithic concrete on the basis of gypsum binder. Tekhnologii betonov, 2015, no. 9-10, pp. 13-15. (In Russian).
    7. Vovk A. I. Additives on the basis of domestic polycarboxylates. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka, 2012, no. 9, pp. 31-33. (In Russian).
    8. Witt J. A novel type of PCE possessing silyl functionalities. 10th CANMET/ACI conference on superplasticizers and other chemical admixtures in concrete (proceedings). Prague, 2012, pp. 57-70.
    9. Patent RF 2469975. Polikarboksilatnaya plastifitsiruyushchaya dobavka dlya betona, stroitel'nykh rastvorov i sukhikh stroitel'nykh smesey i sposob ee polucheniya (varianty) [Polycarboxylate plasticizer for concrete, mortar and dry mixes and method of its production (options)]. Tarasov V. N., Lebedev V. S. 2012. Byul. № 35.
    10. Plank J., Sachsenhauser B. Impact of molecular structure on zeta potential and absorbed conformation of a-allyl-w-methoxypolyethylene glycol - maleic anhydride superplasticizers. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 2007, vol. 47, pp. 233-239.
  • Waterproofing of Enclosing Structures in Winter
  • UDC 691:699.82:693"324"
    Evgeniy P. POMAZKIN, e-mail: pressa@penetron.ru
    Ural Federal University, ul. Mira, 19, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federaton
    Abstract. The article is devoted to waterproofing of building structures in cold seasons. It is noted that the execution of waterproofing works by traditional methods in the winter period is not possible and involves additional labor- intensive measures. The use of additives, which reduce the permeability, makes it possible to improve the grade of concrete for water resistance to values W16-W20 and refuse from additional waterproofing of the surface. It is recommended to use special expanding harnesses for waterproofing of joints. The removal of temperature limitations in the course of waterproofing works makes it possible to significantly reduce the construction time and improve the reliability of building structures.
    Key words: waterproofing, water resistance, winter period, supplement reducing permeability, expanding harness.
  • REFERENCES
    1. Shepelev V. V., Shats M. M. Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation under the terms inclusive of the geocryological environment. Nauka i obrazovanie, 2005, no. 4(40), pp. 72-79. (In Russian).
    2. Zabolotnikov S. I. The severity of climatic conditions on the territory of Russia. Geografiya i prirodnye resursy, 2010, no. 3, pp. 69-74. (In Russian).
    3. GSN 81-05-02-2007. Sbornik smetnykh norm dopolnitel'nykh zatrat pri proizvodstve stroitel'no-montazhnykh rabot v zimnee vremya [The collection of estimated norms of additional expenses in the production of construction works in winter time]. Moscow, 2007. (In Russian).
    4. Nikishkin V. A. The microstructure of the cement stone and its effect on water resistance and strength of concrete. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 2012, no. 11, pp. 14-17. (In Russian).
    5. Tekhnologicheskiy reglament na proektirovanie i vypolnenie rabot po gidroizolyatsii i antikorrozionnoy zashchite monolitnykh i sbornykh betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Technological regulations for design and execution of works on waterproofing and corrosion protection of monolithic and precast concrete and reinforced concrete structures]. Moscow, SRO "RSPPPG", 2008. 64 p. (In Russian).
    6. Tekhnicheskie kharakteristiki gidroizolyatsionnogo zhguta "Penebar". Available at: http://penetron.ru/penebar. (accessed 27.09.2016). (In Russian).
    7. Kostromin A. V., Isakov V. P. Eksperimental'noe issledovanie izmereniya vodonepronitsaemosti betona v techenii 43 mes, a takzhe effekta "samozalechivaniya" treshchin v zhelezobetonnoy plite pokrytiya podzemnogo parkinga v rayone "Akademicheskiy" v g. Ekaterinburge [Experimental study of measurement of water resistance of concrete for 43 months, as well as the effect of "self-healing" cracks in a concrete slab of underground Parking in the district "Akademicheskiy" in Ekaterinburg], 2016. (In Russian).