Contents of issue № 3 (march) 2011

90 Years Serving Building Branch
Nikolay I. Senin, Boris F. Shirshikov
On the Issue of Accounting Initial Imperfections when Calculating Steel Bar Systems Usinng the Distorted Scheme
UDC 624.075.22
Yuri I. KUDISHIN
Results of the numerical computation of the most typical constructive forms are given. The simple engineering method of accounting of the initial imperfections with the help of a special coefficient of operational conditions is offered. Attention is paid to the connection of initial imperfections of bars with designation of an accuracy class when producing the metal constructions.
Keywords: bar systems, initial imperfections, steadiness, accuracy class.
On the Issue of Tension-Stress Analysis of Screw Joints of Light Gauge Steel Framing
UDC 624.014:621.882.1
Ivan G. KATRANOV, Yury S. KUNIN
Results of the tension tests of screw joints are presented. The character of rupture of a joint at different types of failure is described. A comparison of results of tests and calculations by Eurocode methods is made; recommendations on supplementing the existing calculation regulations are proposed.
Keywords: light gauge steel framing, self-drilling and self-tapping screws, tests, joint, calculation, Eurocode.
Analysis of Damageability of Metal Linearly Elongated Plate Structures during Exploitation
UDC 669.018:69.059.22
Konstantin I. ERYOMIN, Galina A. PAVLOVA, Alexandr N. SHUVALOV
Data on damageability of plate linearly elongated metal structures of metallurgical enterprises, an analysis of causes of accidents taken place and accumulated defectiveness of structures operated are presented. Structural peculiarities of pipelines transporting the combustible technological gases, conditions of operation and factors influencing on the damageability of plate structures are considered.
Keywords: plate structures, envelope, pipeline, damageability, defect, metallurgy.
The Use of Tube-Reinforced Concrete in Housing Construction
UDC 624.016:693.98
Aleksandr A. AFANASIEV, Aleksandr V. KUROCHKIN
Experimental studies of assessment of bearing capacity of tube-reinforced concrete structures with a core made of modified and high-strength concretes are presented. Structural-technological decisions and butt joints ensuring the joint operation of a shell and a concrete core and influencing on improvement of bearing capacity of vertical structures are considered.
Keywords: tube-reinforced concrete, tube-reinforced concrete element, metal pipe, reinforcement, anchor system, adhesion, water-cement ratio, diminishing socket, backing-up flange, strength.
Analysis of Risk of Bearing Structures of Steel Frames' Coverings of Single-Storey Industrial Buildings
UDC 624.91:624.014.2:725.4
Konstantin I. ERYOMIN, Sergey A. MATVEYUSHKIN
The investigation of reliability and risk of bearing structures of steel frames' coverings of single-storey industrial buildings has been carried out. An analysis of reliability and risk has been made on the basis of methods of the reliability theory (the method of structural scheme) with due regard for constructive features of steel frames of single-storey industrial buildings. Ways of minimization of risk of accident collapse of coverings' structures have been determined.
Keywords: reliability, risk, loss, ties, roof trusses.
Experimental Study of Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams to the Shear Force
UDC 624.072.2.012.35
Vitaly I. ZHARNITSKY, Anatoly A. BELIKOV, Sofya O. KURNAVINA
A series of static and dynamic tests of reinforced concrete beams has been carried out in order to check a new method of design of reinforced concrete girder structures along the inclined sections. The mechanism of concrete destruction over the inclined crack is considered; a comparison of experimental data with theoretical dependencies is made.
Keywords: reinforced concrete, inclined cracks, destruction mechanism, strength, experiment.
Probabilistic Design of a Large Span Structure for Operational Loads
UDC 624.046.5
Vladimir L. MONDRUS, Oleg V. MKRTYCHEV, Artur E. MKRTYCHEV
For design of a large span structure the authors use the probabilistic methods. A probabilistic approach as opposed to the deterministic one adopts certain initial values as random quantities. Approaches formulated in the article and based on probabilistic principles open new possibilities for investigations of buildings and structures, the Ice Palace for figure skating in Sochi in particular.
Keywords: large span structures, probabilistic methods of design, method of statistical tests, assessment of structure reliability, operational loads.
Method of Search for Reserve of Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Slabs of Floors
UDC 624.012.45:624.073
Ashot G. TAMRAZYAN, Ekaterina A. FILIMONOVA
Peculiarities of the operation of floor reinforced concrete edge-supported slabs with minimal reinforcement are considered. Studies aimed at more precise definition of real operation of floor slabs, improvement of calculation methods, search for reserve of their bearing capacity have been conducted. The method of search for a minimum of a criterion function making it possible to reveal the considerable reserve of bearing capacity of slabs considered and reduce the consumption of working reinforcement has been used.
Key words: reinforced concrete floor slabs, minimal reinforcement, deformation, calculation of strength using the method of limit equilibrium.
Assessment of Long-Term Strength of Connections of Wooden Elements on Inclined Metal Rods without Glue
UDC 624.011.1:624.078
Vladimir I. LINKOV
The assessment of the bearing capacity of connection of wooden elements on inclined metal rods without the use of glue by the criterion of deformability has been made. Coefficients of working conditions of connections Ks, reflecting a reduction in bearing capacity of a wooden element of composite section when the connection reaches the maximum allowable deformation have been obtained.
Keywords: long-term strength, connection, inclined metal rods, deformation.
Methods of Actualization of a Design Scheme of a Structure Subjected to the Monitoring Procedure
UDC 69.059.1:528.482
Andrey V. KORGIN, Mariya A. ZAHARCHENKO, Valentin A. ERMAKOV
The article describes methods of maintaining of the adequacy of the FEM - model of a structure to the real technical state of an object in the course of monitoring. Actualization of computation models is achieved by introducing additions and changes recorded by instrumental measurements into the calculation scheme. Acceleration of the actualization process is ensured by programmable FEM - complexes based on the use of parametric models of the zones containing identified defects and heterogeneities. The possibility is appeared to execute the routine repairs before the moment when a possibility of failure of constructions exceeds their reliability factor.
Keywords: monitoring, technical condition, FEM-model, actualization, damages, deformations, geodetic measurements, modeling of cracks.
Features of Сreation of Intellectual Systems of Automatic Monitoring of a Technical State of Important Building Structures
UDC 004:69.05:69.059.1
Andrey V. KORGIN, Mikhail V. EMELIANOV
The article considers the issues of creation of intellectual systems of automatic monitoring of the technical state of building structures with elements of the expert system of making decision about the object's state. The general principles of arrangement of similar systems are presented. Finite-element calculating complexes making it possible to forecast the technical state of an object under construction and structures located in the zone of construction by means of numerical modeling have to be used in the capacity of permanently operating elements of monitoring systems.
Keywords: automatic system of monitoring, assessment of technical state of buildings and structures.
Ways of Innovation Developmentof Construction Technology is the Basis of Modernization of EducationalPrograms of the Moscow State Civil Engineering University (MGSU)'s Construction Technology Department
UDC 693:624:69.057:658.011.8
Elena A. KOROL
Main ways of scientific research and developments of the MGSU's Construction Technology Department are considered. The most important themes of research and developments of the department in the field of enhancement of perspective construction technologies are specified.
Keywords: construction technology, monolithic construction, reconstruction, energy efficiency.
Principles of Advanced Engineering Preparation of Construction Sites
UDC 624.05
Pavel P. OLEYNIK, Viktor I. BRODSKY
Basic solutions for organization of engineering preparation of a building site with due regard for functional signs of execution of works and group systematization of homogeneous areas are offered. Dependencies of allocating the amount of preparation works are established; the change of the structure and amount of work during the preparation period as a function of building density are shown.
Keywords: organization of work, preparation period, engineering preparation, basic period, construction site, systemization, density, amount, utilities, areas, facilities.
Information Technology of Formation of the Order for Building Reorganization in an Interactive Mode
UDC 69.059.35
Olga N. KUZINA, Vitaly O. CHULKOV
The article presents the technology of specified requirements preparation for design and execution of works associated with building reorganization depending on a combination of three factors: functional, constructive, and organization-technological. The three-level model of definition of a building reorganization type and an operation algorithm are described.
Keywords: technology, technical requirements, customer, combination of factors, three-level model.
Solving of Problems of Organizational-Technological Simulation of Building Processes
UDC 69.05.001.572
Elena A. KOROL, Sergey V. KOMISSAROV,
Pavel B. KAGAN, Sergey G. ARUTYUNOV
Organizational-technological simulation of building processes are not realized within the limits of the project management. First of all it deals with relations of works and resources and development of time standardization.
Keywords: building work and processes, organizational-technological simulation of building work, interaction of works, combined and simultaneous execution of works, standardization of building works, time norm.
Organization of a System of Technical Regulation in the Aspects of Ecological Safety of Construction
UDC 69.003:658.011.8:614.7
Mikhail Yu. SLESAREV, Dmitry I. RUBASHEVSKY
In the aspects of ecological safety of construction the authors try to form a system of technical regulation by analogy with several widespread types of systems of high readiness known today in the world. Among them the cluster system is an implementation of technologies ensuring a high level of fault tolerance at the lowest cost.
The fault tolerance of the cluster of the system of technical regulation is ensured by duplication of all vital components. The most failure-safe system shouldn't have any uniform point, that is an active element, which failure may lead to the loss of system's functionality. An attempt of information modeling of the system of technical regulation is carried out.
Keywords: fault tolerance, building, ecological safety, technical regulation, technological activity, information model, cluster, structure.
Ecological Regeneration of the Historical Environment Development
UDC 721.011.12
Ilia V. DUNICHKIN, Anastasia V. VOLODINA
The use of technologies typical of "green" architecture in the urban historical environment has very serious restrictions. That's why an absolutely new strategy of regeneration of historical environment under the modern industrial conditions with due regard for main factors influencing on such development in a modern city is needed.
Key words: city, historical environment, restoration, regeneration, "green" architecture, functional relations.
Application of Cross-Beams in the Reconstruction of Overlaps
UDC 624.014.046
Nikolay N. DEMIDOV, Irina N. MELIKOVA, Olga N. RAKITOVA
The article analyzes the behavior of cross beams on rectangular plans with a different side ratio in plan under the conditions of reduced structural height of ceilings. In the course of calculation the slope deflection method is used. Formulae in matrix form are proposed for different cases of a side ratio in plan. On the basis of the optimization task solution it is concluded that under the conditions of reduced structural height the second limit state is determinative for the cases of cross beams considered. The approximate formulae for transition from rolled I-beams to the through sections are obtained.
Keywords: reconstruction of ceilings, steel cross beams, slope deflection method.
Stress-strain Distribution in the Welded Muffs for Repair of Gasmains
UDC 624.078
Sergey M. CHASHIN, Vladimir P. VERSHININ, Aleksandr I. DANILOV
The comparison of features of the stress-strain state of four different variants of pipelines strengthening in the course of their repair is made. Authors draw a conclusion about reasonability of the use of the most rational variant - couplings of large diameter with safety rings.
Keywords: stress-strain state, gas pipeline, welded coupling.
The Master Plan of Leningrad of 1935 as a Stage of the City Development
UDC 711.112:711.4-167(470.23-25)"1935"
Andrey G. VAYTENS
The article is devoted to the process of working out and confirming of a draft Master Plan of Leningrad of 1935. The political and town planning principles of this document approved on the state and city levels are analyzed. The ways of development of Leningrad and its planning structure in the prewar years defined by this Master Plan are shown.
Key words: мaster plan, ways of city development, regulations of development, height regulations, planning structure.
Research in Parametrical Fluctuations and Dynamic Stability of Curvilinear Parts of Pipelines at Underwater Laying
UDC 656.56(204.1):699.84
Vladimir G. SOKOLOV
The article deals with parametrical fluctuations of curvilinear parts of offshore pipelines under the influence of the external non-stationary pressure. The system of divided equations of Mathieu is obtained; its solving makes it possible to make the borders of oil pipeline dynamic instability areas.
Keywords: parametrical fluctuations, deep-water pipeline, toroidal cover, dynamic instability.