Contents of issue № 12 (december) 2010

On the Primary Tasks of Modernization and Technological Development of Industrial House Building
UDC 69.002.2:728.1.011.18
Yury P. GRIGORIEV
Today, the industrial prefabricated house building is the basic tool for implementation of the national project "affordable and Comfortable Housing to the Citizens of Russia" from the point of view of both the economy and schedule times. But to improve the comfort of dwelling it is necessary to develop new projects, modernize the existing series of dwellings for the purpose of improving their safety and power saving. It is told about the works of MNIITEP in the field of modernization and technological development of industrial house building.
Key words: mass housing construction, industrial house building, modernization of large panel housing construction in Moscow, power saving.
Measures for Production of Modernized Series of Dwelling Houses from the Point of View of an Engineer
UDC 69.002.02
Evgeny E. NIKITIN
MNIITEP has prepared the List of measures aimed at improvement of engineering decisions concerning the power supply to dwelling houses of industrial production. This modernization of the series will demand to use new technological methods, new materials and new plants at factories for manufacturing the elements of structures. Accordingly, the Integrated House-Building Factories must do some organizational work with sufficient financing.
Key words: industrial house building, modernization of mass series of dwelling houses, power saving.
New Dwelling Houses Manufactured by the DSK N 3
UDC 728.2:69.002.2
Sergey P. PAKHOMOV, Valentina N. ROZANOVA
It is told about the development of new large panel dwelling block-sections of a P3MK series for the Moscow Integrated House-Building Factory № 3. In new block-sections staircase and elevator sections have been redesigned completely, nomenclature of flats on the floor has been extended, consumer qualities of flats have been improved, heat engineering characteristics have been stepped up et al.
Key words: industrial house building, mass development, large panel dwelling block-sections of a P3MK series, heat engineering characteristics, improvement of comfort level.
Temple Complexes of Orthodox Church in Moscow
UDC 726.54(47-25)
Aleksandr V. NADYSEV
Designs of the temple complexes for Moscow developed by MNIITEP on the basis of industrial prefabricated structures with the subsequent architectural-decorative finish for 300 and 500 parishioners are considered. Besides a temple, the complex includes a belfry, the clergy of a parish house, a utility block. The design of the temple implements architectural traditions of the Russian Orthodox Church in combination with up-to-date technical schemes. Variants of architectural decisions are executed in the style of the Vladimir-Suzdal school.
Key words: orthodox church, temple complex, structural decisions, industrial elements, Vladimir-Suzdal architectural school.
A Residential Neighbourhood in Minsk
UDC 728.2.011.27(476-25)
Yury P. GRIGORIEV, German N. KALASHNIKOV, Irina B. KALASHNIKOVA
Within the bounds of cooperation between Moscow and Minsk the experimental residential neighbourhood is constructed in the Dzerzhinsky Avenue of the Byelorussian capital, its project has been developed by institutes MNIITEP, "Minskproekt" and "Gomelproekt". Basic ways of the town planning development of the projected territory, composition of the complex and main structures are presented.
Key words: Moscow - Minsk, cooperation, designing, construction, residential neighbourhood.
New School in the Kutuzovsky Avenue
UDC 727.1(47-25)
Kirill V. KAPTEREV, Nataliya Yu. KHARKINA
The design of school developed by the MNIITEP's workshop № 7 has multilayer walls consisting of monolith, incombustible heat insulation material, levelling and finishing layers. The combination of various volumes creates the complex spatial composition forming the courtyard recreation space. Features of the lay-out are defined by the extreme tightness of the site in the well-established development and traditions of the educational institution which have 80-year-old history and being under the aegis of UNESCO.
Key words: comprehensive school, designing, architecture of school building, planning decisions.
Garages and Parking Lots - a Complex Problem
UDC 725.381.3
Veronika S. LANDIKHOVSKAYA
Problems of the construction of garages and parking lots should be solved in the complex with problems of traffic interchange and intercepting parking lots taking into account the Master plan of development of road sector of the capital. The efficiency of garages-parking lots is a main issue in the course of their designing. It is told about some developments of MNIITEP in this field and about the causes impeding the successful solution of this problem.
Key words: garages, parking lots, two-level car park, car-washing facility, designing, standards.
Influence of Structural Features of Heat Insulation Materials Made of Gas-Filled Plastics on Their Mechanical Properties
UDC 691.175.5:691.536.21
Vladimir V. GURIEV
Results of the study of the structure of heat insulation materials made of foam plastics are presented. The mechanism of the formation of their cellular structures is specified. The influence of cellular structure on strength and elasticity of polymeric heat insulation materials is shown. The correlation equations establishing the dependence of strength and elastic characteristics on the apparent density of some types of gas-filled plastics are obtained on the basis of statistical processing of experimental data.
Key words: heat insulation materials, gas-filled plastics, gas-structural element, macrocellular structure, foam polymers, strength at compression, tension and shear.
Ensuring of Energy Efficiency in the Course of Capital Repairs of 9-Storey Buildings of the Second Stage of Industrial House Building
UDC 69.059.3:699.86
Yuly Ts. GOKHBERG, Mikhail V. SVETLAKOV, Elena V. KHAIMOVA-MALKOVA
It is told about the features of design decisions on capital repair of residential buildings of II-49, II-18, 1-515, 1605АМ, И-209А typical series in Moscow. The resistance to heat transfer has increased by 3.5 times after additional heat insulation of enclosing structures. For determination of the factual heat protection effect of enclosing structures the field examination of the residential building of II-18 series under reconstruction has been made before and after heat insulation.
Key words: industrial house building, capital repair, structural decisions of typical series, ensuring of energy efficiency
Taking into Account of Volumes and Areas of Residential Buildings in Specific Operational Indices of Energy Resources Consumption
UDC 699.86(083.75)
Veniamin Ya. KOTIN The critical analysis of the use of the «heated area of a flat's floor» index in rationing the specific consumption of heat energy for heating of residential buildings during the heating season in SNiP 23-02-2003 «Heat Protection of Buildings» is presented. The use of this index in the aggregate with the stated in this document rules of calculation under-estimating the consumption of heat energy during the heating season in the building cause the factual exceeding of heat consumption comparing with the rated one.
Key words: heat protection of buildings, heat energy consumption for heating, heating period, standards.
About the Safety Factor of Bearing Structures of Residential Buildings of the First Period of Industrial House Building
UDC 69.059.3:624.042
Mikhail S. DUZINKEVICH, Dmitry A. LYSOV, Evgeny P. KHAYNER
Results of the evaluation of parameters of residual strength resource for reconstruction and sanation of buildings of mass development at the first period of industrial house building are presented. Data on the average bearing capacity of main bearing structures and other elements of building of 1-510, 1-511 и 1-515 series are obtained. An example of calculation of a horizontal joint of a large panel 5-storey house of 1-515 series is given.
Key words: mass development of the first period of industrial house building, reconstruction and sanation of building, residual resource of strength, bearing capacity of a structure.
Renewal of Normative Basis for Execution of Electrotechnical Sections of Designs of Residential Buildings
UDC 621.3:728.2
Aleksandr V. KUZILIN
Introduction of energy efficient technologies in the sphere of construction and housing-communal economy demands the improvement of the normative basis for designing of electrotechnical networks of residential buildings. The acting and new documents about the design of residential and public buildings contain contradictions concerning the electric equipment of buildings.
Key words: electrotechnical sections of designs of residential buildings, normative documents, lamps with light-emitting diodes, placement of electric switchboard rooms in buildings, norms of illumination.
Complex Methods of Designing of Illumination and Recommendations on Efficient Usage of Power in Lighting Installations of Buildings
UDC 621.3(083.74):728:725
Aleksandr N. DOBROVOLSKY
MNIITEP has developed the Complex methods of designing of illumination which stipulates the revelation of the best characteristics of lighting environment and optimization of the optimal choice of efficient lighting equipment. Recommendations on the designing of lighting installations of total uniform illumination of spaces in dwelling and public buildings have been developed on the basis of these methods. The use of these documents makes it possible to reduce significantly power consumption for illumination, improve the quality of projects and shorten the designing time.
Key words: systems of total uniform artificial lighting, lighting installations, lighting environment, designing and calculations of lighting installations, power saving decisions.
On the Issue of Universal Use of Individual Heating Stations for Hot Water Supply Systems
UDC 697.1
Semen I. PRIZHIZHETSKY
The organization of heat supply of buildings with a central or individual heating station is considered. Introduction of energy saving technologies into housing and communal services will favour the transition to individual heating stations (IHS) of factory readiness. The use of up-to-date pumping and heat exchanging equipment makes it possible to place such station in the building on the area of 8-12 m2. The courtyard territory released from the heating station can be used more rationally with due regard for interests of dwellers. According to the program of energy saving, MNIITEP develops the working documentation concerning the placement of IHS in technical cellars of dwelling houses of mass series.
Key words: central heating station, individual heating station, heat supply and water supply stations, heat exchanger, heat and financial resources saving.
Design of the «KUB 2,5» Structural Systems
UDC 624.012.45
Gennady I. SHAPIRO, Roman V. YURIEV
The calculating model of the «KUB 2.5» structural system taking into account the prefabricability of the structure with discrete junctions and limited value of plasticity in these junctions is considered. The suggested calculating model of connection of floor slabs corresponds to the real operation of the structure.
Key words: design of building, structural system, calculating model, cast-in-place and precast frame.
About Influence of Design and Material of Ties Between the Concrete Layers of a Three-Layer External Wall Panel on Its Heat-Engineering Homogeneity
UDC 691.328.022-413:691.87:699.86
Anna Yu. GERMAN, Mariya G. PANFILOVA, Mariya S. PLITINA
The heat-engineering calculation of the three-layer external wall panel with different variants of connection ties (reinforced keys, flexible metal bracings, bracing framework, glass-reinforced plastic bracings) is done. Conclusions about what design of bracing is the most efficient from the position of heat engineering for improvement are drawn.
Key words: design of external wall panels, heat losses, efficient heat insulation material, ties, temperature-climatic influences, compression, joint.
Development of Penetrating Waterproofing Composition for the Concrete Constructional Elements
UDC 699.82:691.327
Igor V. VALTSIFER, Irina P. SIZENEVA, Ekaterina V. SAENKO, Viktor N. VALTSIFER, Vladimir N. STRELNIKOV
High-effective penetrating composition for waterproofing of concrete constructional elements has been developed. Influence of fractional content of sand on properties of the penetrating waterproofing composition of concrete has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the use of superfine poly-fraction sand is optimal for the making the waterproofing composition. Highest possible velocity of chemically active additives inside concrete body and their possible penetration depth have been determined.
Key words: penetrating waterproofing, physic-chemistry of concrete, water-tightness, fractional content.
Underflooding of Territories of Electrical Substations' Outdoor Switch-Gears and Their Water Protection
UDC 711.4:624.131.6:628.2
Galina I. KLIORINA, Marina S. LAPSHINA
Features of formation of underflooding in the territory of outdoor switch-gears (OSG) of substations (SS) of St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region are considered. Results of the study and conception of efficient water protection measures are discussed. It is suggested to use a network of pipeless drainage-storm water systems placed below the foundation of a rubble mound as water protection measures.
Key words: electrical substation, territory of outdoor switch-gears, underflooding, arrangement of relief, water protection, engineering preparation of territory.
Classification of Safety Levels and Qualitative State of Ecosystems
UDC 614.87:69
Valery I. TELICHENKO, Arkady L. BOLSHEROTOV
For evaluation of safety levels and qualitative state of ecosystems it is suggested to assess not resultant effect on the ecosystem but reaction of the ecosystem to any complex influence. The classification of safety levels and qualitative state of natural ecosystems made by the authors makes it possible to evaluate more precisely the ecological safety of one or another building object placed in the natural ecosystem.
Key words: classification of safety levels of ecosystems, natural ecosystems, threshold of ecological safety, saturated biocoenosis, allogenic succession.
New Design of an Opening Roof of a Stadium
UDC 624.016:[624.011.2+624.014]
Mikhail B. MOSKALEV
Structures of the opening roofs of stadiums are considered. The suggested structure of a transformable covering makes it possible to avoid the shortcomings typical for these structures. The main feature of the new solution is a possibility to regulate efforts and stressed-deformed state in rod elements of structures.
Key words: opening roof of a stadium, slab-structural constructions, metal-wood structures, rod system, guys, preliminary stress.
Calculation of Flexural lexible Reinforced Concrete Elements with Indirect Mesh Reinforcement of a Compressed Zone
UDC 691.328:624.072.2
Boris S. RASTORGUEV, Dahi Suleman VANUS
The theory of deformation of flexural concrete elements with indirect mesh reinforcement, three dimensional stress and strain diagrams of a technique to obtain concrete.
Key words: mesh indirect armature, a volume tension of concrete with indirect reinforcing.
Application of Peat for Manufacturing Composite Thermo-Insulation Plates
UDC 691.1:622.331.07
Nina M. VITALOVA
The result of researches of composite peat-schungizit cement slabs thermo-insulating and structural-thermo-insulating appointment are represented, influence of cement-knitting on the durability at compression and bend, frost-resistance and also influence of schungizit at fire-resistance of composite is established.
Key words: peat, thermo-insulating, durability, frost-resistance, composite.
Using Cool Storage in Air-Conditioning Systems
UDC 697.975
Alexandr L. NAUMOV, Sergey F. SEROV, Vladimir V. EFREMOVbr /> The innovative design of cool storage different from known domestic and foreign analogs is developed. The operating principle of the cool storage is based on using the heat of phase transition (freezing) of water. Cool storage is using in air-conditioning systems.br /> Key words: air-conditioning system, cool storage, phase transition.